Binge Eating Disorder
Conditions
Brief summary
The main objective of the proposed study is to determine whether the effectiveness of a group therapy treatment for Binge Eating Disorder (BED) is improved and attrition reduced by optimally matching women with BED who have high attachment anxiety to Group Psychodynamic Interpersonal Psychotherapy (GPIP). This study represents the next phase in a program of research stemming from a previously conducted randomized controlled trial (RCT).
Interventions
This intervention will consist of 16 weekly 90 minute sessions of Group Psychodynamic Interpersonal Psychotherapy (GPIP). GPIP was developed and empirically tested in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) at our Centre. GPIP will be preceded by an individual pre-group preparation session conducted by a psychologist trained in GPIP to orient the patient to the therapy. Patients are given a rationale for the treatment.
Sponsors
Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)
Ottawa Hospital Research Institute
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Subject)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
•Overweight Women 18 years of age or older who binge eat at least twice per week for the past month.
Exclusion criteria
* unable speak English * history of an eating disorder other than Binge Eating Disorder * concurrent Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-IV (DSM-IV) diagnosis of bipolar disorder, psychosis, drug or alcohol problem * pregnant or planning on becoming pregnant within the next year * are currently or plan to become enrolled in a weight loss program within the next year
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Frequency of Binge Eating in the Past 28 Days | Pre and Post treatment, 6 months and 1 year |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Depression Symptoms | Pre and Post treatment, 6 months and 1 year | Early response to treatment is indicated by a reduction in depression symptoms measured by The Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II; Beck, Steer, & Brown, 1996). The BDI-II is scored by summing the ratings for the 21 items. Each item is rated on a 4-point scale ranging from 0 to 3. The range for this scale is 0-63. Higher scores represent more depressive symptoms. We included cases that were missing up to 8 missing items and calculated scores for participants with missing items by taking the weighted mean and multiplying by 21. |
Countries
Canada
Participant flow
Recruitment details
Participants were self-referred from advertisements distributed around Ottawa and surrounding area, or referred from the Regional Center for the Treatment of Eating Disorders at The Ottawa Hospital (Sept. 2007 to Mar.2009).
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| High Attachment Anxiety Condition These participants scored greater than the cut off of 3.59 on the Need for Approval subscale of the Attachment Style questionnaire. They were assigned to therapy groups homogeneously composed of participants with high attachment anxiety. | 50 |
| Low Attachment Anxiety Condition These participants scored lower than the cut off of 3.59 on the Need for Approval subscale of the Attachment Style questionnaire. They were assigned to therapy groups homogeneously composed of participants with low attachment anxiety. | 52 |
| Total | 102 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Low Attachment Anxiety Condition | High Attachment Anxiety Condition | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Categorical <=18 years | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical >=65 years | 3 Participants | 0 Participants | 3 Participants |
| Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years | 49 Participants | 50 Participants | 99 Participants |
| Age, Continuous | 46.23 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.67 | 42.29 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.54 | 44.32 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.79 |
| Region of Enrollment Canada | 52 participants | 50 participants | 102 participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 52 Participants | 50 Participants | 102 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | — / — | — / — |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 0 | 0 / 0 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 0 | 0 / 0 |
Outcome results
Primary
Frequency of Binge Eating in the Past 28 Days
Time frame: Pre and Post treatment, 6 months and 1 year
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| High Attachment Anxiety Condition | Frequency of Binge Eating in the Past 28 Days | Freq. of binge eating in the Past 28 days: Pre | 16.06 days | Standard Deviation 6.57 |
| High Attachment Anxiety Condition | Frequency of Binge Eating in the Past 28 Days | Freq. of binge eating in the Past 28 days: Post | 6.26 days | Standard Deviation 6.45 |
| High Attachment Anxiety Condition | Frequency of Binge Eating in the Past 28 Days | Freq. of binge eating in the Past 28 days: 6mo | 6.40 days | Standard Deviation 8.66 |
| High Attachment Anxiety Condition | Frequency of Binge Eating in the Past 28 Days | Freq. of binge eating in the Past 28 days: 12mo | 5.67 days | Standard Deviation 6.14 |
| Low Attachment Anxiety Condition | Frequency of Binge Eating in the Past 28 Days | Freq. of binge eating in the Past 28 days: 12mo | 4.10 days | Standard Deviation 5.03 |
| Low Attachment Anxiety Condition | Frequency of Binge Eating in the Past 28 Days | Freq. of binge eating in the Past 28 days: Pre | 14.48 days | Standard Deviation 4.69 |
| Low Attachment Anxiety Condition | Frequency of Binge Eating in the Past 28 Days | Freq. of binge eating in the Past 28 days: 6mo | 6.56 days | Standard Deviation 8.49 |
| Low Attachment Anxiety Condition | Frequency of Binge Eating in the Past 28 Days | Freq. of binge eating in the Past 28 days: Post | 7.40 days | Standard Deviation 8.18 |
Secondary
Depression Symptoms
Early response to treatment is indicated by a reduction in depression symptoms measured by The Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II; Beck, Steer, & Brown, 1996). The BDI-II is scored by summing the ratings for the 21 items. Each item is rated on a 4-point scale ranging from 0 to 3. The range for this scale is 0-63. Higher scores represent more depressive symptoms. We included cases that were missing up to 8 missing items and calculated scores for participants with missing items by taking the weighted mean and multiplying by 21.
Time frame: Pre and Post treatment, 6 months and 1 year
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| High Attachment Anxiety Condition | Depression Symptoms | Depression Symptoms: Post | 15.51 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 11.48 |
| High Attachment Anxiety Condition | Depression Symptoms | Depression Symptoms: 6 month | 12.62 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 9.52 |
| High Attachment Anxiety Condition | Depression Symptoms | Depression Symptoms: 12 month | 17.32 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 9.78 |
| High Attachment Anxiety Condition | Depression Symptoms | Depression Symptoms: Pre | 25.82 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 10.58 |
| Low Attachment Anxiety Condition | Depression Symptoms | Depression Symptoms: Pre | 16.42 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 10.49 |
| Low Attachment Anxiety Condition | Depression Symptoms | Depression Symptoms: Post | 10.26 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 8.31 |
| Low Attachment Anxiety Condition | Depression Symptoms | Depression Symptoms: 12 month | 9.75 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 10.26 |
| Low Attachment Anxiety Condition | Depression Symptoms | Depression Symptoms: 6 month | 8.30 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 7.08 |