Breast Cancer, Breast Neoplasms, Cancer of the Breast
Conditions
Keywords
Breast cancer, Tumors, Breast, Cancer of the breast
Brief summary
The purpose of this study is to assess if docetaxel and cytoxan can shrink the size of your breast tumor and allow you to preserve your breast or have less extensive surgery on your breast. Additionally, by receiving chemotherapy before surgery, the investigators will be able to determine if your cancer is responsive to chemotherapy.
Detailed description
Previous studies have shown that chemotherapy has the same effect on treating breast cancer whether you receive it before or after surgery. Receiving chemotherapy before surgery, rather than after surgery, may allow you to have less extensive surgery by shrinking the size of your cancer. The purpose of this study is to assess if docetaxel and cytoxan can shrink the size of your breast tumor and allow you to preserve your breast or have less extensive surgery on your breast. Additionally, by receiving chemotherapy before surgery, we will be able to determine if your cancer is responsive to chemotherapy. Prior to entering this study, a special test, called the Oncotype DX assay, will be performed on a small amount of your cancer from the biopsy you had at the time you were diagnosed with breast cancer, to determine the likelihood that your cancer will benefit from and shrink with chemotherapy. You will only be eligible to enter this study if the recurrence score determined using the Oncotype DX assay is 25 or greater. Patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancers with recurrence scores greater than or equal to 25 have been previously demonstrated to obtain a significant benefit from chemotherapy given after surgery. In addition, researchers would like to examine proteins present in your blood and proteins present in your breast tissue. These additional parts of the study are voluntary and are NOT required to participate in this study.
Interventions
DRUGDocetaxel with Cytoxan
Docetaxel 75 mg/m² plus cytoxan 600 mg/m² every 3 weeks for 6 cycles.
DRUGDexamethasone
Dexamethasone 4 mg BID PO for 3 consecutive days starting 12-24 hours prior to each dose of docetaxel.
Sponsors
Sanofi
Emory University
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Signed informed consent. * Histologically or cytologically confirmed breast carcinoma. * Early stage breast cancer (T1c-3, clinically node-negative-3 \[cN0-3\], cM0). * No evidence of disease outside the breast or chest wall, except ipsilateral axillary or internal mammary lymph nodes. * Pre-treatment biopsy with the following characteristics: * Hormone receptor-positive cancer as defined as ER and/or progesterone receptor (PR)-positive by standard immunohistochemistry (IHC) * HER2-negative (HER2 ≤ 2 by IHC; if HER2 2+ by IHC must be fluorescence in situ hybridization \[FISH\] non-amplified) * Recurrence score ≥ 25 using Oncotype DX 21-gene assay * Patients must have measurable disease as defined by palpable lesion with both diameters ≥ 1cm measurable with caliper or a positive mammogram or ultrasound with at least one dimension ≥ 1cm. Baseline measurements of the indicator lesions must be recorded on the Patient Registration Form. To be valid for baseline, the measurements must have been made within the 14 days if palpable. If not palpable, a mammogram or MRI must be done within 14 days. If palpable, a mammogram or MRI must be done within 2 months prior to study entry. If clinically indicated, xrays and scans must be done within 28 days of study entry. * Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0 to 2. * No prior chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, biologic therapy or radiation therapy for breast cancer. * Adequate organ function within 14 days of study entry: * Bone marrow function: absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1500/mm³, Hgb \> 8.0 g/dl, and platelet count ≥ 100,000/mm³. * Hepatic function: total bilirubin \< upper limit of normal (ULN). Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT)(AST) or serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT)(ALT) and alkaline phosphatase ≤ 1.5 x ULN. * Renal function: calculated creatinine clearance (CrCl) ≥ 30 mL/min using the Cockroft Gault equation. * Patients must be at least 18 years of age.
Exclusion criteria
* Pregnant or lactating women are not eligible. Women of childbearing potential must have a negative serum pregnancy test completed within 7 days of study entry, and use an appropriate form of birth control throughout the trial period. * No medical, psychological or surgical condition which the investigator feels might compromise study participation. * No patients with history within the last 5 years of previous or current malignancy at other sites with the exception of adequately treated carcinoma in-situ of the cervix or basal or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. Patients with a history of other malignancies who remain disease free for greater than five years are eligible. * No evidence of peripheral or sensory neuropathy. * Patients with a history of severe hypersensitivity reaction to docetaxel or other drugs formulated with polysorbate 80 are excluded from participation. * No serious, uncontrolled, concurrent infection(s). * No clinically significant cardiac disease (e.g. congestive heart failure, symptomatic coronary artery disease and cardiac arrhythmias not well controlled with medication) or myocardial infarction within the last 12 months prior to study entry. * No major surgery within 28 days of study entry. * No evidence of central nervous system (CNS) metastases.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Pathologic Response to Pre-operative Docetaxel and Cytoxan (TC) | At time of definitive surgery | Patients were assessed for surgery after 6 cycles of TC (18 weeks). Pathologic stage was determined based on size of tumor and degree of lymph node involvement at the time of surgery, whereas clinical stage pre-operatively was determined by clinical assessment and imaging. If pathologic stage was the same as clinical stage, it was called stable; if it was higher, upstaged (worse outcome); if lower, downstaged (better outcome). Pathologic stage was determined by Emory board-certified pathologists. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Recruitment details
Patients were recruited from April 2009 to October 2015 at Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Emory University Hospital Midtown, and Grady Memorial Hospital.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Docetaxel With Cytoxan Patients will be treated with docetaxel at 75 mg/m² concomitantly with cytoxan 600 mg/m² (TC) IV D1 every 3 weeks for 6 cycles. Due to known toxicity of docetaxel, all patients require dexamethasone 4 mg BID PO for 3 consecutive days starting 12-24 hours prior to each dose of docetaxel to minimize hypersensitivity reactions and fluid retention.
Docetaxel with Cytoxan: Docetaxel 75 mg/m² plus cytoxan 600 mg/m² every 3 weeks for 6 cycles.
Dexamethasone: Dexamethasone 4 mg BID PO for 3 consecutive days starting 12-24 hours prior to each dose of docetaxel. | 23 |
| Total | 23 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Docetaxel With Cytoxan |
|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 54.91 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.69 |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 1 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 20 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 2 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 11 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 2 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 10 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 23 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 21 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 2 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk |
|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | — / — |
| other Total, other adverse events | 21 / 23 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 1 / 23 |
Outcome results
Primary
Pathologic Response to Pre-operative Docetaxel and Cytoxan (TC)
Patients were assessed for surgery after 6 cycles of TC (18 weeks). Pathologic stage was determined based on size of tumor and degree of lymph node involvement at the time of surgery, whereas clinical stage pre-operatively was determined by clinical assessment and imaging. If pathologic stage was the same as clinical stage, it was called stable; if it was higher, upstaged (worse outcome); if lower, downstaged (better outcome). Pathologic stage was determined by Emory board-certified pathologists.
Time frame: At time of definitive surgery
Population: Staging information was not collected for two patients.
| Arm | Measure | Category | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Docetaxel With Cytoxan | Pathologic Response to Pre-operative Docetaxel and Cytoxan (TC) | Stable | 4 Participants |
| Docetaxel With Cytoxan | Pathologic Response to Pre-operative Docetaxel and Cytoxan (TC) | Downstaged | 12 Participants |
| Docetaxel With Cytoxan | Pathologic Response to Pre-operative Docetaxel and Cytoxan (TC) | Upstaged | 5 Participants |