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CONSORT Randomized Controlled Trial in Assisted Reproductive Technology

A Phase IV Prospective, Multicenter, Randomized, Open-label Trial to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of GONAL f® at a Dose Based on Subject Baseline Characteristics Determined According to the CONSORT Calculator Compared With a Standard Dose of GONAL f® 150 IU Per Day for Ovarian Stimulation in Women Undergoing Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART)

Status
Completed
Phases
Phase 4
Study type
Interventional
Source
ClinicalTrials.gov
Registry ID
NCT00829244
Enrollment
200
Registered
2009-01-26
Start date
2008-08-31
Completion date
2010-01-31
Last updated
2014-02-13

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Infertility

Keywords

Infertility, Assisted reproductive technology

Brief summary

The overall objective of this trial is to compare the ovarian response in assisted reproductive technology (ART) subjects administered GONAL f® according to the 'Consistency in recombinant follicle stimulating hormone \[r-FSH\] starting doses for individualized treatment' (CONSORT) calculator versus given a standard GONAL f® dose of 150 International Unit (IU) per day.

Interventions

DRUGGONAL f® prefilled pen

GONAL f® doses starting at minimum of 112.5 IU per day and a maximum of 450 IU per day for 1 cycle only

Sponsors

Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
Lead SponsorINDUSTRY

Study design

Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE

Eligibility

Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
18 Years to 34 Years
Healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

1. Female subjects justifying an in-vitro fertilization (IVF)/embryo transfer (ET) treatment 2. Have a male partner with semen analysis within the past 6 months prior to randomization considered adequate to proceed with regular insemination or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) according to the center's standard practice. If these criteria are not met, the subject can only be entered if donor sperm will be used 3. Between her 18th and 35th birthday (35 not included) at the time of the randomization visit 4. Body mass index (BMI) lower than 30 kilogram per square meter (kg/m\^2) where the BMI is calculated according to the formula 5. Have a regular spontaneous ovulatory menstrual cycle between 21 and 35 days in length 6. Have an early follicular phase (Day 2-4) serum level of basal FSH lower than or equal to 12 International Unit per Liter (IU/L) measured in the center's local laboratory during the screening period (i.e. within 2 months prior to down-regulation start) 7. Presence of both ovaries 8. Normal uterine cavity, which in the investigator's opinion is compatible with pregnancy 9. Have a negative cervical papanicolaou (PAP) test within the last 6 months prior to randomization 10. Have at least 1 wash-out cycle (defined as greater than or equal to 30 days since the last dose of clomiphene citrate or gonadotrophin treatment) since the last ART cycle and/or clomiphene citrate or gonadotrophin treatment prior to starting gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist therapy 11. Willing and able to comply with the protocol for the duration of the trial 12. Have given written informed consent, prior to any trial-related procedure not part of normal medical care, with the understanding that consent may be withdrawn by the subject at any time without prejudice to her future medical care

Exclusion criteria

1. Have greater than or equal to 2 previous ART cycles with a poor response to gonadotrophin stimulation (defined as lower than or equal to 5 mature follicles and/or lower than or equal to 3 oocytes collected) or have greater than or equal to 2 previous ART cycles with a hyper response (defined as greater than or equal to 25 oocytes retrieved) 2. Any medical condition, which in the judgment of the investigator may interfere with the absorption, distribution, metabolism or excretion of the drug. In case of doubt, the subject in question should be discussed with Merck Serono's Medical responsible 3. Have previous severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) 4. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS; Rotterdam criteria) to reduce the risk of the occurrence of OHSS 5. Presence of endometriosis requiring treatment 6. Uterine myoma requiring treatment 7. Any contraindication to being pregnant and/or carrying a pregnancy to term 8. Extra-uterine pregnancy within the last 3 months prior to screening 9. History of 3 or more miscarriages (early or late miscarriages) due to any cause 10. Tumors of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland 11. Ovarian enlargement or cyst of unknown etiology 12. Ovarian, uterine or mammary cancer 13. A clinically significant systemic disease 14. Known infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B or C virus in the trial subject or her male partner, 15. Abnormal gynecological bleeding of undetermined origin 16. Known allergy or hypersensitivity to human gonadotrophin preparations, 17. Any active substance abuse or history of drug medication or alcohol abuse in the past 5 years prior to the screening visit 18. Entered previously into this trial or simultaneous participation in another clinical trial

Design outcomes

Primary

MeasureTime frameDescription
Number of Oocytes Retrieved Per Participant34-38 hours post-recombinant human choriogonadotropin (hCG) (OPU)Mean number of oocytes retrieved on the day of ovum pick up (OPU) was calculated. Oocyte retrieval is a technique used in in-vitro fertilization in order to remove oocytes from the ovary of the female, enabling fertilization outside the body.

Secondary

MeasureTime frameDescription
Mean GONAL-f® Daily DoseStart of treatment until end of stimulation cycle (approximately 28 days)
Total Number of GONAL-f® Stimulation Treatment DaysStart of treatment until end of stimulation cycle (approximately 28 days)
Number of Participants With Cancelled Cycles Due to Excessive or Inadequate Response to TreatmentStart of treatment until Day 15-20 post-hCGNumber of participants with cancelled cycles due to excessive or inadequate response was evaluated. An excessive response: greater than or equal to 25 oocytes which could put the participant at risk of OHSS; An inadequate response: defined as 3 or less follicles of greater than or equal to 12 millimeter (mm) developing following at least 7 days of GONAL-f® treatment.
Percentage of Participants With Biochemical PregnanciesStart of treatment until Day 15-20 Post-hCGBiochemical pregnancy was defined as a pregnancy diagnosed only by the detection of hCG in serum and that does not develop into a clinical pregnancy.
Number of Participants With Fetal Sacs and Fetal HeartsDay 35-42 Post-hCGNumber of participants with fetal sacs and fetal hearts (with activity) as seen on an ultrasound scan to confirm clinical pregnancy.
Total GONAL-f® DoseStart of treatment until end of stimulation cycle (approximately 28 days)
Number of Participants With Multiple PregnanciesDay 35-42 Post-hCGMultiple pregnancy was defined as 2 or more fetal hearts with activity.
Serum Progesterone (P4) LevelsEnd of stimulation cycle (approximately 28 days)
Percentage of Participants With Clinical PregnancyDay 35-42 Post-hCGClinical pregnancy is defined by the number of sacs and hearts with activity per ultrasound scan performed on Day 35-42 post-hCG.
Number of Participants With OHSSStart of treatment until Day 15-20 Post-hCGOHSS is a syndrome which can manifest with enlarged ovaries, advanced ascites with increased vascular permeability, pleural fluid accumulation, hemoconcentration, and increased blood clotting.
Pregnancy Outcome - Number of Participants With Pregnancy and Their Outcomeup to 9 month (following the end of treatment)Pregnancy outcomes are live outcome (live infant) and non-live outcome (non-live infant) or unknown outcome (subject lost to follow-up).
Implantation RateDay 35-42 Post-hCGImplantation rate was measured as the number of gestational sacs observed divided by the number of embryos transferred multiplied by 100.

Countries

Switzerland

Participant flow

Recruitment details

Participants were enrolled at 22 clinical trial centers in 9 European countries and 1 center in Chile. Recruitment period: 29 August 2008 to 21 January 2010.

Pre-assignment details

A total of 244 participants gave informed consent and were screened for study entry. Forty-four (44) of these participants were not randomized due to: screening failure (38), failure to down regulate (3), or other reasons (3). A total of 200 participants were randomized to one of the two treatment arms.

Participants by arm

ArmCount
GONAL-f ® CONSORT Calculator
GONAL-f® (follitropin alfa) administered subcutaneously (sc), dose ranging from 112.5 to 450 International Unit (IU) per day based on participant baseline characteristics determined according to the consistency in recombinant follicle stimulating hormone \[r-FSH\] starting doses for individualized treatment (CONSORT) calculator throughout stimulation cycle.
96
GONAL-f ® Standard Treatment
GONAL-f® (follitropin alfa) administered sc at a standard dose of 150 IU per day up to Day 5 of stimulation (S5) after which the dose was adjusted based upon the participant's ovarian response and according to the center's standard practice.
104
Total200

Withdrawals & dropouts

PeriodReasonFG000FG001
Overall StudyAdverse Event13
Overall StudyAll embryos discarded03
Overall StudyLack of ovarian response to stimulation95
Overall StudyNo embryo cleavage02
Overall StudyNo fertilization22
Overall StudyOvarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS)16
Overall StudyProtocol Violation10

Baseline characteristics

CharacteristicGONAL-f ® CONSORT CalculatorGONAL-f ® Standard TreatmentTotal
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
96 Participants104 Participants200 Participants
Age, Continuous30.0 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.9
30.6 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.6
30.3 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.8
Region of Enrollment
Chile
7 participants8 participants15 participants
Region of Enrollment
Denmark
26 participants26 participants52 participants
Region of Enrollment
France
6 participants5 participants11 participants
Region of Enrollment
Germany
13 participants16 participants29 participants
Region of Enrollment
Italy
10 participants10 participants20 participants
Region of Enrollment
Netherlands
5 participants6 participants11 participants
Region of Enrollment
Spain
4 participants6 participants10 participants
Region of Enrollment
Sweden
8 participants7 participants15 participants
Region of Enrollment
Switzerland
11 participants14 participants25 participants
Region of Enrollment
United Kingdom
6 participants6 participants12 participants
Serum Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH)2.705 nanogram/milliliter (ng/mL)
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.87
2.399 nanogram/milliliter (ng/mL)
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.492
2.551 nanogram/milliliter (ng/mL)
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.692
Serum Progesterone (P4)2.934 nanomole/liter (nmol/L)
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.328
2.803 nanomole/liter (nmol/L)
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.291
2.868 nanomole/liter (nmol/L)
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.303
Sex: Female, Male
Female
96 Participants104 Participants200 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants

Adverse events

Event typeEG000
affected / at risk
EG001
affected / at risk
deaths
Total, all-cause mortality
— / —— / —
other
Total, other adverse events
40 / 9648 / 104
serious
Total, serious adverse events
4 / 963 / 104

Outcome results

Primary

Number of Oocytes Retrieved Per Participant

Mean number of oocytes retrieved on the day of ovum pick up (OPU) was calculated. Oocyte retrieval is a technique used in in-vitro fertilization in order to remove oocytes from the ovary of the female, enabling fertilization outside the body.

Time frame: 34-38 hours post-recombinant human choriogonadotropin (hCG) (OPU)

Population: The modified Intention-To-Treat (ITT) population included all participants randomized into trial who received at least 1 dose of GONAL-f®, and who completed primary efficacy assessment (total number of oocytes retrieved per participant following GONAL-f® stimulation and hCG injection). Participants were analyzed based on treatment they received.

ArmMeasureValue (MEAN)Dispersion
GONAL-f ® CONSORT CalculatorNumber of Oocytes Retrieved Per Participant10.0 oocytesStandard Deviation 5.6
GONAL-f ® Standard TreatmentNumber of Oocytes Retrieved Per Participant11.8 oocytesStandard Deviation 5.3
Comparison: The null hypothesis was that the difference between the mean number of oocytes \[CONSORT calculator dosing - Standard dosing\] was less than or equal to \[=\<\] (-3). The alternate hypothesis was that the difference was greater than \[\>\] (-3).p-value: 0.03795% CI: [-3.3, -0.1]ANOVA
Secondary

Implantation Rate

Implantation rate was measured as the number of gestational sacs observed divided by the number of embryos transferred multiplied by 100.

Time frame: Day 35-42 Post-hCG

Population: The modified ITT population included all participants randomized into trial who received at least 1 dose of GONAL-f®, and who completed primary efficacy assessment (total number of oocytes retrieved per participant following GONAL-f® stimulation and hCG injection). Participants were analyzed based on treatment they received.

ArmMeasureValue (MEAN)Dispersion
GONAL-f ® CONSORT CalculatorImplantation Rate31.1 percent sacs per embryoStandard Deviation 41.3
GONAL-f ® Standard TreatmentImplantation Rate31.2 percent sacs per embryoStandard Deviation 40.8
p-value: 0.92695% CI: [-12.3, 13.6]ANOVA
Secondary

Mean GONAL-f® Daily Dose

Time frame: Start of treatment until end of stimulation cycle (approximately 28 days)

Population: The modified ITT population included all participants randomized into trial who received at least 1 dose of GONAL-f®, and who completed primary efficacy assessment (total number of oocytes retrieved per participant following GONAL-f® stimulation and hCG injection). Participants were analyzed based on treatment they received.

ArmMeasureValue (MEAN)Dispersion
GONAL-f ® CONSORT CalculatorMean GONAL-f® Daily Dose121.49 IUStandard Deviation 22.56
GONAL-f ® Standard TreatmentMean GONAL-f® Daily Dose167.43 IUStandard Deviation 30.79
p-value: <0.00195% CI: [-53.75, -37.46]ANOVA
Secondary

Number of Participants With Cancelled Cycles Due to Excessive or Inadequate Response to Treatment

Number of participants with cancelled cycles due to excessive or inadequate response was evaluated. An excessive response: greater than or equal to 25 oocytes which could put the participant at risk of OHSS; An inadequate response: defined as 3 or less follicles of greater than or equal to 12 millimeter (mm) developing following at least 7 days of GONAL-f® treatment.

Time frame: Start of treatment until Day 15-20 post-hCG

Population: All the randomized participants were analyzed for this outcome measure (N=200).

ArmMeasureGroupValue (NUMBER)
GONAL-f ® CONSORT CalculatorNumber of Participants With Cancelled Cycles Due to Excessive or Inadequate Response to TreatmentInadequate response9 Participants
GONAL-f ® CONSORT CalculatorNumber of Participants With Cancelled Cycles Due to Excessive or Inadequate Response to TreatmentExcessive response (Risk of OHSS)1 Participants
GONAL-f ® Standard TreatmentNumber of Participants With Cancelled Cycles Due to Excessive or Inadequate Response to TreatmentInadequate response5 Participants
GONAL-f ® Standard TreatmentNumber of Participants With Cancelled Cycles Due to Excessive or Inadequate Response to TreatmentExcessive response (Risk of OHSS)6 Participants
Secondary

Number of Participants With Fetal Sacs and Fetal Hearts

Number of participants with fetal sacs and fetal hearts (with activity) as seen on an ultrasound scan to confirm clinical pregnancy.

Time frame: Day 35-42 Post-hCG

Population: The modified ITT population included all participants randomized into trial who received at least 1 dose of GONAL-f®, and who completed primary efficacy assessment (total number of oocytes retrieved per participant following GONAL-f® stimulation and hCG injection). Participants were analyzed based on treatment they received.

ArmMeasureGroupValue (NUMBER)
GONAL-f ® CONSORT CalculatorNumber of Participants With Fetal Sacs and Fetal Hearts3 (fetal hearts)1 participants
GONAL-f ® CONSORT CalculatorNumber of Participants With Fetal Sacs and Fetal HeartsMissing (fetal sacs and fetal hearts)47 participants
GONAL-f ® CONSORT CalculatorNumber of Participants With Fetal Sacs and Fetal Hearts0 (fetal sacs)6 participants
GONAL-f ® CONSORT CalculatorNumber of Participants With Fetal Sacs and Fetal Hearts1 (fetal sacs)27 participants
GONAL-f ® CONSORT CalculatorNumber of Participants With Fetal Sacs and Fetal Hearts2 (fetal sacs)5 participants
GONAL-f ® CONSORT CalculatorNumber of Participants With Fetal Sacs and Fetal Hearts3 (fetal sacs)1 participants
GONAL-f ® CONSORT CalculatorNumber of Participants With Fetal Sacs and Fetal Hearts0 (fetal hearts)8 participants
GONAL-f ® CONSORT CalculatorNumber of Participants With Fetal Sacs and Fetal Hearts1 (fetal hearts)25 participants
GONAL-f ® CONSORT CalculatorNumber of Participants With Fetal Sacs and Fetal Hearts2 (fetal hearts)5 participants
GONAL-f ® Standard TreatmentNumber of Participants With Fetal Sacs and Fetal Hearts1 (fetal hearts)24 participants
GONAL-f ® Standard TreatmentNumber of Participants With Fetal Sacs and Fetal Hearts3 (fetal sacs)0 participants
GONAL-f ® Standard TreatmentNumber of Participants With Fetal Sacs and Fetal HeartsMissing (fetal sacs and fetal hearts)57 participants
GONAL-f ® Standard TreatmentNumber of Participants With Fetal Sacs and Fetal Hearts3 (fetal hearts)0 participants
GONAL-f ® Standard TreatmentNumber of Participants With Fetal Sacs and Fetal Hearts0 (fetal sacs)1 participants
GONAL-f ® Standard TreatmentNumber of Participants With Fetal Sacs and Fetal Hearts0 (fetal hearts)3 participants
GONAL-f ® Standard TreatmentNumber of Participants With Fetal Sacs and Fetal Hearts1 (fetal sacs)25 participants
GONAL-f ® Standard TreatmentNumber of Participants With Fetal Sacs and Fetal Hearts2 (fetal hearts)9 participants
GONAL-f ® Standard TreatmentNumber of Participants With Fetal Sacs and Fetal Hearts2 (fetal sacs)10 participants
Secondary

Number of Participants With Multiple Pregnancies

Multiple pregnancy was defined as 2 or more fetal hearts with activity.

Time frame: Day 35-42 Post-hCG

Population: The modified ITT population. Number of participants analyzed (N) signifies those participants who were evaluated for this outcome measure.

ArmMeasureValue (NUMBER)
GONAL-f ® CONSORT CalculatorNumber of Participants With Multiple Pregnancies6 participants
GONAL-f ® Standard TreatmentNumber of Participants With Multiple Pregnancies9 participants
Secondary

Number of Participants With OHSS

OHSS is a syndrome which can manifest with enlarged ovaries, advanced ascites with increased vascular permeability, pleural fluid accumulation, hemoconcentration, and increased blood clotting.

Time frame: Start of treatment until Day 15-20 Post-hCG

Population: Safety population included all the participants who were randomized.

ArmMeasureValue (NUMBER)
GONAL-f ® CONSORT CalculatorNumber of Participants With OHSS6 participants
GONAL-f ® Standard TreatmentNumber of Participants With OHSS13 participants
Secondary

Percentage of Participants With Biochemical Pregnancies

Biochemical pregnancy was defined as a pregnancy diagnosed only by the detection of hCG in serum and that does not develop into a clinical pregnancy.

Time frame: Start of treatment until Day 15-20 Post-hCG

Population: The modified ITT population included all participants randomized into trial who received at least 1 dose of GONAL-f®, and who completed primary efficacy assessment (total number of oocytes retrieved per participant following GONAL-f® stimulation and hCG injection). Participants were analyzed based on treatment they received.

ArmMeasureValue (NUMBER)
GONAL-f ® CONSORT CalculatorPercentage of Participants With Biochemical Pregnancies47.7 percentage of participants
GONAL-f ® Standard TreatmentPercentage of Participants With Biochemical Pregnancies44.1 percentage of participants
95% CI: [-11, 18.2]
Secondary

Percentage of Participants With Clinical Pregnancy

Clinical pregnancy is defined by the number of sacs and hearts with activity per ultrasound scan performed on Day 35-42 post-hCG.

Time frame: Day 35-42 Post-hCG

Population: The modified ITT population included all participants randomized into trial who received at least 1 dose of GONAL-f®, and who completed primary efficacy assessment (total number of oocytes retrieved per participant following GONAL-f® stimulation and hCG injection). Participants were analyzed based on treatment they received.

ArmMeasureValue (NUMBER)
GONAL-f ® CONSORT CalculatorPercentage of Participants With Clinical Pregnancy36.0 percentage of participants
GONAL-f ® Standard TreatmentPercentage of Participants With Clinical Pregnancy35.5 percentage of participants
95% CI: [-13.5, 14.6]
Secondary

Pregnancy Outcome - Number of Participants With Pregnancy and Their Outcome

Pregnancy outcomes are live outcome (live infant) and non-live outcome (non-live infant) or unknown outcome (subject lost to follow-up).

Time frame: up to 9 month (following the end of treatment)

Population: The modified ITT population included all participants randomized into trial who received at least 1 dose of GONAL-f®, and who completed primary efficacy assessment (total number of oocytes retrieved per participant following GONAL-f® stimulation and hCG injection). Participants were analyzed based on treatment they received.

ArmMeasureGroupValue (NUMBER)
GONAL-f ® CONSORT CalculatorPregnancy Outcome - Number of Participants With Pregnancy and Their OutcomeLive outcomes24 participants
GONAL-f ® CONSORT CalculatorPregnancy Outcome - Number of Participants With Pregnancy and Their OutcomeNon-live outcomes2 participants
GONAL-f ® CONSORT CalculatorPregnancy Outcome - Number of Participants With Pregnancy and Their OutcomeUnknown outcomes5 participants
GONAL-f ® Standard TreatmentPregnancy Outcome - Number of Participants With Pregnancy and Their OutcomeLive outcomes25 participants
GONAL-f ® Standard TreatmentPregnancy Outcome - Number of Participants With Pregnancy and Their OutcomeNon-live outcomes3 participants
GONAL-f ® Standard TreatmentPregnancy Outcome - Number of Participants With Pregnancy and Their OutcomeUnknown outcomes5 participants
Secondary

Serum Progesterone (P4) Levels

Time frame: End of stimulation cycle (approximately 28 days)

Population: The modified ITT population included all participants randomized into trial who received at least 1 dose of GONAL-f®, and who completed primary efficacy assessment (total number of oocytes retrieved per participant following GONAL-f® stimulation and hCG injection). Participants were analyzed based on treatment they received.

ArmMeasureValue (MEAN)Dispersion
GONAL-f ® CONSORT CalculatorSerum Progesterone (P4) Levels5.41 nmol/LStandard Deviation 7.57
GONAL-f ® Standard TreatmentSerum Progesterone (P4) Levels4.88 nmol/LStandard Deviation 2.22
p-value: 0.23595% CI: [-0.61, 2.47]ANOVA
Secondary

Total GONAL-f® Dose

Time frame: Start of treatment until end of stimulation cycle (approximately 28 days)

Population: The modified ITT population included all participants randomized into trial who received at least 1 dose of GONAL-f®, and who completed primary efficacy assessment (total number of oocytes retrieved per participant following GONAL-f® stimulation and hCG injection). Participants were analyzed based on treatment they received.

ArmMeasureValue (MEAN)Dispersion
GONAL-f ® CONSORT CalculatorTotal GONAL-f® Dose1288.54 IUStandard Deviation 300.95
GONAL-f ® Standard TreatmentTotal GONAL-f® Dose1809.95 IUStandard Deviation 546.9
p-value: <0.00195% CI: [-638.78, -383.96]ANOVA
Secondary

Total Number of GONAL-f® Stimulation Treatment Days

Time frame: Start of treatment until end of stimulation cycle (approximately 28 days)

Population: The modified ITT population included all participants randomized into trial who received at least 1 dose of GONAL-f®, and who completed primary efficacy assessment (total number of oocytes retrieved per participant following GONAL-f® stimulation and hCG injection). Participants were analyzed based on treatment they received.

ArmMeasureValue (MEAN)Dispersion
GONAL-f ® CONSORT CalculatorTotal Number of GONAL-f® Stimulation Treatment Days10.6 daysStandard Deviation 1.7
GONAL-f ® Standard TreatmentTotal Number of GONAL-f® Stimulation Treatment Days10.7 daysStandard Deviation 1.6
p-value: 0.93395% CI: [-0.4, 0.5]ANOVA

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov · Data processed: Feb 4, 2026