Alcohol, Drinking, Depression
Conditions
Keywords
expressive writing, ruminating, ruminative thinking, experiential avoidance, depression, alcohol, drinking, emotional processing
Brief summary
\*\*\*Please note that this study does not offer comprehensive treatment program for alcohol abuse or depression. Please do not contact the study staff if you are seeking psychological treatment. Further, this study is only enrolling people who are clients at Career and Recovery Resources, Inc., in Houston. The hypothesis is that writing about feelings and thoughts will help people who are in group treatment feel less depressed and abuse alcohol less.
Detailed description
Expressive writing applied to a variety of populations (e.g., HIV, cancer, PTSD, depression) has been associated with health improvements, reductions in symptoms of emotional distress, and one preliminary study found reductions in alcohol misuse among college students. Data suggest that expressive writing is a technique to facilitate emotional processing that can influence a number of clinical outcomes by facilitating cognitive restructuring (Hunt, 1998; Pennebaker, 2004). In addition to examining cognitive content change following expressive writing, we believe the effects of emotional writing on mood and drinking may involve two additional processes that have been found significant for both depression and alcohol misuse, namely experiential avoidance and ruminative thinking. We hypothesize that expressive writing will lead to less drinking and enhanced mood by reducing: (1) negative thought content, (2) experiential avoidance of unpleasant private events (e.g., negative thoughts, feelings, bodily sensations), and (3) ruminative thinking.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALExpressive writing (in addition to group therapy as usual).
Participants in the expressive writing condition write about their feelings about an issue of their choosing three times, for at least 20 minutes each time, during a two week period.
Sponsors
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA)
Baylor College of Medicine
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
\*\*\*Please note that this study does not offer comprehensive treatment program for alcohol abuse or depression. Please do not contact the study staff if you are seeking psychological treatment. Further, this study is only enrolling people who are clients at Career and Recovery Resources, Inc., in Houston. Inclusion Criteria: * Enrolled in group therapy program at Career and Recovery Resources, Inc. * Must be at least 18. * Willing and able to participate in the study through the one month follow up. * Able to provide the contact information of at least two people who can generally locate their whereabouts. * Speak English fluently.
Exclusion criteria
* Inability to read, write, speak English. * History of bipolar or psychotic disorders. * Severe medical, cognitive and /or psychiatric impairment that precludes cooperation with study protocol. * Substance withdrawal symptoms requiring medical attention. * Currently receiving other individual psychosocial therapy outside of C&R for substance abuse or other psychiatric conditions with the exception of AA, NA or CA. * Impending incarceration or other factor that would create inability or unwillingness to participate in the 6 week long study period (e.g., halfway house or other aftercare program restrictions).
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Beck Depression Inventory, Second Edition | Baseline, Post-writing (2 weeks post-baseline), and One Month Follow-Up (Six weeks post-baseline) |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Number of Alcoholic Drinks Consumed | 30 days pre-baseline compared to 30 days post-intervention |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed