Recurrent B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, Recurrent Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Recurrent Indolent Adult Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, Refractory B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Conditions
Brief summary
This phase II trial studies how well giving vorinostat, cladribine, and rituximab together works in treating patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), or B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) that has returned after a period of improvement. Vorinostat may stop the growth of cancer cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as cladribine, work in different ways to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. Monoclonal antibodies, such as rituximab, may block cancer growth in different ways by targeting certain cells. Giving vorinostat together with cladribine and rituximab may kill more cancer cells.
Detailed description
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: I. Determine objective response rates of the SCR regimen (vorinostat, cladribine, and rituximab) in B-cell malignancies. II. Determine the tolerability and toxicities of the SCR regimen. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: I. Evaluate progression free survival in patients treated with SCR. II. Estimate event free survival for patients treated with SCR. III. Determine the contribution (if any) of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation/histone deacetylation to disease progression and/or response to SCR combination chemotherapy. IV. Perform scientific correlates to determine if SCR treatment a) is associated with global and gene specific changes in transcription of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA)s and micro ribonucleic acid (MiRNA)s b) is acting as an inhibitor of DNA methylation c) is activating or silencing specific genes or miRNAs. OUTLINE: Patients receive vorinostat orally (PO) on days 1-14, cladribine intravenously (IV) over 2 hours on days 1-5, and rituximab IV on day 3 (weekly for the first course). Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 6 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up for 2 years and then every 6 months thereafter.
Interventions
DRUGCladribine
Given IV
OTHERLaboratory Biomarker Analysis
Correlative studies
BIOLOGICALRituximab
Given IV
DRUGVorinostat
Given PO
Sponsors
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
OHSU Knight Cancer Institute
Study design
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Patients must be able to provide informed consent according to institutional guidelines * Patients must have: 1) MCL; or 2) relapsed or refractory cluster of differentiation (CD)20 positive B-cell indolent NHL; or 3) relapsed CLL * Patients must have measurable disease/disease status requirements as follows: * For CLL patients, symptomatic disease as defined by the International Workshop on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (IWCLL) 2008 criteria that mandate treatment * For B-cell NHL patients must have at least one of the following to be eligible: * Positron emission tomography (PET) avid or measurable disease by computed tomography (CT) scan defined as at least 1 lesion that measures \> 2 cm in a single dimension * Significant bone marrow and/or peripheral blood involvement by NHL (i.e. leukemic phase) as determined by the investigator * Patients with Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) are exempt from this requirement if they have symptomatic hyperviscosity or clinically relevant cytopenias and elevated serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) * Patients must have adequate bone marrow reserve as indicated by an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) \> 1.500/mm\^3 and platelet count \> 150.000/mm\^3 if no bone marrow involvement; however, if there is significant lymphoma/leukemia bone marrow infiltration, no pre-existing hematologic parameters must be met * Patients must have a performance status of 0, 1, or 2 according to Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group * Serum creatinine \< 2.0 mg/dL or estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) \> 60 mL/min * Serum bilirubin =\< 1.5 × upper limit of normal (ULN) * Aspartate transaminase (AST)/alanine transaminase (ALT) =\< 2.5 × ULN * Alkaline phosphatase =\< 2.5 × ULN * Female patients of childbearing potential must have a negative serum pregnancy test within 2 weeks prior to enrollment * Male and female patients must agree to use an effective contraceptive method during the study and for a minimum of 6 months after study treatment
Exclusion criteria
* Significant hypersensitivity to cladribine or vorinostat; hypersensitivity to rituximab infusion is not an exclusion criterion; however, appropriate changes to infusion schedules will be made based on current or prior reactions * Current concomitant chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or immunotherapy other than as specified in the protocol * Patients with a diagnosis of a relapsed/refractory aggressive cluster of differentiation antigen 20 (CD20)+ B-cell neoplasm defined as Burkitt's lymphoma or diffuse large B-cell lymphoma * A diagnosis of acute lymphoplasmic leukemia, and lymphoblastic lymphoma * Use of investigational agents or any anticancer therapy within 2 weeks before study entry with the exception of hydroxyurea and steroids; the patient must have recovered from all acute toxicities from any previous therapy * Have any other severe concurrent disease, or have a history of serious organ dysfunction or disease involving the heart, kidney, liver, or other organ system that may place the patient at undue risk to undergo treatment * Patients with a systemic fungal, bacterial, viral, or other infection not controlled (defined as exhibiting ongoing signs/symptoms related to the infection and without improvement, despite appropriate antibiotics or other treatment) * Pregnant or lactating patients * Any significant concurrent disease, illness, or psychiatric disorder that would compromise patient safety or compliance, interfere with consent, study participation, follow up, or interpretation of study results * Patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) associated complex are not eligible for treatment * Patients with active hepatitis B or C are not eligible for the study * Patients taking other histone deacetylases (HDAC) inhibitors; for example, patients taking valproic acid, there must be a 14 day washout period prior to enrollment in this study
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Objective Response Rate | 2 years | ORR defined as the percentage of patients who achieved a complete response (CR) or a partial response (PR). Assessed per the revised Cheson criteria. Response definitions per revised International Working Group Response Criteria. 95% confidence interval will be provided. Definitions: Complete response (CR) = disappearance of all evidence of disease; Partial response (PR) = regression of measurable disease and no new sites. |
| Tolerability of Treatment | 6 months | Tolerability is determined to be the percentage of patients who completed the full duration of treatment (all 6 cycles) regardless of adverse event status. % tolerability shows the rate of patients that tolerated the treatment for the full duration. |
| Toxicities as Assessed Using the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) Version 4.0 | 6 months | Toxicity is determined percentage of patients that experienced an adverse event (AE) grade 3 or higher during the time frame, assessed using the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 4.0. Grade refers to the severity of the AE increasing from Grade 1 to 5. Generally, Grade 1 = Mild; Grade 2 = Moderate; Grade 3 = Severe or medically significant but not immediately life-threatening; Grade 4 = Life-threatening consequences; Grade 5 = Death related to AE. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Progression-free Survival | Up to 5 years | Time from treatment start until disease progression or death. Estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. A logrank test will be used to compare progression-free survival between Group I and Group II. A p-value less that 0.05 will be considered statistically significant. |
| Scientific Correlates | Baseline | Perform scientific correlates to determine if SCR treatment a) is associated with global and gene specific changes in transcription of mRNAs and MiRNAs b) is acting as an inhibitor of DNA methylation c) is activating or silencing specific genes or miRNAs. Outcome not evaluated due to technical challenges collecting the data, and lack of budget and personnel to complete the analysis. |
| Event-free Survival | Up to 5 years | Time from treatment start until disease progression, death, or discontinuation of treatment for adverse event (toxicity) Estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. A logrank test will be used to compare progression-free survival between Group I and Group II. A p-value less that 0.05 will be considered statistically significant. |
| Contribution (if Any) of DNA Methylation/Histone Deacetylation | Up to 2 years | Determine the contribution (if any) of DNA methylation/histone deacetylation to disease progression and/or response to SCR combination chemotherapy. Outcome not evaluated due to technical challenges collecting the data, and lack of budget and personnel to complete the analysis. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Previously Untreated Patients enrolled with untreated, newly diagnosed mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) or chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) \[Group I\].
Patients receive 400 mg vorinostat PO on days 1-14, 5 mg/m\^2 cladribine IV over 2 hours on days 1-5, and 375 mg/m\^2 rituximab IV on day 3 (weekly for the first course). Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 6 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. | 39 |
| Relapsed Patients with relapsed disease including indolent Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma (NHL), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), or chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) \[Group II\].
Patients receive 400 mg vorinostat PO on days 1-14, 5 mg/m\^2 cladribine IV over 2 hours on days 1-5, and 375 mg/m\^2 rituximab IV on day 3 (weekly for the first course). Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 6 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. | 18 |
| Total | 57 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Adverse Event | 9 | 3 |
| Overall Study | Death | 3 | 11 |
| Overall Study | Physician Decision | 3 | 0 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Previously Untreated | Total | Relapsed |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 62 years | 61.5 years | 60 years |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 2 Participants | 2 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 37 Participants | 55 Participants | 18 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 1 Participants | 1 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 1 Participants | 1 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 37 Participants | 55 Participants | 18 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 39 Participants | 57 Participants | 18 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 5 Participants | 8 Participants | 3 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 34 Participants | 49 Participants | 15 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 8 / 39 | 13 / 18 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 28 / 39 | 14 / 18 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 18 / 39 | 9 / 18 |
Outcome results
Primary
Objective Response Rate
ORR defined as the percentage of patients who achieved a complete response (CR) or a partial response (PR). Assessed per the revised Cheson criteria. Response definitions per revised International Working Group Response Criteria. 95% confidence interval will be provided. Definitions: Complete response (CR) = disappearance of all evidence of disease; Partial response (PR) = regression of measurable disease and no new sites.
Time frame: 2 years
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Previously Untreated | Objective Response Rate | 97 percentage of participants |
| Relapsed | Objective Response Rate | 39 percentage of participants |
Primary
Tolerability of Treatment
Tolerability is determined to be the percentage of patients who completed the full duration of treatment (all 6 cycles) regardless of adverse event status. % tolerability shows the rate of patients that tolerated the treatment for the full duration.
Time frame: 6 months
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Previously Untreated | Tolerability of Treatment | 62 percentage of participants |
| Relapsed | Tolerability of Treatment | 22 percentage of participants |
Primary
Toxicities as Assessed Using the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) Version 4.0
Toxicity is determined percentage of patients that experienced an adverse event (AE) grade 3 or higher during the time frame, assessed using the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 4.0. Grade refers to the severity of the AE increasing from Grade 1 to 5. Generally, Grade 1 = Mild; Grade 2 = Moderate; Grade 3 = Severe or medically significant but not immediately life-threatening; Grade 4 = Life-threatening consequences; Grade 5 = Death related to AE.
Time frame: 6 months
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Previously Untreated | Toxicities as Assessed Using the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) Version 4.0 | 90 percentage of participants |
| Relapsed | Toxicities as Assessed Using the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) Version 4.0 | 83 percentage of participants |
Secondary
Contribution (if Any) of DNA Methylation/Histone Deacetylation
Determine the contribution (if any) of DNA methylation/histone deacetylation to disease progression and/or response to SCR combination chemotherapy. Outcome not evaluated due to technical challenges collecting the data, and lack of budget and personnel to complete the analysis.
Time frame: Up to 2 years
Population: Data not collected and the outcome will never be analyzed.
Secondary
Event-free Survival
Time from treatment start until disease progression, death, or discontinuation of treatment for adverse event (toxicity) Estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. A logrank test will be used to compare progression-free survival between Group I and Group II. A p-value less that 0.05 will be considered statistically significant.
Time frame: Up to 5 years
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Previously Untreated | Event-free Survival | 39.0 Months |
| Relapsed | Event-free Survival | 19.5 Months |
p-value: 0.01195% CI: [0.21, 0.84]Log Rank
Secondary
Progression-free Survival
Time from treatment start until disease progression or death. Estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. A logrank test will be used to compare progression-free survival between Group I and Group II. A p-value less that 0.05 will be considered statistically significant.
Time frame: Up to 5 years
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Previously Untreated | Progression-free Survival | NA Months |
| Relapsed | Progression-free Survival | 19.5 Months |
p-value: 0.00295% CI: [0.16, 0.69]Log Rank
Secondary
Scientific Correlates
Perform scientific correlates to determine if SCR treatment a) is associated with global and gene specific changes in transcription of mRNAs and MiRNAs b) is acting as an inhibitor of DNA methylation c) is activating or silencing specific genes or miRNAs. Outcome not evaluated due to technical challenges collecting the data, and lack of budget and personnel to complete the analysis.
Time frame: Baseline
Population: Data not collected and the outcome will never be analyzed.