Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease
Conditions
Keywords
ADPKD
Brief summary
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common single gene disorder that is potentially fatal. ADPKD is caused by mutations in either of two genes (PKD1, PKD2). Cysts begin to develop primarily in renal collecting tubules in utero and continue to form and expand throughout the patient's life. One of the goals of the study is to formulate a water prescription for use in clinical trials to determine the effect of sustained water diuresis on the progression of ADPKD.
Detailed description
The proposed study will devise a quantitative model to estimate the amount of water an individual would need to ingest in order to lower the 24 h mean urine osmolality to a level below plasma (\ 285 mOsm/Kg). This osmolality goal is chosen because the 24h median urine osmolality of humans is ordinarily \ 753 mOsm/Kg, much greater than 285 mosm/Kg (6, 7). In other words, normal humans are usually anti-diuretic during waking hours and while asleep. Median 24h urine volume is \ 1225 ml (range 1051 - 2270). In temperate climates the insensible losses of water in sweat, respiration and stool are nearly balanced by the water ingested in solid and semi-solid foods and derived from metabolism. Thus, daily urine volume measured upon arising in the morning is a reasonably good indicator of the volume of fluids drunk over the preceding 24 h.
Interventions
OTHERWater prescription
Water prescription in 12 to 16 equally divided doses
Sponsors
University of Kansas
Study design
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 50 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* ADPKD verified by ultrasound, CT or MRI, family history or physical exam * Normal creatinine clearance, calculated by Cockroft-Gault formulat * Good general health * Controlled blood pressure, \< 140/90 * Absence of urinary tract symptoms such as dysuria, hesitancy, diminished flow
Exclusion criteria
* Azotemia * Uncontrolled hypertension * Urinary tract symptoms, dysuria, hesitancy, diminished flow, gross hematuria * Diabetes mellitus, cancer, hematologic disorder * Unable to follow directions * Solitary kidney * History of CHF, liver dysfunction or hyponatremia * Currently taking diuretics * Nephrotic range proteinuria (3.5 g/day)
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Percentage of mean urine osmolality decreased from baseline | Day 3, 4, 5 |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Number of individuals who have an average daily solute excretion within 16.5% of baseline | End of study |
| Number of individuals whose average total urine volume is within 18% of baseline. | End of study |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed