Postoperative Pain
Conditions
Keywords
Postoperative analgesia, Opioids, Laparoscopic surgery
Brief summary
Fast awakening from anesthesia is one of the major characteristics of remifentanil-associated anesthetic induction and maintenance, whereas corresponding pain during awakening influences patient's rehabilitation strongly. In addition, such early postoperative pain results in significant stress responses, which displays as further release of stress hormones such as cortisol and β-endorphin as well. How to prevent such acute pain resulting from remifentanil's fast metabolism endows clinical significance. This study is designed to compare the analgesic efficacy of fentanyl, sufentanil and butorphanol delivered after gynecological laparoscopic surgeries that underwent remifentanil induction and maintenance, and investigate corresponding influence on the levels of blood cortisol and β-endorphin.
Interventions
DRUGFentanyl citrate
Fentanyl 0.5 μg/kg delivered intravenously immediate at the end of remifentanil pump finished
Sufentanil 0.05 μg/kg delivered intravenously immediate at the end of remifentanil pump finished
Butorphanol 0.01 mg/kg delivered intravenously immediate at the end of remifentanil pump finished
Sponsors
Nanjing Medical University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
QUADRUPLE (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
19 Years to 45 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
1. ASA physical status I-II 2. Chinese 3. 19-45yr 4. Selective laparoscopic surgeries
Exclusion criteria
1. Allergy to opioids, a history of the use of centrally-acting drugs of any sort, chronic pain and psychiatric diseases records 2. Participants younger than 18 years, older than 45 years or pregnancy was eliminated 3. Due to the significant changes in vital signs might affect cognition of pain and that of sensation, over 20% variation of these records from the baselines or below 92% of SpO2 under 20-40% nasal tube oxygen at any time should be excluded from the study 4. Those who were not willing to or could not finish the whole study at any time
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| VAS ratings of pain | 0 min after awake from anesthesia; 5,10,15,20 and 30min after awake from anesthesia |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Hemodynamics of patients | 30min before operation; every 10min during operation; 5,10,15,20,30 and 60min after operation |
| Sedative ratings with VAS system | 0,5,10,15,25,45 and 60min after awake from anesthesia |
| Overall VAS satisfaction ratings | 1 h after operation |
| Blood cortisol and β-endorphin levels | 0, 10min before the end of surgeries, 10min, 1h and 6h after operation |
| Side effects | 1 h after operation |
Countries
China
Outcome results
None listed