Kidney Disease
Conditions
Keywords
contrast, ct, cat scan, kidney, nephrotoxicity, Computerized Emission Tomography
Brief summary
The purpose of this study is to determine if one CT contrast agent (medication injected into a vein; used in CT examinations to help produce clearer images) is safer to use than another. This study will compare the safety of two widely-used, U.S. FDA approved contrast agents, Isovue and Omnipaque. The investigators hypothesize that there is no significant difference in the rates of contrast-induced nephrotoxicity (CIN) between these agents when the overall population consists of low-risk patients.
Detailed description
For patients without known kidney disease, it is exceptionally rare for the administration of CT contrast agents to injure the kidneys, and those rare injuries that do occur are almost always temporary (a week or two) and heal. Indeed, significant injuries are so rare that the kidney function in patients is not routinely checked after they receive CT contrast agents. There are many brands of contrast media in common use across the United States, and it has been thought in the past that all are similarly low in risk. The purpose of this study is to examine whether two different contrast materials might differ in their risk to the kidneys. We will perform a direct comparison of Omnipaque-300 (iohexol, 300 mg I/ml) and Isovue-300 (Iopamidol, 300 mg I/ml) low osmolality contrast agents to determine their relative CIN rates (as measured by serum creatinine concentration) in low-risk patients.
Interventions
PROCEDUREBlood work
Prior to having the clinically scheduled CT examination the subject will have blood work drawn. This blood work will give the investigators a baseline value of the basic kidney function of the subject. They will then have blood work done again at 2 days and again at 3 days following the CT examination. Some patients, based on their blood work obtained at 2 and 3 days after the CT examination, will be asked to have blood work performed at 7 days after their CT examination.
Sponsors
GE Healthcare
University of Michigan
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
DIAGNOSTIC
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Patients 18 years of age and older * Patients referred for a contrast-enhanced CT examination. Such contrast- enhanced CT examinations include, but are not limited to, certain examinations of the head, neck, chest, abdomen, pelvis, etc.
Exclusion criteria
* Patients less than age of 18 years of age * Pregnant patients * Patients unable to provide written informed consent * Patients in whom there are contraindications to the administration of intravenous contrast material (as detailed in out Department of Radiology intravenous contrast material use guidelines), including renal contraindications (such as a University of Michigan laboratory record of most recent serum creatinine concentration of \>1.5 mg/dl or an estimated glomerular filtration rate (EGFR) \<60 ml/min); if no serum creatinine is available, patients will be receive contrast material based on departmental guidelines * Patients who are undergoing therapy with agents purported to reduce the risk of CIN (such as acetylcysteine, theophylline, or intravenous hydration) * Patients who are unable to provide the follow-up serum creatinine concentration measurements * Patients undergoing CT examinations that utilize a higher concentration of iodine (for example, 370 mg I/ml contrast material) * Patients who have experienced allergic-like reactions to contrast; including patients who receive corticosteroid/antihistamine premedication to reduce the risk of an acute allergic-like reaction * Patients who do not receive the study criterion for dose of contrast material; and patients in whom a contrast extravasation of more than 5 ml occurs (so that it is not possible to determine how much contrast material the patient received as a direct intravenous injection) * Patients participating in other investigational drug, contrast material, or device trials
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The primary outcome is the change in serum creatinine concentration from the baseline obtained immediately prior to contrast administration. | 48 and 72 hours from the baseline exam |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| We will also identify the number of patients in each group who develop CIN. Two separate CIN definitions will be utilized, including a rise in serum creatinine of 0.5 mg/dl from baseline and a rise in serum creatinine of 25% or greater from baseline. | 48 and 72 hours from the baseline exam |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed