Dyslipidemia, Atherosclerosis
Conditions
Keywords
intima-media-thickness, dyslipidemia, progression of atherosclerosis, peripheral artery disease, major cardiovascular events
Brief summary
Dyslipidaemia is characterized by low plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), elevated triglycerides and an increase in low density lipoprotein (LDL-c) particles, and has been unequivocally established as a most important cardiovascular risk factor. While statins are effective in reducing plasma levels of LDL-c, these drugs have only modest effects on raising HDL-c (typically by less than 10%), even with aggressive statin therapy. However, increasing evidence suggests that low HDL-c might be at least as relevant as high LDL-c in promoting the development and progression of atherosclerosis. The beneficial effect of raising HDL-c on clinical outcome has already been demonstrated by several studies. Nicotinic acid is the most potent agent available for raising plasma levels of HDL-c by up to 29% at clinically recommended doses, and substantially lowers triglycerides and LDL-c. Furthermore, nicotinic acid is also the most potent lipid lowering agent available that reduces Lp(a), an independent marker of cardiovascular risk. In a recent study patients with coronary artery disease had a 21% increase in HDL-c and a 13% decrease in triglycerides, and these beneficial effects on lipid status may have contributed to a stabilization or regression of carotid intima-media-thickness (IMT).The impact in patients with advanced atherosclerosis like peripheral artery disease (PAD) in unknown. The investigators hypothesized that nicotinic acid in addition to statin therapy may inhibit progression of peripheral arterial atherosclerosis. Therefore, the aim of the present randomized controlled trial is to investigate the effects of nicotinic acid (daily dose starting with 500 mg, up to 2000mg) in addition to simvastatin (40 mg daily) versus simvastatin (40mg daily) monotherapy in patients with low serum HDL-C levels and PAD with respect to changes of carotid and femoral IMT, changes of patients´ lipid status and occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).
Interventions
DRUGsimvastatin
simvastatin 40 mg
DRUGNicotinic Acid
daily dose starting with 500 mg, up to 2000mg
Sponsors
Medical University of Vienna
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* PAD defined as an ABI ≤0.9 or \>1.3 in patients with low serum HDL cholesterol levels (\<45mg/dL in men, \<55 mg/dL in women)
Exclusion criteria
* Elevated liver enzymes (above 2 times the normal level) * Skeletal muscle myopathy or elevated serum CK levels * Allergy or hypersensibility to either statins or nicotinic acid * Women of childbearing potential
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| change of carotid and femoral IMT from baseline to 6 and 12 months follow up and occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) | 6 and 12 months |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| changes of grey scale median (GSM) score from baseline to follow-up, and changes of serum levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), triglycerides and lipoprotein (a). | 6 and 12 months |
Countries
Austria
Outcome results
None listed