Evaluating the Impact of Cerebral Ischemic And Degenerative Changes On Cognition

Cognitive Decline

Cognitive Functions, Brain Ischemia, Cerebral Atrophy, Dementia, Intracranial atherosclerosis, Memory impairment

The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether or not cerebral atrophy scores obtained from a brain MRI can correlate with Cognitive Test results. These results hope to demonstrate a link between cerebral ischemic/degenerative changes shown on the MRI and cognition functions results.

Preliminary evidence indicates that intracranial atherosclerosis may predict incident cerebrovascular events and central atrophy. Age induced changes on cerebral tissue in adulthood is witnessed as atrophy and well know ischemic changes on imaging studies. There is no consensus at this time what constitutes normal, age induced atrophy and pathologic atrophy on imaging studies. The same challenge is also encountered for ischemic cerebral parenchymal change. Until recently there have been several important limitations in this research 1) Measurement of cerebral tissue loss and amount of ischemic insult was based on a qualitative grading (2) There was no cognitive testing. With Advancements in software technology that have now allowed for measurements of CSF and brain volumes in reliable and reproducible ways and the neuroradiologist having access to the subject's Neurological Cognitive Testing Scores, this study will objectively measure MRI findings and correlate them with the level of cognitive function. This study will look at subjects who have undergone cognitive testing from the Neurology Clinic and then referred for an MRI brain exam, as standard of care testing. The MRI information will be acquired by volumetric technique for calculation of brain and CSF volumes and MRI data will be plotted against the cognitive test results. The results of this study will be to correlate quantitative measures of cerebral atrophic and ischemic changes with level of cognition and to establish reliable imaging criteria that can help identify normal, age induced versus pathologic. Information obtained will shed light to cognitive effects and imaging appearance of: Separation of normal age related changes from pathologic states, changes leading to dementia and normal pressure hydrocephalus.

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