Fracture, Smoking Cessation
Conditions
Keywords
Smoking cessation, Acute injury, Musculoskeletal, Postoperative complications
Brief summary
The purpose of this study was to evaluate if an intervention with smoking cessation starting during the acute hospitalization period and continuing during the acute postoperative phase of 6 weeks would reduce the frequency of overall postoperative complications and wound infections in patients with acute musculoskeletal injuries requiring surgical treatment. The secondary aims were to study the short and the long term (1 year) abstinence rate, functional outcome, health related quality of life as well as costs.
Detailed description
Tobacco smoking is a major health problem. The effect of a smoking cessation intervention prior to elective orthopedic surgery has been evaluated previously. However, as far as we know there are no prospective randomized studies investigating the effect of smoking cessation on complication rate in patients with acute musculoskeletal injuries.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALSmoking cessation
Nurses, specifically trained for smoking cession program, contacted the patients at the orthopedic wards and initiated the intervention (stop smoking) within 1-2 days after acute hospitalization. The intervention included one or two personal meetings and weekly phone contacts during 6 weeks with a trained nurse. A phone number to a non-smoking hotline was provided for all patients. The patients were continuously encouraged not to smoke and free nicotine substitution (Nicorette®) was offered those who needed it. No other drug therapy was used.
Sponsors
Region Stockholm
Karolinska Institutet
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 90 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* daily smoker: more than 2 cigarettes per day for at least one year * acute fracture of an extremity, in need of surgical treatment * oral and written consent
Exclusion criteria
* pregnancy * alcohol or drug abuse prohibiting compliance with the study protocol * living outside the county of Stockholm prohibiting follow-up * a severe mental illness including dementia * inability to read and understand Swedish
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Postoperative complications including wound related complications | 6-12 weeks |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Abstinence rate and functional outcome including HRQoL | 1 year |
Outcome results
None listed