Accelerated Phase Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Remission, Blastic Phase Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Remission, Childhood Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 Positive, Chronic Phase Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, Philadelphia Positive Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Philadelphia Positive Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Recurrent Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Recurrent Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Relapsing Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, Untreated Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Untreated Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Conditions
Brief summary
This phase I/II trial is studying the side effects and best way to give nilotinib when given alone or sequentially after imatinib mesylate after donor stem cell transplant in treating patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia or chronic myelogenous leukemia. Nilotinib and imatinib mesylate may stop the growth of cancer cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth.
Detailed description
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: I. To determine the safety of the administration of nilotinib between Day 81 and Day 365 after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in patients with Philadelphia chromosome positive (Ph+) leukemia. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: I. To quantify the breakpoint cluster region (BCR)/Abelson murine leukemia (ABL) transcript load after HCT during tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy in patients with Ph+ leukemia treated sequentially with imatinib (imatinib mesylate) and nilotinib from the time of engraftment. II. To evaluate survival at 1 year in patients with Ph+ leukemia who received sequential imatinib and nilotinib from the time of engraftment. III. To determine if imatinib can be co-administered with nilotinib for patients with rising levels of BCR/ABL on 2 consecutive occasions after HCT. IV. To confirm that imatinib can be delivered at an average daily dose of 400 mg at least 85% of the time in the majority of adults during the first 80 days after HCT. V. To determine whether nilotinib can be administered safely at a daily dose of at least 300 mg (175 mg/m\^2 in children \< 17 years) at least 70% of the time to patients with imatinib resistant Ph+ leukemia during the first 80 days after HCT. VI. To determine treatment efficacy success at 1 year post-transplant as demonstrated by complete hematological remission, absence of Philadelphia chromosome, and not satisfying any of the criteria for treatment failure. OUTLINE: Beginning after engraftment and blood count recovery (21-28 days after allogeneic stem cell transplant), patients with imatinib-sensitive leukemia receive imatinib mesylate orally (PO) once daily (QD) until day 80 and then nilotinib PO twice daily (BID) on days 81-445. Patients with imatinib-resistant leukemia receive nilotinib PO BID beginning after engraftment and blood count recovery until day 445. Treatment continues in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up periodically.
Interventions
DRUGnilotinib
Given PO
DRUGimatinib mesylate
Given PO
OTHERpharmacological study
Correlative studies
Sponsors
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Body surface area \>= 1 m\^2 * Allogeneic HCT * Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) or chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) characterized by the p190 and/or p210 BCR/ABL gene rearrangement * CML in accelerated phase, blast crisis, or blast crisis remission as defined by World Health Organization (WHO) criteria * CML in chronic phase if patient age =\< 17 years or a patient of any age with CML in second chronic phase or beyond * Patients with minimal residual disease (MRD) that is not declining in response to tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy must be screened for the T315I and other mutations * An appropriately matched related or unrelated donor * Signed informed consent * Patient must have a life expectancy of at least 2 months * Stated willingness of the patient to comply with study procedures and reporting requirements * Creatinine =\< 2.0 x upper limit normal (ULN) * Platelets \> 20 x 10\^9 /L * Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) =\< 3 x ULN, conjugated bilirubin \< 3 x ULN * Serum potassium phosphorus, magnesium, and calcium \>= lower limit normal (LLN) or correctable with supplements prior to first dose of study drug; calcium levels may be corrected for hypoalbuminemia * Serum amylase and lipase \< 1.5 x ULN * Female patients of childbearing potential must have negative pregnancy test within 7 days before initiation of study drug dosing; postmenopausal women must be amenorrheic for at least 12 months to be considered of non-childbearing potential; male and female patients of reproductive potential must agree to employ an effective barrier method of birth control throughout the study and for up to 3 months following discontinuation of study drug * Careful rationalization with a view to discontinuing or considering alternatives to any concomitant medications that have potential to prolong the QT interval
Exclusion criteria
* Autologous transplant * Non-myeloablative transplant * Patient age \> 17 years with CML in first chronic phase * Aberrant antigen expression on marrow leukemic blasts \>= 5% by multidimensional flow cytometric assay immediately before conditioning (CML patients in chronic phase exempt from flow cytometry screening) * Ph+ ALL without complete cytogenetic remission immediately before conditioning * Known T315I mutation * Hypersensitivity to Gleevec or Tasigna * Patients who are Tasigna-resistant or intolerant * Central nervous system (CNS) involvement with leukemia at baseline (pre-imatinib therapy); CML chronic phase (CP), accelerated phase (AP) patients exempt from CNS involvement screening * Female patients who are pregnant, breast-feeding, or of childbearing potential without a negative serum pregnancy test at screening; male or female patients of childbearing potential unwilling to use effective contraceptive precautions throughout the trial; post-menopausal women must be amenorrheic for at least 12 months to be considered of non-childbearing potential * Life expectancy severely limited by diseases other than leukemia * Myocardial infarction within one year prior to starting nilotinib * Other clinically significant heart disease (e.g. congestive heart failure, uncontrolled hypertension, unstable angina) * Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) less than 1500 per microliter at study entry despite the use of filgrastim (G-CSF) * Impaired cardiac function, including any one of the following: * Complete left bundle branch block or bifascicular block (right bundle branch block plus left anterior hemiblock) or use of ventricular-paced pacemaker * Congenital long QT syndrome or a family history of long QT syndrome * History of or presence of significant ventricular or atrial tachyarrhythmias * Clinically significant resting bradycardia (\< 50 beats per minute) * Corrected QT interval (QTc) \> 450 milliseconds on screening electrocardiogram (ECG); if QTc \> 450 and electrolytes are not within normal ranges, electrolytes should be corrected and then the patient rescreened for QTc
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Number of Participants With Treatment Safety Failure | Up to 365 days post-transplant | Safety and tolerability of nilotinib therapy in patients with imatinib-sensitive leukemia graded according to the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0. Treatment safety failure is defined for a patient with imatinib sensitive Ph+ leukemia as the inability to be able to deliver at least 400 milligrams per day of nilotinib in adults, and 230 milligrams/m2 per day in children, for at least 85% of the time interval between 81 and 365 days after transplant. The overall study will be considered successful if nilotinib is deliverable to more than 75% of the study participants at this minimum specified dose intensity. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| The Proportion of Patients at 1 Year With Treatment Efficacy Success | Up to 1 year | To be considered a treatment efficacy success at 1 year posttransplant, the patient's bone marrow must demonstrate complete hematological remission, absence of Philadelphia chromosomes, and not satisfy any of the criteria for treatment failure (\>/= 1% aberrantly expressing marrow blasts by multiparameter flow cytometry, \>5% BCR/ABL in marrow by fluorescent in situ hybridization, or \>1 log rise in peripheral blood BCR/ABL by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) since day 80). |
| Survival | Up to 3 years | The proportion of study participants alive at 1, 2 and 3 years |
| Patients Alive With Out Relapse | Up to 1 year | The proportion of study participants alive and without hematologic, cytogenetic or molecular evidence of BCR/ABL-positive leukemia at 1 year |
| Relapse | 1 and 3 years | The proportion of patients with hematologic, cytogenetic or molecular relapse of BCR/ABL-positive leukemia |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Single Arm Nilotinib Relapse Prophylaxis Beginning after engraftment and blood count recovery (21 to 28 days after allogeneic stem cell transplant), patients with imatinib-sensitive leukemia receive imatinib mesylate PO QD until day 80 and then nilotinib PO BID on days 81-445. Patients with imatinib-resistant leukemia receive nilotinib PO BID beginning after engraftment and blood count recovery until day 445. Treatment continues in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. | 40 |
| Total | 40 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 |
|---|---|---|
| From Consent to Engraftment | ANC<1500, plts<20K or hyperbilirubinemia | 4 |
| From Consent to Engraftment | Corrected QT interval (QTc) >450 msec | 2 |
| From Consent to Engraftment | Critically ill | 2 |
| From Consent to Engraftment | Miscellaneous (unanticipated) other | 2 |
| From Consent to Engraftment | Myocardial infarction | 1 |
| From Consent to Engraftment | Progressive leukemia | 6 |
| From Engraftment to Study Completion | Acute respiratory distress syndrome | 1 |
| From Engraftment to Study Completion | Adenocarcinoma | 1 |
| From Engraftment to Study Completion | Dyspnea (unrelated to nilotinib) | 1 |
| From Engraftment to Study Completion | Failed pre-1st dose criteria | 11 |
| From Engraftment to Study Completion | Liver GVHD | 1 |
| From Engraftment to Study Completion | Non-compliance | 2 |
| From Engraftment to Study Completion | Relapse (1 Central Nervous System, 3 BM) | 4 |
| From Engraftment to Study Completion | Suicide | 1 |
| From Engraftment to Study Completion | Toxicity attributed to Nilotinib | 5 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Single Arm Nilotinib Relapse Prophylaxis |
|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 42.5 years |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 4 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 36 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 3 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 33 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 40 participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 15 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 25 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk |
|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 9 / 40 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 31 / 40 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 20 / 40 |
Outcome results
Primary
Number of Participants With Treatment Safety Failure
Safety and tolerability of nilotinib therapy in patients with imatinib-sensitive leukemia graded according to the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0. Treatment safety failure is defined for a patient with imatinib sensitive Ph+ leukemia as the inability to be able to deliver at least 400 milligrams per day of nilotinib in adults, and 230 milligrams/m2 per day in children, for at least 85% of the time interval between 81 and 365 days after transplant. The overall study will be considered successful if nilotinib is deliverable to more than 75% of the study participants at this minimum specified dose intensity.
Time frame: Up to 365 days post-transplant
Population: Critical to note are two intention-to-treat populations: the 1st (N=57) at time of consent, evolved into the second ITT population (N=40), because 17 subjects lost eligibility to begin relapse prophylaxis at engraftment. A 2nd wave of discontinuations occurred at or after Day 81 when all patients were to be switched from imatinib to nilotinib.
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Single Arm Nilotinib Relapse Prophylaxis | Number of Participants With Treatment Safety Failure | 13 Participants |
Secondary
Patients Alive With Out Relapse
The proportion of study participants alive and without hematologic, cytogenetic or molecular evidence of BCR/ABL-positive leukemia at 1 year
Time frame: Up to 1 year
Population: Proportion alive without relapse among the total number of patients with minimal residual disease follow-up data
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Single Arm Nilotinib Relapse Prophylaxis | Patients Alive With Out Relapse | 29 Participants |
Secondary
Relapse
The proportion of patients with hematologic, cytogenetic or molecular relapse of BCR/ABL-positive leukemia
Time frame: 1 and 3 years
Population: Proportion of patients with hematologic, cytogenetic or molecular relapse of BCR/ABL-positive leukemia among those who did not die from non-relapse causes during the first year, and first 3-years after transplant.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Single Arm Nilotinib Relapse Prophylaxis | Relapse | Proportion with relapse at 1 year | 5 Participants |
| Single Arm Nilotinib Relapse Prophylaxis | Relapse | Proportion with relapse at 3 years | 6 Participants |
Secondary
Survival
The proportion of study participants alive at 1, 2 and 3 years
Time frame: Up to 3 years
Population: Overall Survival (complete follow-up is available out to three years for all patients)
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Single Arm Nilotinib Relapse Prophylaxis | Survival | Overall Survival at 1 year | 31 Participants |
| Single Arm Nilotinib Relapse Prophylaxis | Survival | Overal Survival at 2 years | 28 Participants |
| Single Arm Nilotinib Relapse Prophylaxis | Survival | Overall Survival at 3 years | 28 Participants |
Secondary
The Proportion of Patients at 1 Year With Treatment Efficacy Success
To be considered a treatment efficacy success at 1 year posttransplant, the patient's bone marrow must demonstrate complete hematological remission, absence of Philadelphia chromosomes, and not satisfy any of the criteria for treatment failure (\>/= 1% aberrantly expressing marrow blasts by multiparameter flow cytometry, \>5% BCR/ABL in marrow by fluorescent in situ hybridization, or \>1 log rise in peripheral blood BCR/ABL by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) since day 80).
Time frame: Up to 1 year
Population: The analysis population was considered in two ways: first the number of treatment success in the entire cohort (by intention to treat), and second the number of treatment successes among only those patients who did not die before 1 year from non-relapse mortality.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Single Arm Nilotinib Relapse Prophylaxis | The Proportion of Patients at 1 Year With Treatment Efficacy Success | By intention to treat | 29 Participants |
| Single Arm Nilotinib Relapse Prophylaxis | The Proportion of Patients at 1 Year With Treatment Efficacy Success | Excluding early non-relapse deaths | 29 Participants |