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Randomized Study Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Varenicline Tartrate to Placebo in Smoking Cessation When Subjects Are Allowed to Set Their Own Quit Date

A Phase 4, Prospective, Multi-National, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study To Evaluate Smoking Cessation With Varenicline Tartrate Compared With Placebo In The Setting Of Patient Self-Selected (Flexible) Quit Date

Status
Completed
Phases
Phase 4
Study type
Interventional
Source
ClinicalTrials.gov
Registry ID
NCT00691483
Enrollment
659
Registered
2008-06-05
Start date
2008-09-30
Completion date
2009-12-31
Last updated
2015-11-20

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Smoking Cessation

Keywords

smoking cessation, smoking treatment, patient self-selected quit date

Brief summary

The hypothesis is that varenicline will be effective (compared with placebo) for smoking cessation when subjects are allowed to set their own quit date within the first 5 weeks of treatment.

Interventions

DRUGplacebo

placebo tablet taken orally twice daily for 12 weeks

DRUGvarenicline

varenicline tablets, 1 mg taken orally twice daily for 12 weeks

Sponsors

Pfizer
Lead SponsorINDUSTRY

Study design

Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
TRIPLE (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator)

Eligibility

Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 75 Years
Healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

* Men and women * 18 to 75 yrs old * Motivated to stop smoking * Smoke at least 10 cigarettes/day

Exclusion criteria

* Active psychiatric disease * Severe or unstable cardiovascular or pulmonary disease * Current or recent treatment to stop smoking * Previous use of varenicline

Design outcomes

Primary

MeasureTime frameDescription
Percentage of Participants With 4-week Continuous Abstinence (CA)Week 9 through Week 12The percentage of participants who reported complete abstinence from cigarette smoking and other nicotine use (on the Nicotine Use Inventory) and who did not have carbon monoxide (CO) \>10 parts per million (ppm) at any visits Week 9 through Week 12. A participant was considered a responder if they met the following criterion: said they had not smoked or used nicotine products 'since the last visit' and did not have CO \>10 ppm.

Secondary

MeasureTime frameDescription
Percentage of Participants With Continuous Abstinence (CA) From Smoking Weeks 9-24Week 9 through Week 24Percentage of participants with CA from cigarette smoking and other nicotine-containing (treatment phase) or tobacco (non-treatment phase) products use, who did not have CO \>10 ppm at any visits Week 9 through Week 24. A participant was considered a responder if they met the following criterion: said they had not smoked or used nicotine products 'since the last visit' and did not have CO \>10 ppm.
Percentage of Participants With Long Term Quit Through Week 24Week 9 through Week 24Responder for the primary endpoint of CA from Week 9 through Week 12 and who had no more than 6 days of smoking during the non-treatment phase of the study. For Weeks 13, 16, 20, and 24, long term quit was determined by CO-confirmed in-clinic visit.
Percentage of Participants With 7-day Point Prevalence of Nonsmoking (Smoking Cessation)Week 12 and Week 24Percentage of participants with complete abstinence from cigarette smoking or other nicotine-containing (treatment phase) or tobacco (non-treatment phase) products use for the 7 days prior to Week 12 and Week 24, respectively, who did not have CO \>10 ppm at any visits. CO-confirmed in-clinic visit.
Percentage of Participants With 4-week Point Prevalence of NonsmokingWeek 24Percentage of participants with complete abstinence from cigarette smoking or use of tobacco products for the 4 weeks prior to Week 24 who did not have CO \>10 ppm at any visits.

Other

MeasureTime frameDescription
Change From Baseline in Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) to Day of First Quit Attempt (FQA) Through Week 5 by Smoking Status at Weeks 9-12Baseline through Week 5Change in nicotine dependence from baseline to the date of the FQA within the first 5 weeks. FTND was designed to provide an ordinal measure of nicotine dependence related to cigarette smoking. It contains items that evaluate the quantity of cigarette consumption, the compulsion to use, and dependence. The FTND contains 4 yes-no and 2 multiple choice questions and can be used in a self-report format. The items on FTND are scored 0 to 3 for multiple choice items, the items are summed to yield a total score of 0-10 (0=minimum nicotine dependence; 10=maximum nicotine dependence).

Countries

Argentina, Brazil, Canada, China, Czechia, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Mexico, South Korea, Taiwan, United Kingdom, United States

Participant flow

Participants by arm

ArmCount
Varenicline
Varenicline 0.5 mg administered QD for the first 3 days followed by 0.5 mg varenicline BID for the next 4 days, then 1 mg varenicline BID for the remaining 11 weeks (treatment phase). Blinded study drug was discontinued at the Week 12 visit and was followed by a non-treatment phase to Week 24.
486
Placebo
Placebo matched to varenicline.
165
Total651

Withdrawals & dropouts

PeriodReasonFG000FG001
Overall StudyAdverse Event146
Overall StudyLost to Follow-up1710
Overall StudyOther known cause61
Overall StudyRandomized by not treated71
Overall StudyWithdrawal by Subject247

Baseline characteristics

CharacteristicTotalPlaceboVarenicline
Age, Customized
>= 65 years
37 Participants8 Participants29 Participants
Age, Customized
Between 18 and 44 years
341 Participants93 Participants248 Participants
Age, Customized
Between 45 and 64 years
273 Participants64 Participants209 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
259 Participants66 Participants193 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
392 Participants99 Participants293 Participants

Adverse events

Event typeEG000
affected / at risk
EG001
affected / at risk
deaths
Total, all-cause mortality
— / —— / —
other
Total, other adverse events
297 / 48679 / 165
serious
Total, serious adverse events
6 / 4861 / 165

Outcome results

Primary

Percentage of Participants With 4-week Continuous Abstinence (CA)

The percentage of participants who reported complete abstinence from cigarette smoking and other nicotine use (on the Nicotine Use Inventory) and who did not have carbon monoxide (CO) \>10 parts per million (ppm) at any visits Week 9 through Week 12. A participant was considered a responder if they met the following criterion: said they had not smoked or used nicotine products 'since the last visit' and did not have CO \>10 ppm.

Time frame: Week 9 through Week 12

Population: Full analysis set (FAS): took at least 1 dose, including partial doses, of randomized study drug. Missing CO measurements imputed as =\<10 ppm. Missing visit(s) imputed based on next available visit. Subjects who discontinued study and were lost to follow up were assumed smokers. Missing data not imputed from other weekly interview questions.

ArmMeasureValue (NUMBER)
VareniclinePercentage of Participants With 4-week Continuous Abstinence (CA)53.9 Percentage of participants
PlaceboPercentage of Participants With 4-week Continuous Abstinence (CA)19.4 Percentage of participants
Comparison: Sample size to be based on a continuity-corrected Chi-square 2-sided test with a 0.05 significance level and a 3:1 randomization ratio of Varenicline to placebo. 652 subjects to provide \>=90% power to detect Varenicline versus placebo differences in primary and key secondary efficacy endpoints (assuming placebo CA rates of 0.24 \[Weeks 9-12\] and 0.18 \[Weeks 9-24\] and Varenicline CA rates of 0.46 \[Weeks 9-12\] and 0.31 \[Weeks 9-24\]) (odds ratio of \>=2.67 \[Weeks 9-12\] and \>=2.10 \[Weeks 9-24\]).p-value: <0.000195% CI: [3.8, 9.56]Regression, Logistic
Secondary

Percentage of Participants With 4-week Point Prevalence of Nonsmoking

Percentage of participants with complete abstinence from cigarette smoking or use of tobacco products for the 4 weeks prior to Week 24 who did not have CO \>10 ppm at any visits.

Time frame: Week 24

Population: FAS. Missing inventory interview questions of whether the subject had smoked or used any other tobacco products in the last 4 weeks were not imputed. Missing CO was imputed as =\<10 ppm.

ArmMeasureValue (NUMBER)
VareniclinePercentage of Participants With 4-week Point Prevalence of Nonsmoking42.0 Percentage of participants
PlaceboPercentage of Participants With 4-week Point Prevalence of Nonsmoking17.0 Percentage of participants
Comparison: Statistical testing to be 2-sided and use a 0.05 level of significance. Confidence intervals to have a 95% confidence level. Statistical significance to be declared unless a p-value \>0.05 was obtained.p-value: <0.000195% CI: [2.58, 6.67]Regression, Logistic
Secondary

Percentage of Participants With 7-day Point Prevalence of Nonsmoking (Smoking Cessation)

Percentage of participants with complete abstinence from cigarette smoking or other nicotine-containing (treatment phase) or tobacco (non-treatment phase) products use for the 7 days prior to Week 12 and Week 24, respectively, who did not have CO \>10 ppm at any visits. CO-confirmed in-clinic visit.

Time frame: Week 12 and Week 24

Population: FAS. Missing weekly interview questions of whether the subject had smoked in the last 7 days were not imputed; missing CO was imputed as =\<10 ppm.

ArmMeasureGroupValue (NUMBER)
VareniclinePercentage of Participants With 7-day Point Prevalence of Nonsmoking (Smoking Cessation)Week 1259.5 Percentage of participants
VareniclinePercentage of Participants With 7-day Point Prevalence of Nonsmoking (Smoking Cessation)Week 2443.0 Percentage of participants
PlaceboPercentage of Participants With 7-day Point Prevalence of Nonsmoking (Smoking Cessation)Week 1224.2 Percentage of participants
PlaceboPercentage of Participants With 7-day Point Prevalence of Nonsmoking (Smoking Cessation)Week 2417.6 Percentage of participants
Comparison: Week 12. Statistical testing to be 2-sided and use a 0.05 level of significance. Confidence intervals to have a 95% confidence level. Statistical significance to be declared unless a p-value \>0.05 was obtained.p-value: <0.000195% CI: [3.66, 8.75]Regression, Logistic
Comparison: Week 24. Statistical testing to be 2-sided and use a 0.05 level of significance. Confidence intervals to have a 95% confidence level. Statistical significance to be declared unless a p-value \>0.05 was obtained.p-value: <0.000195% CI: [2.58, 6.58]Regression, Logistic
Secondary

Percentage of Participants With Continuous Abstinence (CA) From Smoking Weeks 9-24

Percentage of participants with CA from cigarette smoking and other nicotine-containing (treatment phase) or tobacco (non-treatment phase) products use, who did not have CO \>10 ppm at any visits Week 9 through Week 24. A participant was considered a responder if they met the following criterion: said they had not smoked or used nicotine products 'since the last visit' and did not have CO \>10 ppm.

Time frame: Week 9 through Week 24

Population: FAS. Missing CO measurements imputed as =\<10 ppm. Missing visit(s) imputed based on next available visit. Subjects who discontinued study and were lost to follow up were assumed smokers. Missing data not imputed from other weekly interview questions.

ArmMeasureValue (NUMBER)
VareniclinePercentage of Participants With Continuous Abstinence (CA) From Smoking Weeks 9-2435.2 Percentage of participants
PlaceboPercentage of Participants With Continuous Abstinence (CA) From Smoking Weeks 9-2412.7 Percentage of participants
Comparison: Sample size to be based on a continuity-corrected Chi-square 2-sided test with a 0.05 significance level and a 3:1 randomization ratio of Varenicline to placebo. 652 subjects to provide \>=90% power to detect Varenicline versus placebo differences in primary and key secondary efficacy endpoints (assuming placebo CA rates of 0.24 \[Weeks 9-12\] and 0.18 \[Weeks 9-24\] and Varenicline CA rates of 0.46 \[Weeks 9-12\] and 0.31 \[Weeks 9-24\]) (odds ratio of \>=2.67 \[Weeks 9-12\] and \>=2.10 \[Weeks 9-24\]).p-value: <0.000195% CI: [2.62, 7.55]Regression, Logistic
Secondary

Percentage of Participants With Long Term Quit Through Week 24

Responder for the primary endpoint of CA from Week 9 through Week 12 and who had no more than 6 days of smoking during the non-treatment phase of the study. For Weeks 13, 16, 20, and 24, long term quit was determined by CO-confirmed in-clinic visit.

Time frame: Week 9 through Week 24

Population: FAS. If the number of days smoked was missing for a subject visit, the CA responder status of the subject at that visit determined the imputation.

ArmMeasureValue (NUMBER)
VareniclinePercentage of Participants With Long Term Quit Through Week 2440.7 Percentage of participants
PlaceboPercentage of Participants With Long Term Quit Through Week 2414.6 Percentage of participants
Comparison: Statistical testing to be 2-sided and use a 0.05 level of significance. Confidence intervals to have a 95% confidence level. Statistical significance to be declared unless a p-value \>0.05 was obtained.p-value: <0.000195% CI: [2.96, 8.13]Regression, Logistic
Other Pre-specified

Change From Baseline in Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) to Day of First Quit Attempt (FQA) Through Week 5 by Smoking Status at Weeks 9-12

Change in nicotine dependence from baseline to the date of the FQA within the first 5 weeks. FTND was designed to provide an ordinal measure of nicotine dependence related to cigarette smoking. It contains items that evaluate the quantity of cigarette consumption, the compulsion to use, and dependence. The FTND contains 4 yes-no and 2 multiple choice questions and can be used in a self-report format. The items on FTND are scored 0 to 3 for multiple choice items, the items are summed to yield a total score of 0-10 (0=minimum nicotine dependence; 10=maximum nicotine dependence).

Time frame: Baseline through Week 5

Population: Number of participants analyzed = participants with FQA through Week 5, excluding 157 participants for whom FTND was not done at the time of FQA (1 participant also had inconsistent FQA date with first dosing date). Analysis done by smoking status at Week 12 (Responder for the primary endpoint of CA Weeks 9-12).

ArmMeasureGroupValue (MEAN)Dispersion
VareniclineChange From Baseline in Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) to Day of First Quit Attempt (FQA) Through Week 5 by Smoking Status at Weeks 9-12Responders-2.3 Units on a scaleStandard Deviation 2.53
VareniclineChange From Baseline in Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) to Day of First Quit Attempt (FQA) Through Week 5 by Smoking Status at Weeks 9-12Non-Responders-2.5 Units on a scaleStandard Deviation 2.55
PlaceboChange From Baseline in Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) to Day of First Quit Attempt (FQA) Through Week 5 by Smoking Status at Weeks 9-12Responders-1.8 Units on a scaleStandard Deviation 1.95
PlaceboChange From Baseline in Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) to Day of First Quit Attempt (FQA) Through Week 5 by Smoking Status at Weeks 9-12Non-Responders-1.8 Units on a scaleStandard Deviation 2.13

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov · Data processed: Feb 4, 2026