Schizophrenia
Conditions
Keywords
MRS, glutamate, osmolality
Brief summary
This study is designed to test the hypothesis that plasma osmolality is linked with cortical glutamate concentrations in the brain. It also investigates whether the glutamate response in schizophrenia is enhanced compared to healthy controls.
Interventions
DRUGfurosemide, Na supplements
furosemide 20 mg, Na supplements 8g in divided doses/day for 5 days
Sponsors
Yale University
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
21 Years to 45 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
for healthy controls 1. Ages of 21-45 years from all ethnic backgrounds. 2. Male or female. 3. Written informed consent. 4. Female subjects will be studied during the follicular phase of their menstrual cycle.\*
Exclusion criteria
for healthy controls 1. DSM-IV diagnosis of psychotic, anxiety, mood disorder. 2. A history of significant medical/neurological disease. Unstable medical condition based on EKG, vital signs, physical examination and laboratory work-up (CBC with differential, SMA-7, LFTs, TFTs, UA, Utox, Urine pregnancy test, folic acid, B12 levels). 3. History of allergies to drugs such as sulfa, multiple adverse drug reactions or known allergy to furosemide. 4. Any medication that in the opinion of the PI could interfere with either the safety of the study and/or the outcome measures, such as over the counter cough suppressants or antihistamines. 5. History of major psychiatric disorder in first-degree relatives. 6. Current substance abuse/dependency determined by plasma and urine toxicology. 7. Current treatment with medications with psychotropic effects. 8. Current pregnancy, unsatisfactory birth control method report for females. 9. Education \< 12th grade. 10. Non-English speaking. Inclusion criteria for patients with schizophrenia 1. Ages of 21-45 years from all ethnic backgrounds. 2. Male or female. 3. Written informed consent. 4. DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. 5. For treated patients: The patient has been on a stable dose of medications (antipsychotics, antidepressants) for the past month and does not require a change of medications or dose adjustment at study entry. 6. For untreated patients: Has refused to be treated with medications, maintains regular clinic appointments with the clinicians, and does not pose an imminent danger to himself or others. 7. Female subjects will be studied during the follicular phase of their menstrual cycle\*.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Cortical glutamate concentration | Baseline and endpoint |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Cognitive function | Baseline and end point |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed