Schizophrenia
Conditions
Keywords
Social Cognition, Group Therapy, Psychosocial Intervention
Brief summary
This study will determine the effectiveness of social cognition and interaction training, a manual-based group therapy program, in helping people with schizophrenia improve their social cognition and social functioning.
Detailed description
Schizophrenia is a serious mental condition that affects approximately 1.1% of adults in the United States. People with schizophrenia experience reality perception impairments, which most commonly manifest as hallucinations, extreme paranoia, social withdrawal, and disordered thinking. Deficits in social functioning are a core feature of schizophrenia. In an effort to improve social functioning, there has been growing interest in identifying factors that underlie psychosocial impairments. One such identified factor has been neurocognition, but treatments that target solely cognitive processes do not always help overall social functioning. Social cognition and interaction training (SCIT), a group-based treatment that aims to improve both processing social information and functioning, may be an effective treatment for enhancing the social skills of people with schizophrenia. This study will compare the effectiveness of SCIT versus treatment as usual (TAU) in helping people with schizophrenia improve their social cognition and social functioning. Participation in this single-blind study will last 11 months. All potential participants will undergo initial screening, involving the completion of a few brief tasks testing social functioning. Eligible participants will then be randomly assigned to receive SCIT plus TAU or TAU alone. Participants assigned to receive SCIT will attend twenty 1-hour weekly group sessions over 5 months. During these sessions, participants will learn ways to manage emotions, work through problems, and integrate into social situations. Participants assigned to TAU alone will meet with their case managers and healthcare provider on an as-needed basis. All participants will undergo assessments of social cognition, social functioning, and psychotic symptoms prior to treatment, immediately post-treatment, and 6 months after treatment. Each assessment will last 3 hours and will include interviews, questionnaires, and a variety of tasks testing social skills. Researchers will also contact a family member or significant other about the participant's social functioning at the same three assessment times noted above.
Interventions
SCIT is a group-based treatment that has the goal of improving social cognition and social functioning for individuals with psychotic disorders. SCIT is composed of three phases: emotion training, figuring out situations, and integration. SCIT will be delivered by two therapists in 20 weekly sessions over 5 months.
BEHAVIORALTreatment as usual (TAU)
TAU will involve routine care and meeting with case-managers and healthcare providers on an as-needed basis.
Sponsors
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Meets DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, based on the Structured Interview of DSM-IV patient version (SCID-P)
Exclusion criteria
* Meets current criteria for substance dependence, based on the SCID-P * Meets criteria for metal retardation (e.g., has an IQ of less than 80) * History of brain injuries * Difficulties interacting with others, based on ratings on items from the Social Functioning Scale that tap interactional skills
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Face Emotion Identification Task (FEIT) | Measured at baseline, post-treatment, and 6-month follow-up |
| Face Emotion Discrimination Task (FEDT) | Measured at baseline, post-treatment, and 6-month follow-up |
| The Hinting Task | Measured at baseline, post-treatment, and 6-month follow-up |
| The Awareness of Social Inference Test (TASIT) | Measured at baseline, post-treatment, and 6-month follow-up |
| Ambiguous Intentions Hostility Questionnaire(AIHQ) | Measured at baseline, post-treatment, and 6-month follow-up |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Overt Social Cognition: A Rating Scale (OSCARS) | Measured at baseline, post-treatment, and 6-month follow-up |
| Beads in the Jar Task | Measured at baseline, post-treatment, and 6-month follow-up |
| Number of Hospital Admissions | Measured at baseline, post-treatment, and 6-month follow-up |
| Lecomte Self-Esteem Scale | Measured at baseline, post-treatment, and 6-month follow-up |
| Quality of Life Scale (QLS) | Measured at baseline, post-treatment, and 6-month follow-up |
| Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) | Measured at baseline, post-treatment, and 6-month follow-up |
| Social Skills Performance Assessment (SSPA) | Measured at baseline, post-treatment, and 6-month follow-up |
| Schizophrenia Cognition Rating Scale (SCoRS) | Measured at baseline, post-treatment, and 6-month follow-up |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed