Fludeoxyglucose F 18 PET Imaging in Determining Protein and Gene Expression Signatures in Patients With Premalignant Polyps or Colon Cancer

Colorectal Cancer, Neoplasm of Uncertain Malignant Potential

neoplasm of uncertain malignant potential, colon cancer

RATIONALE: Diagnostic imaging procedures, such as fludeoxyglucose F 18 PET, may be effective in detecting cancer or recurrence of cancer, or premalignant polyps. PURPOSE: This clinical trial is studying fludeoxyglucose F 18-PET imaging to see how well it works in determining protein and gene expression signatures in patients with premalignant polyps or colon cancer.

OBJECTIVES: Primary * To determine the feasibility of ex-vivo imaging of colon cancer and colon polyps using fludeoxyglucose F 18 positron emission tomography (FDG PET). * To evaluate the differences in molecular and genetic profiles between FDG-positive polyps and FDG-negative polyps to suggest what gene mutations and abnormal mRNA and/or protein expressions may be required for FDG avidity (signature for FDG avidity). Secondary * To evaluate the differences in molecular and genetic profiles between FDG-positive polyps and FDG-positive cancers to suggest what gene mutations and abnormal mRNA and/or protein expressions may be required for cancer formation (signature for cancer). * To evaluate the differences in molecular and genetic profiles between normal colonic mucosa, polyps, and cancer. * To evaluate the differences and similarities in molecular and genetic profiles between FDG-positive cancers and polyps. OUTLINE: Part I: Patients receive fludeoxyglucose F 18 (FDG) IV followed 45-60 minutes later by surgery to remove part or all of the colon. Tissue samples of the colon undergo positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Part II: Tissue samples are analyzed for glucose transporters proteins (Glut-1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7) via IHC; presence of K-ras mutation (invariable mutant site on codon 12, 13) via PCR; 18q deletion via fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) or DCC IHC; MCT-1, Hex-1, Hex-2, and COX-2 expression levels via quantitative RT-PCR method or western blot; APC mutation via PCR- In Vitro Synthesized-Protein Assay or RT-PCR direct sequencing method; p53 mutation detection via immunochemistry, RT-PCR direct sequence methods, and western blot; methylation alteration of MGMT, CDKN2A, HLTF, MLH1, TIMP3, HIF1, BNIP3, and HRK via methylation detecting microchip; and specific gene methylations via methylation-specific PCR. Some tissue samples may be saved and banked for future studies.

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