Bipolar Disorder
Conditions
Keywords
Lamotrigine, Prevention of relapse or recurrence of a mood episode, Bipolar I disorder
Brief summary
This study is planned to objectively assess the efficacy and safety of lamotrigine maintenance therapy after symptoms of mood episode had been stabilised by open-label treatment with lamotrigine alone or in combination with other psychotropic medication in patients with bipolar I disorder.
Interventions
DRUGlamotrigine
lamotrigine 100mg/day or 200mg/day
DRUGPlacebo
placebo once daily
Sponsors
GlaxoSmithKline
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Investigator)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
20 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
At Screening Disease to be studied: Has a diagnosis of following disease as defined by DSM-IV-TR criteria. * Bipolar I Disorder, most recent episode depressed（296.5x） * Bipolar I Disorder, most recent episode hypomanic（296.40） * Bipolar I Disorder, most recent episode manic（296.4x） The diagnosis of mood episode will be made with reference to Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview: M.I.N.I, Japanese Version. At Screening The subject who has a diagnose of bipolar I disorder, most recent episode depressed (296.5x) must meet the following criteria: * Is currently experiencing a major depressive episode or has had a major depressive episode as defined by DSM-IV-TR criteria within 60 days of the screening visit and at least one additional major depressive episode and one manic or hypomanic episode, as defined by DSM-IV-TR criteria, within 3 years of enrolment. A well documented history of a mixed episode that meets DSM-IV-TR criteria may be counted as a previous episode.All subjects must have experienced at least one well-documented manic or mixed episode in the past. * Has a duration of the most recent/current depressive episode of at least 2 weeks but not longer than 12 months prior to enrolment. * The subject without current major depressive episode must have a major depressive episode within 60 days of screening and has depressive symptoms at screening or is under treatment for depressive symptoms, which can be confirmed by medical record, etc. * If the subject is currently experiencing a major depressive episode, the subject must have a minimum total score on the HAM-D (17-item scale) of 18 at the screening. This criterion will not apply to the subject with recent depressive episode. At Screening The subject who has a diagnose of bipolar I disorder, most recent episode hypomanic（296.4x） or bipolar I disorder, most recent episode manic（296.5x） must meet the following criteria: * Has experienced a recent manic or hypomanic episode (current or within 60 days of the Screening Visit) and has had at least one additional manic or hypomanic episode and one depressed episode, as defined by DSM-IV-TR criteria, within three years of enrolment. A well documented history of a mixed episode that meets DSM-IV-TR criteria may be counted as a previous episode. All subjects must have experienced at least one well-documented manic or mixed episode in the past. * Has a duration of the index manic episode of at least 1 week (unless hospitalised) or hypomanic episode of at least 4 days. In neither case should the index episode be more than 12 months in duration. * The subject current experiencing hypomania episode or without current episode must have a manic episode which can be confirmed by medical record, etc. The subject without current episode must have a episode within 60 days of screening and has manic or hypomanic symptomatology is under treatment for manic or hypomanic symptoms. * If the subject's index episode is subject initial manic mood event, subject must have a minimum score of 10 (moderate severity) on the first 11 items of the YMRS at the screening. A threshold YMRS score that indicates significant manic symptoms is not required for patients who previously experienced well-documented DSM-IV-level mania or when the index episode is hypomania or when a subject's index manic or hypomanic episode is documented to have occurred within 60 days of the screening Visit. At Screening Age: Is at least 20 years of age (at the time of informed consent). At Screening Sex: either sex. Female of child-bearing potential will be eligible for inclusion in this study. However they have to have a negative pregnancy test at the screening visit, agree to further pregnancy testing at the time points determined in study assessments and procedures and practice one of the following methods of contraception from the screening visit until the end of the follow-up examination. * Abstinence * Injectable progestogen * Implants of levonorgestrel * Intrauterine device (IUD) or intrauterine system (IUS) that meets the SOP effectiveness criteria as stated in the product label * Male partner sterilization (vasectomy with documentation of azoospermia) prior to the female subject's entry into the study, and this male is the sole partner for that subject * Double barrier method: condom or occlusive cap (diaphragm or cervical / vault caps) plus spermicidal agent (foam /gel / film / cream / suppository) At Screening In/Out patient: Either At Screening Informed consent: the subject capable of giving written informed consent. At Week 0 of First Phase (titration) If the subject is currently experiencing a major depressive episode, the subject must have a minimum total score at baseline on the HAM-D (17-item scale) of 18 at the start of First Phase. This criterion will not apply to the subject with recent depressive episode. At Week 0 of First Phase (titration) If the subject's index episode is subject initial manic mood event, subject must have a minimum total score at baseline of 10 (moderate severity) on the first 11 items of the YMRS at the start of First Phase (titration). A threshold YMRS score that indicates significant manic symptoms is not required for patients who previously experienced well-documented DSM-IV-level mania or when the index episode is hypomania or when a subject's index manic or hypomanic episode is documented to have occurred within 60 days of the screening Visit. At Week 0 of Second Phase (maintenance therapy) Each subject completing 8 to 16 weeks of open-label lamotrigine treatment in the First Phase must meet all of the following inclusion criteria to be eligible for entry into the Second Phase (maintenance therapy, randomization phase). At Week 0 of Second Phase (maintenance therapy) Has no tolerability problem with lamotrigine at a minimum dosage of 100 mg/day during the final 2 weeks of the First Phase (titration). At Week 0 of Second Phase (maintenance therapy) Has improved/stabilised during the First Phase (titration) as indicated by a CGI-S score of ≤3 (mildly ill). Once improved, the subject must also demonstrate sustained improvement by achieving a CGI-S score of ≤3 (mildly ill) for at least 4 consecutive weeks of treatment immediately prior to the Second Phase (maintenance therapy) (randomization). At Week 0 of Second Phase (maintenance therapy) Has demonstrated adequate compliance with the study treatment in the First Phase (titration) (compliance rate: at least 70%). At Week 0 of Second Phase (maintenance therapy) In/Out patient: Either
Exclusion criteria
At Screening Has a DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of rapid cycling and has had more than six mood episodes including depression, mania, hypomania or mixed, in the 12-month period prior to screening. Note: while 4 or more episodes in the past 12 months constitute rapid cycling up to six episodes in the past 12 months are allowed in this protocol. At Screening Has a DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of bipolar I disorder, most recent episode mixed (296.6x). At Screening Has a DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of Axis II which would suggest non-responsiveness to pharmacotherapy for bipolar disorder. At Screening Has a DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of or has received treatment for major depressive disorder, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, social phobia, bulimia nervosa, schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder within 12 months of screening. At Screening Has a history of substance (including alcohol and drugs) dependence within 12 months of screening or abuse within 1 month of screening according to DSM-IV-TR. At Screening Patients whose mood episode is due to direct physiological effects of a general medical condition (for example, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism) At Screening Has a score of 3 or more on item of the HAM-D related to suicide or is at a high suicidal risk in the judgment of the investigator/sub-investigator. At Screening Has a history of severe rash or rash due to anti-epileptic drugs. At Screening Patients with severe hepatic/renal/cardiac/pulmonary disorder or hematopoietic disorder. The severity refers to Grade 3 according to the Classification of the Severity of Adverse Experiences (PAB/SD Notification No. 80, dated 29 June 1992). At Screening Patients have less than 5 years of remission history from clinically significant malignancy (other than e.g. basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer, in-situ carcinoma of cervix or prostate CA in situ). At Screening Patients with chronic hepatitis typeB and /or typeC which is positive of hepatitis B surface antigen （HBsAg）and/or hepatitis C antibody. At Screening Has an acute or chronic illness likely to impair drug absorption, distribution, metabolism or excretion or has any unstable physical symptoms likely to require hospitalisation during participation in the study. At Screening Female patients who are pregnant or lactating, who may be pregnant, or who plan for pregnancy during the study. At Screening Has a history or current diagnosis of epilepsy. At Screening Has a history of treatment with lamotrigine. At Screening Patients with a history of drug allergy to any ingredient of the test-drug. At Screening Has received an investigational drug within 30 days of screening. At Screening Is morbidly obese (Body Mass Index \[BMI\] \>40) BMI = body weight (kg)/height (m2). At Screening Patients whom the investigator or sub-investigator considers ineligible for the study. At Week 0 of First Phase (titration) Has a score of 3 or more on item of the HAM-D related to suicide or is at a high suicidal risk in the judgment of the investigator/sub-investigator and continues .to meet the criteria at the screening visit. At Week 0 of Second Phase (maintenance therapy) Has signs or symptoms of psychosis. At Week 0 of Second Phase (maintenance therapy) Has a score of 3 or more on item of the HAM-D related to suicide or is at a high suicidal risk in the judgment of the investigator/sub-investigator. At Week 0 of Second Phase (maintenance therapy) Has had a change in lamotrigine dosage during the final week of the First Phase (titration). At Week 0 of Second Phase (maintenance therapy) Has a diagnosis of bipolar I disorder, most recent episode of depressed (296.5x) and has experienced manic, hypomanic or mixed symptoms; Has a diagnosis of bipolar I disorder, most recent episode hypomanic (296.40) or most recent episode manic (296.4x) and has experienced depressive symptoms, that require treatment during the First Phase (titration).
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Time to Withdrawal From Study | Randomization to Study Withdrawal (up to Week 26) | The time from randomization to the time at which the participant was withdrawn from the Double-Blind Phase of the study for any reason was measured. No data are reported for the Lamotrigine group because of an incalculable confidence interval. See the outcome measure entitled Number of Participants with a Withdrawal Event for data regarding the number of participants who withdrew from the study. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Time to Intervention for Depressive Episode (TIDep) | Randomization to Study Withdrawal (up to Week 26) | The TIDep was defined as the time from entry into the Randomized Phase to the time of the first prescription of any additional pharmacotherapy or ECT determined by the Investigator to be necessary for treatment of a relapse or recurrence of depression episode. No data are being presented for either treatment group. See the outcome measure entitled Number of Participants with Intervention for Depressive Episode for data related to TIDep. |
| Time to Intervention for Manic, Hypomanic, or Mixed Episode (TIMan) | Randomization to Study Withdrawal (up to Week 26) | The TIMan was defined as the time from entry into the Randomized Phase to the time of the first prescription of any additional pharmacotherapy or ECT determined by the Investigator to be necessary for treatment of the relapse or recurrence of a manic, hypomanic, or mixed episode. No data are being presented for either treatment group. See the outcome measure entitled Number of Participants with Intervention for a Manic, Hypomanic, or Mixed Episode for data related to TIMan. |
| Clinical Global Impressions of Improvement (CGI-I) at Week 26/Withdrawal (Randomized Phase) | Week 26/Withdrawal | The CGI-I is a 7-point scale that assessed the participant's global improvement compared to his/her condition at study entry whether or not, in the judgement of the Investigator, it was due entirely to drug treatment; 0=not assessed, 1= very much improved to 7= very much worse. |
| Clinical Global Impressions of Improvement (CGI-I) at Week 16/Withdrawal (Preliminary Phase) | Week 16/Withdrawal | The CGI-I is a 7-point scale that assessed the participant's global improvement compared to his/her condition at study entry whether or not, in the judgement of the Investigator, it was due entirely to drug treatment; 0=not assessed, 1= very much improved to 7= very much worse. |
| Change From Baseline in Clinical Global Impressions of Severity (CGI-S) Scores at Week 26/Withdrawal (Randomized Phase) | Baseline and Week 26/Withdrawal | The CGI-S is a 7-point scale that assessed the participant's severity of illness based on the total clinical experience of the Investigator with this particular population; 0=not assessed, 1= normal, not at all ill to 7= among the most extremely ill participants. Change from baseline was calculated as the Week 26/Withdrawal value minus the baseline value (at the time of randomization). |
| Time to Intervention for Any Mood Episode (TIME) | Randomization to Study Withdrawal (up to Week 26) | The TIME was defined as the time from entry into the Randomized Phase to the time of the first prescription of any additional pharmacotherapy or electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) determined by the Investigator to be necessary for treatment of a relapse or recurrence of depression or the recurrence of a manic, hypomanic, or mixed episode, whichever occurred first. Categorization as a manic, hypomanic, or mixed episode was left to the Investigator's discretion. See the outcome measure entitled Number of Participants with Intervention for Any Mood Episode for data related to TIME. |
| Change From Baseline in Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-17) Scores at Week 26/Withdrawal (Randomized Phase) | Baseline and Week 26/Withdrawal | The HAMD-17 is a 17-item questionnaire that detects change and measures illness severity. Individual items are rated on a scale of 0-4, 0-3, and 0-2 with the total HAMD-17 score ranging from 0 (not ill) to 52 (severely ill). Change from baseline was calculated as the Week 26/Withdrawal value minus the baseline value (at the time of randomization). |
| Change From Baseline in Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-17) Scores at Week 16/Withdrawal (Preliminary Phase) | Baseline and Week 16/Withdrawal | The HAMD-17 is a 17-item questionnaire that detects change and measures illness severity. Individual items are rated on a scale of 0-4, and 0-2, with the total HAMD-17 score ranging from 0 (not ill) to 52 (severely ill). Change from baseline was calculated as the Week 16/Withdrawal value minus the baseline value (at Week 0 of the Preliminary Phase). |
| Change From Baseline in Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) Total Scores at Week 26/Withdrawal (Randomized Phase) | Baseline and Week 26/Withdrawal | The YMRS is an 11-item questionnaire that detects change and measures illness severity. Individual items are rated on a scale of 0-8 and 0-4, with the total YMRS score ranging from 0 (not ill) to 60 (severely ill). Change from baseline was calculated as the Week 26/Withdrawal value minus the baseline value (at the time of randomization). |
| Change From Baseline in Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) Total Scores at Week 16/Withdrawal (Preliminary Phase) | Baseline and Week 16/Withdrawal | The YMRS is an 11-item questionnaire that detects change and measures illness severity. Individual items are rated on a scale of 0-8 and 0-4, with the total YMRS score ranging from 0 (not ill) to 60 (severely ill). Change from baseline was calculated as the Week 16/Withdrawal value minus the baseline value (at Week 0 of the Preliminary Phase). |
| Change From Baseline in Clinical Global Impressions of Severity (CGI-S) Scores at Week 16/Withdrawal (Preliminary Phase) | Baseline and Week 16/Withdrawal | The CGI-S is a 7-point scale that assessed the participant's severity of illness based on the total clinical experience of the Investigator with this particular population; 0=not assessed, 1= normal, not at all ill to 7= among the most extremely ill participants. Change from baseline was calculated as the Week 16/Withdrawal value minus the baseline value (at Week 0 of the Preliminary Phase). |
Countries
Japan
Participant flow
Pre-assignment details
Participants whose symptoms of mood episodes were stabilized with lamotrigine in the Preliminary Phase (Clinical Global Impressions of Severity score of 3 \[mild\] or less for at least 4 consecutive weeks, and lamotrigine given as monotherapy for at least 1 week before the start of the Randomized Phase) were randomized to placebo or lamotrigine.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Placebo Matching placebo | 58 |
| Lamotrigine 200 mg Lamotrigine 200 mg once a day. The dose may have been reduced to 100 mg/day for safety reasons at the discretion of the investigator/subinvestigator. The use of other medications for bipolar disorder was prohibited. | 45 |
| Total | 103 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 | FG002 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 26-Week Randomized Phase | Adverse Event | 0 | 5 | 2 |
| 26-Week Randomized Phase | Investigator Discretion | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 26-Week Randomized Phase | Lack of Efficacy | 0 | 36 | 19 |
| 26-Week Randomized Phase | Withdrawal by Subject | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| 8-16 Week Preliminary (Open-Label) Phase | Adverse Event | 55 | 0 | 0 |
| 8-16 Week Preliminary (Open-Label) Phase | Continuation Criteria Not Met | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 8-16 Week Preliminary (Open-Label) Phase | Defined Stopping Criteria Reached | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 8-16 Week Preliminary (Open-Label) Phase | Investigator Discretion | 8 | 0 | 0 |
| 8-16 Week Preliminary (Open-Label) Phase | Lack of Efficacy | 39 | 0 | 0 |
| 8-16 Week Preliminary (Open-Label) Phase | Lost to Follow-up | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 8-16 Week Preliminary (Open-Label) Phase | Protocol Violation | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 8-16 Week Preliminary (Open-Label) Phase | Withdrew Consent | 6 | 0 | 0 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Placebo | Lamotrigine 200 mg | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 43.1 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.68 | 42.4 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.79 | 42.8 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.25 |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Asian-East Asian Heritage | 0 participants | 1 participants | 1 participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Asian-Japanese Heritage | 58 participants | 44 participants | 102 participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 31 Participants | 27 Participants | 58 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 27 Participants | 18 Participants | 45 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk | EG002 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | — / — | — / — | — / — |
| other Total, other adverse events | 84 / 215 | 17 / 58 | 15 / 45 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 14 / 215 | 1 / 58 | 1 / 45 |
Outcome results
Primary
Time to Withdrawal From Study
The time from randomization to the time at which the participant was withdrawn from the Double-Blind Phase of the study for any reason was measured. No data are reported for the Lamotrigine group because of an incalculable confidence interval. See the outcome measure entitled Number of Participants with a Withdrawal Event for data regarding the number of participants who withdrew from the study.
Time frame: Randomization to Study Withdrawal (up to Week 26)
Population: Full Analysis Set in Randomized (double-blind) Phase (FAS2): participants who received at least one dose of study medication in the Randomized Phase (RP) and had at least one post-treatment efficacy assessment in the RP. The upper limit of the confidence interval was not calculable for the Lamotrigine group due to an insufficient number of events.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Placebo | Time to Withdrawal From Study | 67.5 days |
p-value: 0.01Log Rank
Secondary
Change From Baseline in Clinical Global Impressions of Severity (CGI-S) Scores at Week 16/Withdrawal (Preliminary Phase)
The CGI-S is a 7-point scale that assessed the participant's severity of illness based on the total clinical experience of the Investigator with this particular population; 0=not assessed, 1= normal, not at all ill to 7= among the most extremely ill participants. Change from baseline was calculated as the Week 16/Withdrawal value minus the baseline value (at Week 0 of the Preliminary Phase).
Time frame: Baseline and Week 16/Withdrawal
Population: FAS1. Nine participants in the Lamotrigine 25-200 mg group have no data for the CGI-S at Week 16/Withdrawal.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo | Change From Baseline in Clinical Global Impressions of Severity (CGI-S) Scores at Week 16/Withdrawal (Preliminary Phase) | -0.7 points on a scale | Standard Deviation 1.39 |
Secondary
Change From Baseline in Clinical Global Impressions of Severity (CGI-S) Scores at Week 26/Withdrawal (Randomized Phase)
The CGI-S is a 7-point scale that assessed the participant's severity of illness based on the total clinical experience of the Investigator with this particular population; 0=not assessed, 1= normal, not at all ill to 7= among the most extremely ill participants. Change from baseline was calculated as the Week 26/Withdrawal value minus the baseline value (at the time of randomization).
Time frame: Baseline and Week 26/Withdrawal
Population: FAS2
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo | Change From Baseline in Clinical Global Impressions of Severity (CGI-S) Scores at Week 26/Withdrawal (Randomized Phase) | 1.0 points on a scale | Standard Deviation 1.19 |
| Lamotrigine 200 mg | Change From Baseline in Clinical Global Impressions of Severity (CGI-S) Scores at Week 26/Withdrawal (Randomized Phase) | 0.4 points on a scale | Standard Deviation 1.25 |
Secondary
Change From Baseline in Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-17) Scores at Week 16/Withdrawal (Preliminary Phase)
The HAMD-17 is a 17-item questionnaire that detects change and measures illness severity. Individual items are rated on a scale of 0-4, and 0-2, with the total HAMD-17 score ranging from 0 (not ill) to 52 (severely ill). Change from baseline was calculated as the Week 16/Withdrawal value minus the baseline value (at Week 0 of the Preliminary Phase).
Time frame: Baseline and Week 16/Withdrawal
Population: FAS1. Nine participants in the Lamotrigine 25-200 mg group have no data for the HAMD-17 at Week 16/Withdrawal.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo | Change From Baseline in Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-17) Scores at Week 16/Withdrawal (Preliminary Phase) | -4.1 points on a scale | Standard Deviation 9.14 |
Secondary
Change From Baseline in Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-17) Scores at Week 26/Withdrawal (Randomized Phase)
The HAMD-17 is a 17-item questionnaire that detects change and measures illness severity. Individual items are rated on a scale of 0-4, 0-3, and 0-2 with the total HAMD-17 score ranging from 0 (not ill) to 52 (severely ill). Change from baseline was calculated as the Week 26/Withdrawal value minus the baseline value (at the time of randomization).
Time frame: Baseline and Week 26/Withdrawal
Population: FAS2
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo | Change From Baseline in Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-17) Scores at Week 26/Withdrawal (Randomized Phase) | 5.4 points on a scale | Standard Deviation 7.39 |
| Lamotrigine 200 mg | Change From Baseline in Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-17) Scores at Week 26/Withdrawal (Randomized Phase) | 2.7 points on a scale | Standard Deviation 7.77 |
Secondary
Change From Baseline in Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) Total Scores at Week 16/Withdrawal (Preliminary Phase)
The YMRS is an 11-item questionnaire that detects change and measures illness severity. Individual items are rated on a scale of 0-8 and 0-4, with the total YMRS score ranging from 0 (not ill) to 60 (severely ill). Change from baseline was calculated as the Week 16/Withdrawal value minus the baseline value (at Week 0 of the Preliminary Phase).
Time frame: Baseline and Week 16/Withdrawal
Population: FAS1. Nine participants in the Lamotrigine 25-200 mg group have no data for the HAMD-17 at Week 16/Withdrawal.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo | Change From Baseline in Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) Total Scores at Week 16/Withdrawal (Preliminary Phase) | 0.4 points on a scale | Standard Deviation 10.45 |
Secondary
Change From Baseline in Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) Total Scores at Week 26/Withdrawal (Randomized Phase)
The YMRS is an 11-item questionnaire that detects change and measures illness severity. Individual items are rated on a scale of 0-8 and 0-4, with the total YMRS score ranging from 0 (not ill) to 60 (severely ill). Change from baseline was calculated as the Week 26/Withdrawal value minus the baseline value (at the time of randomization).
Time frame: Baseline and Week 26/Withdrawal
Population: FAS2
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo | Change From Baseline in Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) Total Scores at Week 26/Withdrawal (Randomized Phase) | 2.2 points on a scale | Standard Deviation 6.59 |
| Lamotrigine 200 mg | Change From Baseline in Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) Total Scores at Week 26/Withdrawal (Randomized Phase) | 1.0 points on a scale | Standard Deviation 5.67 |
Secondary
Clinical Global Impressions of Improvement (CGI-I) at Week 16/Withdrawal (Preliminary Phase)
The CGI-I is a 7-point scale that assessed the participant's global improvement compared to his/her condition at study entry whether or not, in the judgement of the Investigator, it was due entirely to drug treatment; 0=not assessed, 1= very much improved to 7= very much worse.
Time frame: Week 16/Withdrawal
Population: Full Analysis Set in the Preliminary Phase (FAS1): all participants who received at least one dose of study medication for the Preliminary Phase and underwent at least one efficacy assessment after receiving the study medication in the Preliminary Phase. Nine participants in the Lamotrigine 25-200 mg group have no data for the CGI-I.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo | Clinical Global Impressions of Improvement (CGI-I) at Week 16/Withdrawal (Preliminary Phase) | 3.1 points on a scale | Standard Deviation 1.56 |
Secondary
Clinical Global Impressions of Improvement (CGI-I) at Week 26/Withdrawal (Randomized Phase)
The CGI-I is a 7-point scale that assessed the participant's global improvement compared to his/her condition at study entry whether or not, in the judgement of the Investigator, it was due entirely to drug treatment; 0=not assessed, 1= very much improved to 7= very much worse.
Time frame: Week 26/Withdrawal
Population: FAS2
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo | Clinical Global Impressions of Improvement (CGI-I) at Week 26/Withdrawal (Randomized Phase) | 3.5 points on a scale | Standard Deviation 1.5 |
| Lamotrigine 200 mg | Clinical Global Impressions of Improvement (CGI-I) at Week 26/Withdrawal (Randomized Phase) | 2.4 points on a scale | Standard Deviation 1.29 |
Secondary
Time to Intervention for Any Mood Episode (TIME)
The TIME was defined as the time from entry into the Randomized Phase to the time of the first prescription of any additional pharmacotherapy or electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) determined by the Investigator to be necessary for treatment of a relapse or recurrence of depression or the recurrence of a manic, hypomanic, or mixed episode, whichever occurred first. Categorization as a manic, hypomanic, or mixed episode was left to the Investigator's discretion. See the outcome measure entitled Number of Participants with Intervention for Any Mood Episode for data related to TIME.
Time frame: Randomization to Study Withdrawal (up to Week 26)
Population: FAS2. In the Lamotrigine 200 mg group, the estimated median TIME was not calculable because the probability of not reaching TIME remained greater than 0.50 throughout the study.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Placebo | Time to Intervention for Any Mood Episode (TIME) | 109.0 days |
Secondary
Time to Intervention for Depressive Episode (TIDep)
The TIDep was defined as the time from entry into the Randomized Phase to the time of the first prescription of any additional pharmacotherapy or ECT determined by the Investigator to be necessary for treatment of a relapse or recurrence of depression episode. No data are being presented for either treatment group. See the outcome measure entitled Number of Participants with Intervention for Depressive Episode for data related to TIDep.
Time frame: Randomization to Study Withdrawal (up to Week 26)
Population: FAS2. In the Lamotrigine 200 mg group, the estimated median TIDep was not calculable because the probability of not reaching TIDep remained greater than 0.50 throughout the study. The upper limit of the confidence interval was not calculable for the Placebo group due to an insufficient number of events.
Secondary
Time to Intervention for Manic, Hypomanic, or Mixed Episode (TIMan)
The TIMan was defined as the time from entry into the Randomized Phase to the time of the first prescription of any additional pharmacotherapy or ECT determined by the Investigator to be necessary for treatment of the relapse or recurrence of a manic, hypomanic, or mixed episode. No data are being presented for either treatment group. See the outcome measure entitled Number of Participants with Intervention for a Manic, Hypomanic, or Mixed Episode for data related to TIMan.
Time frame: Randomization to Study Withdrawal (up to Week 26)
Population: FAS2. In both groups, the estimated median TIMan was not calculable because the probability of not reaching TIMan remained greater than 0.50 throughout the study.
Post Hoc
Number of Participants With a Withdrawal Event
The number of participants who withdrew from the study was measured. This outcome measure was added post-hoc because no data are being reported for the Lamotrigine group regarding time to study withdrawal. See the primary outcome measure for time to study withdrawal data for the Placebo group. Data from participants who had not withdrawn were defined as censored.
Time frame: Randomization to Study Withdrawal (up to Week 26)
Population: FAS2
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo | Number of Participants With a Withdrawal Event | Censored | 15 participants |
| Placebo | Number of Participants With a Withdrawal Event | Withdrawal Event | 43 participants |
| Lamotrigine 200 mg | Number of Participants With a Withdrawal Event | Withdrawal Event | 24 participants |
| Lamotrigine 200 mg | Number of Participants With a Withdrawal Event | Censored | 21 participants |
Post Hoc
Number of Participants With Intervention for a Manic, Hypomanic, or Mixed Episode
The number of participants with intervention for a manic, hypomanic, or mixed episode was measured. The necessity of the intervention was determined by the Investigator's discretion. This outcome measure was added post-hoc because no data are being reported for the Placebo or Lamotrigine groups regarding time to intervention for manic, hypomanic, or mixed episode (TIMan). Data from participants who had not met TIMan were defined as censored.
Time frame: Randomization to Study Withdrawal (up to Week 26)
Population: FAS2
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo | Number of Participants With Intervention for a Manic, Hypomanic, or Mixed Episode | Intervention Event | 10 participants |
| Placebo | Number of Participants With Intervention for a Manic, Hypomanic, or Mixed Episode | Censored | 48 participants |
| Lamotrigine 200 mg | Number of Participants With Intervention for a Manic, Hypomanic, or Mixed Episode | Intervention Event | 5 participants |
| Lamotrigine 200 mg | Number of Participants With Intervention for a Manic, Hypomanic, or Mixed Episode | Censored | 40 participants |
Post Hoc
Number of Participants With Intervention for Any Mood Episode
The number of participants with intervention for any mood episode was measured. The necessity of the intervention was determined by the Investigator's discretion. This outcome measure was added post-hoc because no data are being reported for the Lamotrigine group regarding time to intervention for any mood episode (TIME). See the outcome measure for TIME for data for the Placebo group. Data from participants who had not met TIME were defined as censored.
Time frame: Randomization to Study Withdrawal (up to Week 26)
Population: FAS2
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo | Number of Participants With Intervention for Any Mood Episode | Intervention Event | 37 participants |
| Placebo | Number of Participants With Intervention for Any Mood Episode | Censored | 21 participants |
| Lamotrigine 200 mg | Number of Participants With Intervention for Any Mood Episode | Intervention Event | 20 participants |
| Lamotrigine 200 mg | Number of Participants With Intervention for Any Mood Episode | Censored | 25 participants |
Post Hoc
Number of Participants With Intervention for Depressive Episode
The number of participants with intervention for depressive episode was measured. The necessity of the intervention was determined by the Investigator's discretion. This outcome measure was added post-hoc because no data are being reported for the Placebo or Lamotrigine groups regarding time to intervention for depressive episode (TIDep). Data from participants who had not met TIDep were defined as censored.
Time frame: Randomization to Study Withdrawal (up to Week 26)
Population: FAS2
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo | Number of Participants With Intervention for Depressive Episode | Intervention Event | 27 participants |
| Placebo | Number of Participants With Intervention for Depressive Episode | Censored | 31 participants |
| Lamotrigine 200 mg | Number of Participants With Intervention for Depressive Episode | Intervention Event | 15 participants |
| Lamotrigine 200 mg | Number of Participants With Intervention for Depressive Episode | Censored | 30 participants |