Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome, Vagal Tone
Conditions
Keywords
Neonatal abstinence syndrome, Methadone, Vagal tone
Brief summary
Symptoms of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) can be attributed largely to dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system in opiate exposed neonates. Vagal tone is a readily available measure of autonomic nervous system functioning. NAS is a widely variable disorder with poorly understood pathophysiology; while all opiate exposed infants will exhibit some signs and symptoms of NAS, only approximately ½ have severe enough symptoms to require pharmacologic therapy. This research seeks to determine the relationship between infant vagal tone and NAS severity. The determination of a link between newborn vagal tone and NAS severity could result in the prediction of infants at risk for severe NAS and provide these infants and mothers with intensified services and early treatment, thereby shortening the course of NAS in the infant.
Detailed description
Consecutively born methadone exposed infants had hert period and cardiac vagal tone measurements extracted via standard EKGs on days 1 and 3 of life. The infant's NAS course was assessed serially.
Interventions
DEVICEVagal tone assessment
An EKG will be obtained using a Physio-control EKG monitor (R wave Electronics of Florida) in standard application, with three chest leads. The EKG data is inputted into a vagal tone monitor (Delta Biometrix, Bethesda MD) which computes vagal tone from the EKG signal. This data is then transferred to a disk which is analyzed off-line.
Sponsors
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Johns Hopkins University
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
No minimum to 1 Days
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Term infant (\>= 37 weeks by 1st or second trimester sonogram), * In utero opiate exposure (either heroin or methadone) requiring a minimum of three day infant hospitalization after birth * Delivery to a client active in drug abuse treatment
Exclusion criteria
* Significant medical complications in the infant * Circumcision within 24 hours of the proposed EKG/vagal tone measurement (circumcision has been found to affect vagal tone) * Infant hospitalization in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) * Psychiatric impairment of the mother such that informed consent is not possible
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed