Autoimmune Cytopenias
Conditions
Keywords
Alemtuzumab in autoimmune cytopenias
Brief summary
The majority of cases of autoimmune cytopenias, which includes immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), autoimmune hemolytic anemia, autoimmune neutropenia (AIN) and pure red cell aplasia, will respond to conventional immunosuppressive therapy with or without splenectomy. There is, however, a group of patients with refractory or chronically relapsing autoimmune cytopenias causing life-threatening hemorrhages, infections or anemia. Further problems include the short- and long-term side-effects of corticosteroids, and the potential toxicity of immunosuppressive and cytotoxic agents. An alternative and less toxic approach in these patients may be the treatment with Campath-1H, a humanized IgG monoclonal antibody specific for the CD52 antigen and present on human lymphocytes and monocytes. The main effect of Campath-1H is on T cell and it results in a prolonged and profound depletion of the CD4 and CD8 subpopulations, particularly the CD4 population, and this might reset the immune system without the need for total immune ablation.Therefore, this study is designed to investigate safety and efficacy of repeated Campath treatment cycles in autoimmune cytopenia.In order to minimize possible side effects of accumulating Campath, the 3 treatment cycles will be administered in consecutively reduced doses.
Interventions
DRUGAlemtuzumab
Sponsors
Bayer
Phramongkutklao College of Medicine and Hospital
Study design
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
1. Patients must have a diagnosis of the following autoimmune cytopenias: immune thromobocytopenia purpura (ITP) autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) autoimmune neutropenia (AIN) pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) and 2. Patients must have refractory disease according to the following criteria 1. not respond to steroids or 2. need prednisolone more than 15 mg/d for maintenance therapy 3. Complete work up for baseline evaluation and measurement 4. Age \> 18 years 5. Patient's free written inform consent
Exclusion criteria
1. Patients with a known hypersensitivity to murine proteins or to any component of alemtuzumab 2. Patients with poor performance status (ECOG criteria of 3-4) 3. Serologic evidence of human immunodeficiency virus exposure 4. Patients with active uncontrolled infection. Patients that are HIV positive or test positive on HBs or HCV antigens. 5. Pregnant or lactating women 6. Serious medical or psychiatric illness which prevent informed consent 7. Patients who are likely to lost to follow up (eg, unwilling or difficult to return, cannot be contacted) 8. Patients with active malignancies
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| To investigate the efficacy of alemtuzumab in terms of objective response rate (ORR: complete remission [CR], partial remission [PR]), progression free survival (PFS), and relapse rate in patients with autoimmune cytopenias | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| To determine the safety profiles of alemtuzumab in patients with autoimmune cytopenias. | — |
Countries
Thailand
Outcome results
None listed