Efficacy of Orally Disintegrating Selegiline in Parkinson's Patients Experiencing Adverse Effects With Dopamine Agonists

This is a measure of impulsiveness. There are 30 questions regarding the presence of impulsive and non-impulsive behaviors each scored from 1 (rarely/never) to 4 (almost always/always). The total score reflects the sum of the 30 items. A higher score represents more impulsiveness.

Time frame: Baseline and 3 months

Population: The number with ICDs at baseline

The circumference of the lower leg/ankle with the greatest swelling was measured using a standard tape measure at baseline and 12 weeks for both the right and left ankles.

Time frame: Baseline and 3 months

Population: Presence of pedal edema at baseline

This is a measure of daytime sleepiness. The test is a list of eight situations in which one rates their tendency to become sleepy on a scale of 0, no change of dozing to 3, high chance of dozing. The total score ranges fro 0-24, with higher values representing excessive sleepiness. A score of greater than 10 represents clinically significant sleepiness.

Time frame: Baseline and 3 months

Population: Based only on the number of patients with excessive daytime sleepiness at baseline

Report of hallucinations with insight maintained based on the hallucinations questions of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). The participant and their caregiver are asked a series of questions to determine if hallucinations are present. If present they rate the frequency of hallucinations on a scale of 1 (rarely, less than once a week) to 4, very often (once or more daily). They also rate the severity of the hallucinations, as mild (1 - present but harmless and cause little distress), moderate (2 - distressing and disruptive) or severe (3 - very disruptive, major source of behavioral disturbance, may need meds). The frequency and severity scores are multiplied (maximum score 12, with higher scores representing more distress/disability) for the total score.

Time frame: Baseline and 3 months

Population: Patients who reported hallucinations at baseline

The primary outcome measure was the reduction of daytime sleepiness, hallucinations, pedal edema, and impulse control disorders after a reduction of dopamine agonist dose with the addition of an monoamine oxidase (MAO)-B inhibitor (orally disintegrating selegiline). Percentages of participants with reduction in individual adverse events as well as reduction in any adverse events are reported.

Time frame: 3 Months

Population: 77 patients enrolled in the study and 60 completed. Each patient had to have at least one of the following DA related AEs, excessive daytime sleepiness, hallucinations, pedal edema or impulse control disorder (they could have more than one AE). 60 subjects were selected based on results of previous studies (discontinued patients were replaced).

The Beck Anxiety Inventory is a general measure of anxiety. There are 21 questions each with responses ranging from 0 (no issue or problem) to 3 (severe - I could barely stand it), all questions are related to the presence of signs or symptoms of anxiety. The total possible score is 63 and a higher score represents greater anxiety. The total score is calculated by adding the responses for each of the 21 items.

Time frame: Baseline and 3 months

Population: All

The Beck Depression Inventory is a general measure of depression. There are 21 questions each with responses ranging from 0 (no issue or problem) to 3 (maximum issue/distress), all questions are related to emotions, mood, feelings, etc. The total possible score is 63 (higher scores represent more depression). The total score is calculated by adding the scores of the 21 items.

Time frame: Baseline and 3 months

Population: All

The MMSE is a general measure of cognition (i.e., measures attention, memory, visuospatial construction, etc). It has 30 items, each item representing 1 point. The total score ranges from 0-30 with 30 being a perfect score (no cognitive impairment) and 0 being the lowest score (greatest possible level of impairment). The total score is calculated by adding the scores of each item.

Time frame: Baseline and 3 months

Population: All

The PDQ-39 is a measure of quality of life, it has 8 sub scales and a total score. For this study only the total score was examined. There are a total of 39 questions related to the following 8 sub scales: ability/difficulty to perform motor activities, ability to perform daily activities, cognition, emotional well being, stigma, social support, communication, bodily discomfort; each question with 5 responses (0, no/never, 4 always). The total score is calculated by adding the scores for each of the 39 items, dividing by 39 x 4 (maximum score for all 39 items) and then multiplying by 100 to get a percentage score ranging from 0-100 with 100 representing the most disability and greatest impact on quality of life.

Time frame: Baseline and 3 months

The UPDRS activities of daily living sub scale has 14 questions regarding the ability to perform daily activities like dressing, eating, etc. These questions are completed by the patient and each question has 5 responses ranging from 0 (no problems) to 4 (severe disability/cannot do). The total score for this sub scale is the sum of the scores for the 14 questions (higher scores represent greater disability), maximum score is 56. The motor assessment is completed by the investigator. There are 14 questions evaluating motor function in various body parts, representing 27 individual items (i.e., some questions, such as rigidity, are rated for 5 different body parts, other questions, such as finger tapping, are rated on both the right and left sides, and other questions are rated individually). Each item has 5 responses, 0 being none/no disability and 4 being the most severe disability. The 27 items are summed (higher scores represent greater disability); maximum score is 108.

Time frame: Baseline and 3 months

Population: All subjects completing the study were included