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Study Comparing the Safety and Efficacy of Tigecycline With Ampicillin-Sulbactam or Amoxicillin-Clavulanate to Treat Skin Infections

A Multicenter, Randomized, Open-Label Comparison of the Safety And Efficacy of Tigecycline With That of Ampicillin-Sulbactam or Amoxicillin-Clavulanate to Treat Complicated Skin And Skin Structure Infections

Status
Completed
Phases
Phase 4
Study type
Interventional
Source
ClinicalTrials.gov
Registry ID
NCT00368537
Enrollment
550
Registered
2006-08-24
Start date
2006-09-30
Completion date
2008-09-30
Last updated
2012-08-09

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Skin Diseases, Bacterial

Keywords

skin infection, antibiotics

Brief summary

The purpose of this study is to compare the safety and efficacy of the antibiotic tigecycline with other antibiotics, ampicillin-sulbactam, and amoxicillin-clavulanate in the treatment of a complicated skin and/or skin structure infection (cSSSI).

Interventions

DRUGTigecycline

Treatment A: Tigecycline every 12 hours intravenous (IV) (an initial dose of 100 mg followed by 50 mg every 12 hours)

Ampicillin-sulbactam: 1.5 g (1 g ampicillin plus 0.5 g sulbactam) to 3 g (3 g ampicillin plus 1 g sulbactam) intravenous (IV) every 6 hrs or Amoxicillin-clavulanate: 1.2 g (1000 mg amoxicillin plus 200 mg clavulanate) IV every 6 to 8 hrs. A glycopeptide antibiotic (either vancomycin 1 g IV every 12 hrs or teicoplanin IV loading dose of 400 mg the first day followed by a maintenance dose of 200 mg daily) may be added to the aminopenicillin/betalactamase inhibitor regimen if infection with methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is suspected or confirmed within the first 72 hrs of enrollment. If culture results fail to show a resistant organism, use of the glycopeptide may be discontinued.

Sponsors

Wyeth is now a wholly owned subsidiary of Pfizer
Lead SponsorINDUSTRY

Study design

Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE

Eligibility

Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

* Clinical diagnosis of complicated skin or skin structure infection * Male or female, 18 years or older * Need for intravenous treatment for 4 to 14 days

Exclusion criteria

* Skin infection that can be treated by surgery & wound care alone * Diabetic foot ulcers or bedsores where the infection is present longer than 1 week * Poor circulation such that amputation of the infected site is likely within a month Other exclusions apply

Design outcomes

Primary

MeasureTime frameDescription
Number of Clinically Evaluable (CE) Patients With Clinical Response of Cure at the Test-of-cure (TOC) Visitup to 6 weeksInvestigator assigned clinical response of cure of the cSSSI defined as: resolution of all clinical signs and symptoms of infection (healing of chronic underlying skin ulcer not required) or improvement of signs or symptoms of the infection to such an extent that no further antibacterial therapy was necessary. CE population were those who completed TOC assessment of cure or failure (but not indeterminate) or, in case of premature discontinuation due to lack of efficacy, had completed end of treatment assessment such that assessment of clinical response could be made.

Secondary

MeasureTime frameDescription
Number of Microbiologically Evaluable Patients With Clinical Response of Cure at the Test-of-cure (TOC) Visitup to 6 weeksInvestigator assigned clinical response of cure of the cSSSI defined as: resolution of all clinical signs and symptoms of infection (healing of chronic underlying skin ulcer not required) or improvement of signs or symptoms of the infection to such an extent that no further antibacterial therapy was necessary. ME population were subjects who were CE and had baseline culture with at least 1 identified isolate that was susceptible to study drug and comparator. TOC performed 8-50 days after last dose of study drug.
Number of Microbiologically Evaluable Patients by Microbiologic Response at Test-of-Cure (TOC) Visitup to 6 weeksMicrobiological response assessed at patient level. Eradication=baseline isolate not present in repeat culture from the original infection site; Presumed Eradication=clinical response of cure precluded the availability of a specimen for culture; Persistence=baseline isolate present in repeat culture from the original infection site; Presumed Persistence=culture data not available for patients with a clinical response of failure; Superinfection=culture from the primary infection site had new pathogen not identified as a baseline isolate and clinical response was failure.
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) 50 and 90 by Baseline Isolateup to 6 weeksIn vitro activity of the study drugs against a range of pathogenic bacteria that cause complicated skin and skin structure infection (cSSSI) were analyzed using MIC. MIC 50 and MIC 90 are the lowest concentrations of a drug that inhibit the growth of 50% and 90% of a microorganism, respectively. TOC performed 8-50 days after last dose of study drug.
Inpatient Healthcare Resource Utilization on or Before Test-of-Cure - Number of Patientsup to 6 weeksHealthcare resource utilization assessment included intensive care unit (ICU) and non-ICU inpatient hospitalization. TOC performed 8-50 days after last dose of study drug.

Countries

Canada, Hong Kong, Israel, Lebanon, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, United States

Participant flow

Recruitment details

Patients were recruited worldwide from September 2006 to August 2008.

Pre-assignment details

Patients were screened according to the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Once informed consent was obtained, the patient was enrolled into the study and assigned a randomization number and a treatment regimen.

Participants by arm

ArmCount
Tigecycline
Tigecycline every 12 hours IV (an initial dose of 100 mg followed by 50 mg every 12 hours)
268
Ampicillin-Sulbactam or Amoxicillin-Clavulanate
Ampicillin-sulbactam 1.5 g (1 g ampicillin plus 0.5 g sulbactam) to 3 g (2 g ampicillin plus 1 g sulbactam) IV every 6 hours or amoxicillin-clavulanate 1.2 g (1000 mg amoxicillin plus 200 mg clavulanate) IV every 6 to 8 hours.
263
Total531

Withdrawals & dropouts

PeriodReasonFG000FG001
Baseline ParticipantsDeath12
Baseline ParticipantsLost to Follow-up1617
Baseline ParticipantsNo susceptibility10
Baseline ParticipantsPatient uncompliant01
Baseline ParticipantsWithdrawal by Subject64
RandomizationNo study drug dosed136

Baseline characteristics

CharacteristicTigecyclineAmpicillin-Sulbactam or Amoxicillin-ClavulanateTotal
Age Continuous51.10 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 16.11
51.54 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 16.9
51.32 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 16.49
Sex: Female, Male
Female
105 Participants94 Participants199 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
163 Participants169 Participants332 Participants

Adverse events

Event typeEG000
affected / at risk
EG001
affected / at risk
deaths
Total, all-cause mortality
— / —— / —
other
Total, other adverse events
396 / 268241 / 263
serious
Total, serious adverse events
38 / 26829 / 263

Outcome results

Primary

Number of Clinically Evaluable (CE) Patients With Clinical Response of Cure at the Test-of-cure (TOC) Visit

Investigator assigned clinical response of cure of the cSSSI defined as: resolution of all clinical signs and symptoms of infection (healing of chronic underlying skin ulcer not required) or improvement of signs or symptoms of the infection to such an extent that no further antibacterial therapy was necessary. CE population were those who completed TOC assessment of cure or failure (but not indeterminate) or, in case of premature discontinuation due to lack of efficacy, had completed end of treatment assessment such that assessment of clinical response could be made.

Time frame: up to 6 weeks

Population: Clinically Evaluable (CE): Patients with cSSSI, no Pseudomonas aeruginosa as sole baseline isolate, met major inclusion/exclusion criteria, ≤24 hrs antibiotics pre-baseline, had ≥4 days of study drug, compliant with therapy. Excludes indeterminates.

ArmMeasureValue (NUMBER)
TigecyclineNumber of Clinically Evaluable (CE) Patients With Clinical Response of Cure at the Test-of-cure (TOC) Visit162 participants
Ampicillin-Sulbactam or Amoxicillin-ClavulanateNumber of Clinically Evaluable (CE) Patients With Clinical Response of Cure at the Test-of-cure (TOC) Visit152 participants
95% CI: [-8.7, 8.6]
Secondary

Inpatient Healthcare Resource Utilization on or Before Test-of-Cure - Number of Patients

Healthcare resource utilization assessment included intensive care unit (ICU) and non-ICU inpatient hospitalization. TOC performed 8-50 days after last dose of study drug.

Time frame: up to 6 weeks

Population: All patients who received at least 1 dose of study article.

ArmMeasureGroupValue (NUMBER)
TigecyclineInpatient Healthcare Resource Utilization on or Before Test-of-Cure - Number of PatientsIntensive care unit6 participants
TigecyclineInpatient Healthcare Resource Utilization on or Before Test-of-Cure - Number of PatientsNon-ICU inpatient hospitalization268 participants
Ampicillin-Sulbactam or Amoxicillin-ClavulanateInpatient Healthcare Resource Utilization on or Before Test-of-Cure - Number of PatientsIntensive care unit9 participants
Ampicillin-Sulbactam or Amoxicillin-ClavulanateInpatient Healthcare Resource Utilization on or Before Test-of-Cure - Number of PatientsNon-ICU inpatient hospitalization263 participants
Comparison: Intensive care unitp-value: 0.44495% CI: [-4.4, 2]Fisher Exact
Secondary

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) 50 and 90 by Baseline Isolate

In vitro activity of the study drugs against a range of pathogenic bacteria that cause complicated skin and skin structure infection (cSSSI) were analyzed using MIC. MIC 50 and MIC 90 are the lowest concentrations of a drug that inhibit the growth of 50% and 90% of a microorganism, respectively. TOC performed 8-50 days after last dose of study drug.

Time frame: up to 6 weeks

Population: m-mITT: Patients with ≥1 dose of study drug, had cSSSI and baseline isolate from infection site / blood. MIC reported for isolates present in ≥10 m-mITT patients. In the categories below n is the actual number of isolates used to caluculate the MIC 50 and MIC 90.

ArmMeasureGroupValue (NUMBER)
TigecyclineMinimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) 50 and 90 by Baseline IsolateEnterococcus Faecalis MIC50 (n=20,20)0.12 mcg/mL
TigecyclineMinimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) 50 and 90 by Baseline IsolateEnterococcus Faecalis MIC90 (n=20,20)0.25 mcg/mL
TigecyclineMinimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) 50 and 90 by Baseline IsolateEscherichia Coli MIC50 (n=29,29)0.25 mcg/mL
TigecyclineMinimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) 50 and 90 by Baseline IsolateEscherichia Coli MIC90 (n=29,29)0.50 mcg/mL
TigecyclineMinimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) 50 and 90 by Baseline IsolateKlebsiella Pneumoniae MIC50 (n=13,13)0.50 mcg/mL
TigecyclineMinimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) 50 and 90 by Baseline IsolateKlebsiella Pneumoniae MIC90 (n=13,13)2.00 mcg/mL
TigecyclineMinimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) 50 and 90 by Baseline IsolateStaphylococcus Aureus MIC50 (n=176,176)0.12 mcg/mL
TigecyclineMinimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) 50 and 90 by Baseline IsolateStaphylococcus Aureus MIC90 (n=176,176)0.25 mcg/mL
TigecyclineMinimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) 50 and 90 by Baseline IsolateStreptococcus Agalactiae MIC50 (n=18,18)0.03 mcg/mL
TigecyclineMinimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) 50 and 90 by Baseline IsolateStreptococcus Agalactiae MIC90 (n=18,18)0.06 mcg/mL
TigecyclineMinimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) 50 and 90 by Baseline IsolateStreptococcus Pyogenes MIC50 (n=18,18)0.03 mcg/mL
TigecyclineMinimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) 50 and 90 by Baseline IsolateStreptococcus Pyogenes MIC90 (n=18,18)0.06 mcg/mL
Ampicillin-Sulbactam or Amoxicillin-ClavulanateMinimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) 50 and 90 by Baseline IsolateStreptococcus Pyogenes MIC50 (n=18,18)0.06 mcg/mL
Ampicillin-Sulbactam or Amoxicillin-ClavulanateMinimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) 50 and 90 by Baseline IsolateEnterococcus Faecalis MIC50 (n=20,20)1.00 mcg/mL
Ampicillin-Sulbactam or Amoxicillin-ClavulanateMinimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) 50 and 90 by Baseline IsolateStaphylococcus Aureus MIC50 (n=176,176)2.00 mcg/mL
Ampicillin-Sulbactam or Amoxicillin-ClavulanateMinimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) 50 and 90 by Baseline IsolateEnterococcus Faecalis MIC90 (n=20,20)1.00 mcg/mL
Ampicillin-Sulbactam or Amoxicillin-ClavulanateMinimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) 50 and 90 by Baseline IsolateStreptococcus Agalactiae MIC90 (n=18,18)0.12 mcg/mL
Ampicillin-Sulbactam or Amoxicillin-ClavulanateMinimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) 50 and 90 by Baseline IsolateEscherichia Coli MIC50 (n=29,29)8.00 mcg/mL
Ampicillin-Sulbactam or Amoxicillin-ClavulanateMinimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) 50 and 90 by Baseline IsolateStaphylococcus Aureus MIC90 (n=176,176)8.00 mcg/mL
Ampicillin-Sulbactam or Amoxicillin-ClavulanateMinimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) 50 and 90 by Baseline IsolateEscherichia Coli MIC90 (n=29,29)32.00 mcg/mL
Ampicillin-Sulbactam or Amoxicillin-ClavulanateMinimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) 50 and 90 by Baseline IsolateStreptococcus Pyogenes MIC90 (n=18,18)0.06 mcg/mL
Ampicillin-Sulbactam or Amoxicillin-ClavulanateMinimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) 50 and 90 by Baseline IsolateKlebsiella Pneumoniae MIC50 (n=13,13)2.00 mcg/mL
Ampicillin-Sulbactam or Amoxicillin-ClavulanateMinimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) 50 and 90 by Baseline IsolateStreptococcus Agalactiae MIC50 (n=18,18)0.12 mcg/mL
Ampicillin-Sulbactam or Amoxicillin-ClavulanateMinimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) 50 and 90 by Baseline IsolateKlebsiella Pneumoniae MIC90 (n=13,13)8.00 mcg/mL
Secondary

Number of Microbiologically Evaluable Patients by Microbiologic Response at Test-of-Cure (TOC) Visit

Microbiological response assessed at patient level. Eradication=baseline isolate not present in repeat culture from the original infection site; Presumed Eradication=clinical response of cure precluded the availability of a specimen for culture; Persistence=baseline isolate present in repeat culture from the original infection site; Presumed Persistence=culture data not available for patients with a clinical response of failure; Superinfection=culture from the primary infection site had new pathogen not identified as a baseline isolate and clinical response was failure.

Time frame: up to 6 weeks

Population: Microbiologically Evaluable patients:CE patients who had baseline culture with ≥1 identified pathogen susceptible to both study drugs (ie, the pathogen is susceptible to tigecycline and comparator). TOC performed 8-50 days after last dose of study drug.

ArmMeasureGroupValue (NUMBER)
TigecyclineNumber of Microbiologically Evaluable Patients by Microbiologic Response at Test-of-Cure (TOC) VisitEradication + presumed eradication95 participants
TigecyclineNumber of Microbiologically Evaluable Patients by Microbiologic Response at Test-of-Cure (TOC) VisitPersistence + Presumed persistence25 participants
TigecyclineNumber of Microbiologically Evaluable Patients by Microbiologic Response at Test-of-Cure (TOC) VisitSuperinfection2 participants
Ampicillin-Sulbactam or Amoxicillin-ClavulanateNumber of Microbiologically Evaluable Patients by Microbiologic Response at Test-of-Cure (TOC) VisitEradication + presumed eradication76 participants
Ampicillin-Sulbactam or Amoxicillin-ClavulanateNumber of Microbiologically Evaluable Patients by Microbiologic Response at Test-of-Cure (TOC) VisitPersistence + Presumed persistence23 participants
Ampicillin-Sulbactam or Amoxicillin-ClavulanateNumber of Microbiologically Evaluable Patients by Microbiologic Response at Test-of-Cure (TOC) VisitSuperinfection1 participants
Comparison: Group comparison of eradication + presumed eradication95% CI: [-9.6, 14.4]
Secondary

Number of Microbiologically Evaluable Patients With Clinical Response of Cure at the Test-of-cure (TOC) Visit

Investigator assigned clinical response of cure of the cSSSI defined as: resolution of all clinical signs and symptoms of infection (healing of chronic underlying skin ulcer not required) or improvement of signs or symptoms of the infection to such an extent that no further antibacterial therapy was necessary. ME population were subjects who were CE and had baseline culture with at least 1 identified isolate that was susceptible to study drug and comparator. TOC performed 8-50 days after last dose of study drug.

Time frame: up to 6 weeks

Population: Microbiologically Evaluable patients:Clinically Evaluable (CE) patients who had baseline culture with ≥1 identified pathogen susceptible to both study drugs (ie, the pathogen is susceptible to tigecycline and comparator). Excludes indeterminates.

ArmMeasureValue (NUMBER)
TigecyclineNumber of Microbiologically Evaluable Patients With Clinical Response of Cure at the Test-of-cure (TOC) Visit96 participants
Ampicillin-Sulbactam or Amoxicillin-ClavulanateNumber of Microbiologically Evaluable Patients With Clinical Response of Cure at the Test-of-cure (TOC) Visit77 participants
95% CI: [-9.6, 14]

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov · Data processed: Mar 25, 2026