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Safety/Efficacy of Everolimus in Adults With Advanced Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Cancer Not Responsive to Chemotherapy

An Open Label, Stratified, Single-arm Phase II Study of Everolimus in Patients With Advanced Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor (NET) After Failure of Cytotoxic Chemotherapy

Status
Completed
Phases
Phase 2
Study type
Interventional
Source
ClinicalTrials.gov
Registry ID
NCT00363051
Enrollment
160
Registered
2006-08-15
Start date
2006-06-30
Completion date
2012-04-30
Last updated
2013-05-10

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Islet Cell Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine Tumor, Pancreatic Neoplasms

Keywords

Pancreatic, Tumor, Islet Cell, Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine, Endocrine, Atypical Carcinoid, RADIANT1, RADIANT-1

Brief summary

The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of everolimus in the treatment of advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (NET) not responsive to cytotoxic chemotherapy. All patients were treated with everolimus until either tumor progression was documented using a standard criteria that measures tumor size called Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid tumors (RECIST), or until unacceptable toxicity occurred, or until the patient or investigator requested discontinuation of treatment.

Detailed description

This was a stratified two-stage, single-arm, phase 2 study of treatment with everolimus in patients with advanced (unresectable or metastatic) pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (NET) after failure of cytotoxic chemotherapy. Stratum 1, consisted of patients not receiving chronic Octreotide Depot therapy, will receive everolimus monotherapy at 10 mg/day. Stratum 2, consisting of patients with tumors that have progressed during Octreotide Depot treatment will continue their entry dose of Octreotide Depot plus everolimus 10 mg/day.

Interventions

Participants took two 5 mg tablets of Everolimus orally with a glass of water, once daily (preferably in the morning) in a fasting state or after no more than a light, fat-free meal. Dosing was to occur at the same time each day. If vomiting occurred, the vomited dose was not to be replaced.

Sponsors

Novartis Pharmaceuticals
Lead SponsorINDUSTRY

Study design

Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE

Eligibility

Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

for both strata: * Advanced (unresectable or metastatic) biopsy-proven pancreatic Neuroendocrine tumor (NET) * Confirmed low-grade or intermediate-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma * Objective disease progression by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid tumors (RECIST) criteria while receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy or at any time after receiving an adequate course of cytotoxic chemotherapy (i.e., at least 3 consecutive cycles or months of treatment with the same cytotoxic drug or regimen) * Presence of at least one measurable disease using RECIST criteria at screening (computer tomography \[CT\] or Magnetic resonance imaging \[MRI\]) * Adequate bone marrow, liver and kidney function * WHO Performance Status 0-2. Inclusion criteria for Stratum 2 only: * Meet all inclusion criteria defined above for both strata. * Receiving treatment (at least 3 consecutive months) with Octreotide Depot. * In addition to documentation of progressive disease on or after chemotherapy, patients in stratum 2 must have documented objective progression of disease while receiving Octreotide Depot.

Exclusion criteria

for both strata: * Anticancer therapy within 3 weeks of enrollment. * Patients with poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma * Hepatic artery embolization within the last 6 months * Prior therapy with everolimus or other rapamycins (sirolimus, temsirolimus) * Other concurrent malignancy * Other serious intercurrent infections or nonmalignant uncontrolled medical illnesses Exclusion Criterion for Stratum 1 only: • Received treatment with Octreotide Depot or any other long-acting somatostatin analogue in the 60 days prior to enrollment or any short-acting somatostatin analogue in the two weeks prior to enrollment. Other protocol-defined inclusion/

Design outcomes

Primary

MeasureTime frameDescription
Objective Response Rate: Percentage of Participants With Best Over All Response of Complete Response or Partial Response by Central Radiology Review (Stratum 1) Based on Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST)from date of randomization/start of treatment until first documented response confirmed 4 weeks later( at least 3 months)Objective response rate was defined by RECIST criteria: Partial response (PR) must have ≥ 30% decrease in the sum of longest diameter of all target lesions, from the baseline sum. Complete response (CR) must have disappearance of all target and non-target lesions. For CR or PR, tumor measurements must be confirmed by 2nd assessments within 4 weeks. Progression = 20% increase in the sum of longest diameter of all target lesions, from smallest sum of longest diameter of all target lesions recorded at or after baseline; or a new lesion; or progression of non-target lesions.

Secondary

MeasureTime frameDescription
Duration of Overall Response (Stratum 2) Based on Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST)- Central Radiology Reviewfrom date of first documented confirmed response to time to progression, at least 3 monthsDuration of overall response applies only to patients whose best overall response was complete response (CR) or partial response (PR): * Complete Response (CR) = at least two determinations of CR at least 4 weeks apart before progression. * Partial response (PR) = at least two determinations of PR or better at least 4 weeks apart before progression. Progression = 20% increase in the sum of the longest diameter of all target lesions, from the smallest sum of longest diameter of all target lesions recorded at or after baseline; or a new lesion; or progression of non-target lesions
Objective Response Rate: Percentage of Participants With Best Over All Response of Complete Response or Partial Response by Central Radiology Review (Stratum 2) Based on Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST)from date of randomization/start of treatment until first documented response confirmed 4 weeks later (at least 3 months)Objective response rate was defined by RECIST criteria: Partial response (PR) must have ≥ 30% decrease in the sum of longest diameter of all target lesions, from the baseline sum. Complete response (CR) must have disappearance of all target and non-target lesions. For CR or PR, tumor measurements must be confirmed by 2nd assessments within 4 weeks. Progression = 20% increase in the sum of longest diameter of all target lesions, from smallest sum of longest diameter of all target lesions recorded at or after baseline; or a new lesion; or progression of non-target lesions.
Number of Participants With Adverse Events (AEs), Death, Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)[Stratum 1]on or after the day of the first intake of study treatment to starting no later than 28 days after study treatment discontinuation, at least every monthAdverse events are defined as any unfavorable and unintended diagnosis, symptom, sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), syndrome or disease which either occurs during study, having been absent at baseline, or, if present at baseline, appears to worsen. Serious adverse events are any untoward medical occurrences that result in death, are life threatening, require (or prolong) hospitalization, cause persistent or significant disability/incapacity, result in congenital anomalies or birth defects, or are other conditions which in judgment of investigators represent significant hazards.
Number of Participants With Adverse Events (AEs), Death, Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) [Stratum 2]on or after the day of the first intake of study treatment to starting no later than 28 days after study treatment discontinuation, at least every monthAdverse events are defined as any unfavorable and unintended diagnosis, symptom, sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), syndrome or disease which either occurs during study, having been absent at baseline, or, if present at baseline, appears to worsen. Serious adverse events are any untoward medical occurrences that result in death, are life threatening, require (or prolong) hospitalization, cause persistent or significant disability/incapacity, result in congenital anomalies or birth defects, or are other conditions which in judgment of investigators represent significant hazards.
Time to Progression Free Survival (PFS) Per Central Radiology Review (Stratum 1)from randomisation to dates of disease progression, death from any cause or last tumor assessment, reported between day of first patient randomised, 26 June 2006, until cut-off date 13 September 2010Progression free survival (PFS) is defined as the time from randomization to the date of first documented disease progression or death from any cause. The Kaplan-Meier estimate of the PFS survival function was constructed. Median PFS was obtained and displayed along with 95% confidence intervals.
Duration of Overall Response (Stratum 1) Based on Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST)- Central Radiology Reviewfrom date of first documented confirmed response to time to progression, at least 3 monthsDuration of overall response applies only to patients whose best overall response was complete response (CR) or partial response (PR): * Complete Response (CR) = at least two determinations of CR at least 4 weeks apart before progression. * Partial response (PR) = at least two determinations of PR or better at least 4 weeks apart before progression. Progression = 20% increase in the sum of the longest diameter of all target lesions, from the smallest sum of longest diameter of all target lesions recorded at or after baseline; or a new lesion; or progression of non-target lesions
Time to Overall Survival (OS)(Stratum 1)from randomisation to dates of disease progression, death from any cause, reported between day of first patient randomised, 26 June 2006, until cut-off date 13 April 2012Overall survival measures the time of survival , with any response or disease progression, until death. The OS is defined as the time from date of start of treatment to date of death due to any cause. If a patient is not known to have died, survival was censored at the date of last contact. In each treatment stratum, the Kaplan-Meier estimate of the overall survival function was constructed.
Time to Overall Survival (OS) (Stratum 2)from randomisation to dates of disease progression, death from any cause, reported between day of first patient randomised, 26 June 2006, until cut-off date 13 April 2012Overall survival measures the time of survival , with any response or disease progression, until death. The OS is defined as the time from date of start of treatment to date of death due to any cause. If a patient is not known to have died, survival was censored at the date of last contact. In each treatment stratum, the Kaplan-Meier estimate of the overall survival function was constructed.
Everolimus Trough Level Determination by Pharmacokinetics Parameter in Both Strata (Stratum 1 and 2)Cycle 1 Day 15For all patients in both strata, a blood sample for everolimus trough level determination will be collected immediately prior to the everolimus administration on Cycle 1 Day 15, Cycle 2 Day 1, and every month thereafter. A treatment cycle was defined as 28 days of consecutive daily treatment with everolimus and treatment continued until tumor progression. It is critical that patients not take their daily everolimus dose before the sample is drawn.
Effect of Octreotide Depot on the Trough Concentrations of EverolimusCycle 1 Day 1, Cycle 2 Day 1The effect of Octreotide Depot on the trough concentrations of everolimus was assessed at Cycle 1 Day 15.
Time to Progression Free Survival (PFS) Per Central Radiology Review (Stratum 2)from randomisation to dates of disease progression, death from any cause or last tumor assessment, reported between day of first patient randomised, 26 June 2006, until cut-off date 13 September 2010Progression free survival (PFS) is defined as the time from randomization to the date of first documented disease progression or death from any cause. The Kaplan-Meier estimate of the PFS survival function was constructed. Median PFS was obtained and displayed along with 95% confidence intervals.

Countries

Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, United States

Participant flow

Participants by arm

ArmCount
Stratum 1: Everolimus 10 mg
Stratum 1 patients who were not receiving regular Octreotide Depot therapy. These patients were to receive everolimus monotherapy at 10 mg/day. Patients were instructed to take two 5 mg tablets of everolimus orally with a glass of water, once daily (preferably in the morning). Dosing was strongly recommended to occur at the same time every day.
115
Stratum 2: Everolimus 10 mg + Octreotide Depot
Stratum 2 participants who had received at least three consecutive months of Octreotide Long Acting Depot therapy prior to enrollment. These patients also received Everolimus 10 mg/day in addition to continuing their entry dose of Octreotide Depot.
45
Total160

Withdrawals & dropouts

PeriodReasonFG000FG001
Overall StudyAdminstrative problems11
Overall StudyAdverse Event2112
Overall StudyDeath32
Overall StudyLost to Follow-up01
Overall StudyNew Cancer Therapy21
Overall StudyProtocol Violation02
Overall StudyWithdrawal by Subject113

Baseline characteristics

CharacteristicStratum 1: Everolimus 10 mgStratum 2: Everolimus 10 mg + Octreotide DepotTotal
Age Continuous55.1 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.8
53.64 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.478
54.33 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.98
Sex: Female, Male
Female
49 Participants21 Participants70 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
66 Participants24 Participants90 Participants

Adverse events

Event typeEG000
affected / at risk
EG001
affected / at risk
deaths
Total, all-cause mortality
— / —— / —
other
Total, other adverse events
115 / 11544 / 45
serious
Total, serious adverse events
63 / 11527 / 45

Outcome results

Primary

Objective Response Rate: Percentage of Participants With Best Over All Response of Complete Response or Partial Response by Central Radiology Review (Stratum 1) Based on Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST)

Objective response rate was defined by RECIST criteria: Partial response (PR) must have ≥ 30% decrease in the sum of longest diameter of all target lesions, from the baseline sum. Complete response (CR) must have disappearance of all target and non-target lesions. For CR or PR, tumor measurements must be confirmed by 2nd assessments within 4 weeks. Progression = 20% increase in the sum of longest diameter of all target lesions, from smallest sum of longest diameter of all target lesions recorded at or after baseline; or a new lesion; or progression of non-target lesions.

Time frame: from date of randomization/start of treatment until first documented response confirmed 4 weeks later( at least 3 months)

Population: The full analysis set (FAS) consisted of all patients who received at least one dose of everolimus.

ArmMeasureValue (NUMBER)
Stratum 1: Everolimus 10 mgObjective Response Rate: Percentage of Participants With Best Over All Response of Complete Response or Partial Response by Central Radiology Review (Stratum 1) Based on Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST)9.6 percentage of participants
Secondary

Duration of Overall Response (Stratum 1) Based on Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST)- Central Radiology Review

Duration of overall response applies only to patients whose best overall response was complete response (CR) or partial response (PR): * Complete Response (CR) = at least two determinations of CR at least 4 weeks apart before progression. * Partial response (PR) = at least two determinations of PR or better at least 4 weeks apart before progression. Progression = 20% increase in the sum of the longest diameter of all target lesions, from the smallest sum of longest diameter of all target lesions recorded at or after baseline; or a new lesion; or progression of non-target lesions

Time frame: from date of first documented confirmed response to time to progression, at least 3 months

Population: Full Analysis Set (FAS) consisted of all patients who received at least one dose of everolimus. Only those patients whose best overall response was complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) were included in this analysis.

ArmMeasureValue (MEDIAN)
Stratum 1: Everolimus 10 mgDuration of Overall Response (Stratum 1) Based on Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST)- Central Radiology Review10.64 Months
Secondary

Duration of Overall Response (Stratum 2) Based on Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST)- Central Radiology Review

Duration of overall response applies only to patients whose best overall response was complete response (CR) or partial response (PR): * Complete Response (CR) = at least two determinations of CR at least 4 weeks apart before progression. * Partial response (PR) = at least two determinations of PR or better at least 4 weeks apart before progression. Progression = 20% increase in the sum of the longest diameter of all target lesions, from the smallest sum of longest diameter of all target lesions recorded at or after baseline; or a new lesion; or progression of non-target lesions

Time frame: from date of first documented confirmed response to time to progression, at least 3 months

Population: Very low number of patients demonstrated a partial response, the median duration of response as per central review has not been calculated.

Secondary

Effect of Octreotide Depot on the Trough Concentrations of Everolimus

The effect of Octreotide Depot on the trough concentrations of everolimus was assessed at Cycle 1 Day 15.

Time frame: Cycle 1 Day 1, Cycle 2 Day 1

Population: Full Analysis Set (FAS) is consisted of all patients who received at least one dose of everolimus. Patients with Octreotide Depot pharmacokinetic samples, with nonzero concentration, at Cycle 1 Day 1 or Cycle 2 Day 1 were included.

ArmMeasureGroupValue (MEAN)Dispersion
Stratum 1: Everolimus 10 mgEffect of Octreotide Depot on the Trough Concentrations of EverolimusCycle 2 Day 1 (n= 38)3.7 ng/mlStandard Deviation 3.47
Stratum 1: Everolimus 10 mgEffect of Octreotide Depot on the Trough Concentrations of EverolimusCycle 1 Day 1 (pre-treatment baseline) (n=37)3.2 ng/mlStandard Deviation 2.81
Secondary

Everolimus Trough Level Determination by Pharmacokinetics Parameter in Both Strata (Stratum 1 and 2)

For all patients in both strata, a blood sample for everolimus trough level determination will be collected immediately prior to the everolimus administration on Cycle 1 Day 15, Cycle 2 Day 1, and every month thereafter. A treatment cycle was defined as 28 days of consecutive daily treatment with everolimus and treatment continued until tumor progression. It is critical that patients not take their daily everolimus dose before the sample is drawn.

Time frame: Cycle 1 Day 15

Population: Full Analysis Set (FAS) is consisted of all patients who received at least one dose of everolimus. Patients with everolimus pharmacokinteic samples, with nonzero concentration, at Cycle 1 Day 15 were included

ArmMeasureValue (MEAN)Dispersion
Stratum 1: Everolimus 10 mgEverolimus Trough Level Determination by Pharmacokinetics Parameter in Both Strata (Stratum 1 and 2)15.7 ng/mlStandard Deviation 15.82
Stratum 2: Everolimus 10 mg + Octreotide DepotEverolimus Trough Level Determination by Pharmacokinetics Parameter in Both Strata (Stratum 1 and 2)17.3 ng/mlStandard Deviation 18.08
Secondary

Number of Participants With Adverse Events (AEs), Death, Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)[Stratum 1]

Adverse events are defined as any unfavorable and unintended diagnosis, symptom, sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), syndrome or disease which either occurs during study, having been absent at baseline, or, if present at baseline, appears to worsen. Serious adverse events are any untoward medical occurrences that result in death, are life threatening, require (or prolong) hospitalization, cause persistent or significant disability/incapacity, result in congenital anomalies or birth defects, or are other conditions which in judgment of investigators represent significant hazards.

Time frame: on or after the day of the first intake of study treatment to starting no later than 28 days after study treatment discontinuation, at least every month

Population: The safety population consists of all patients who received at least one dose of everolimus and had at least one post-baseline safety assessment.

ArmMeasureGroupValue (NUMBER)
Stratum 1: Everolimus 10 mgNumber of Participants With Adverse Events (AEs), Death, Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)[Stratum 1]Adverse Events115 Participants
Stratum 1: Everolimus 10 mgNumber of Participants With Adverse Events (AEs), Death, Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)[Stratum 1]Death10 Participants
Stratum 1: Everolimus 10 mgNumber of Participants With Adverse Events (AEs), Death, Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)[Stratum 1]Serious Adverse Events63 Participants
Secondary

Number of Participants With Adverse Events (AEs), Death, Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) [Stratum 2]

Adverse events are defined as any unfavorable and unintended diagnosis, symptom, sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), syndrome or disease which either occurs during study, having been absent at baseline, or, if present at baseline, appears to worsen. Serious adverse events are any untoward medical occurrences that result in death, are life threatening, require (or prolong) hospitalization, cause persistent or significant disability/incapacity, result in congenital anomalies or birth defects, or are other conditions which in judgment of investigators represent significant hazards.

Time frame: on or after the day of the first intake of study treatment to starting no later than 28 days after study treatment discontinuation, at least every month

Population: The safety population consists of all patients who received at least one dose of everolimus and had at least one post-baseline safety assessment.

ArmMeasureGroupValue (NUMBER)
Stratum 1: Everolimus 10 mgNumber of Participants With Adverse Events (AEs), Death, Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) [Stratum 2]Adverse Events45 Participants
Stratum 1: Everolimus 10 mgNumber of Participants With Adverse Events (AEs), Death, Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) [Stratum 2]Death2 Participants
Stratum 1: Everolimus 10 mgNumber of Participants With Adverse Events (AEs), Death, Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) [Stratum 2]Serious Adverse Events27 Participants
Secondary

Objective Response Rate: Percentage of Participants With Best Over All Response of Complete Response or Partial Response by Central Radiology Review (Stratum 2) Based on Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST)

Objective response rate was defined by RECIST criteria: Partial response (PR) must have ≥ 30% decrease in the sum of longest diameter of all target lesions, from the baseline sum. Complete response (CR) must have disappearance of all target and non-target lesions. For CR or PR, tumor measurements must be confirmed by 2nd assessments within 4 weeks. Progression = 20% increase in the sum of longest diameter of all target lesions, from smallest sum of longest diameter of all target lesions recorded at or after baseline; or a new lesion; or progression of non-target lesions.

Time frame: from date of randomization/start of treatment until first documented response confirmed 4 weeks later (at least 3 months)

Population: Full Analysis Set (FAS) was consisted of all patients who received at least one dose of everolimus.

ArmMeasureValue (NUMBER)
Stratum 1: Everolimus 10 mgObjective Response Rate: Percentage of Participants With Best Over All Response of Complete Response or Partial Response by Central Radiology Review (Stratum 2) Based on Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST)4.4 percentage of participants
Secondary

Time to Overall Survival (OS)(Stratum 1)

Overall survival measures the time of survival , with any response or disease progression, until death. The OS is defined as the time from date of start of treatment to date of death due to any cause. If a patient is not known to have died, survival was censored at the date of last contact. In each treatment stratum, the Kaplan-Meier estimate of the overall survival function was constructed.

Time frame: from randomisation to dates of disease progression, death from any cause, reported between day of first patient randomised, 26 June 2006, until cut-off date 13 April 2012

Population: The full analysis set consisted of all patients who received at least one dose of everolimus.

ArmMeasureValue (MEDIAN)
Stratum 1: Everolimus 10 mgTime to Overall Survival (OS)(Stratum 1)28.78 months
Secondary

Time to Overall Survival (OS) (Stratum 2)

Overall survival measures the time of survival , with any response or disease progression, until death. The OS is defined as the time from date of start of treatment to date of death due to any cause. If a patient is not known to have died, survival was censored at the date of last contact. In each treatment stratum, the Kaplan-Meier estimate of the overall survival function was constructed.

Time frame: from randomisation to dates of disease progression, death from any cause, reported between day of first patient randomised, 26 June 2006, until cut-off date 13 April 2012

Population: The full analysis set consisted of all patients who received at least one dose of everolimus.

ArmMeasureValue (MEDIAN)
Stratum 1: Everolimus 10 mgTime to Overall Survival (OS) (Stratum 2)38.77 months
Secondary

Time to Progression Free Survival (PFS) Per Central Radiology Review (Stratum 1)

Progression free survival (PFS) is defined as the time from randomization to the date of first documented disease progression or death from any cause. The Kaplan-Meier estimate of the PFS survival function was constructed. Median PFS was obtained and displayed along with 95% confidence intervals.

Time frame: from randomisation to dates of disease progression, death from any cause or last tumor assessment, reported between day of first patient randomised, 26 June 2006, until cut-off date 13 September 2010

Population: The full analysis set (FAS) consisted of all patients who received at least one dose of everolimus.

ArmMeasureValue (MEDIAN)
Stratum 1: Everolimus 10 mgTime to Progression Free Survival (PFS) Per Central Radiology Review (Stratum 1)9.69 Months
Secondary

Time to Progression Free Survival (PFS) Per Central Radiology Review (Stratum 2)

Progression free survival (PFS) is defined as the time from randomization to the date of first documented disease progression or death from any cause. The Kaplan-Meier estimate of the PFS survival function was constructed. Median PFS was obtained and displayed along with 95% confidence intervals.

Time frame: from randomisation to dates of disease progression, death from any cause or last tumor assessment, reported between day of first patient randomised, 26 June 2006, until cut-off date 13 September 2010

Population: The full analysis set (FAS) consisted of all patients who received at least one dose of everolimus.

ArmMeasureValue (MEDIAN)
Stratum 1: Everolimus 10 mgTime to Progression Free Survival (PFS) Per Central Radiology Review (Stratum 2)16.69 Months

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov · Data processed: Feb 4, 2026