Schizophrenia
Conditions
Keywords
Culture, Family, Therapy
Brief summary
This study will evaluate the effectiveness of a culturally based family therapy intervention in improving treatment outcome in people with schizophrenia.
Detailed description
Schizophrenia is a disabling mental disorder that affects approximately 1% of the population worldwide. People with schizophrenia frequently experience hallucinations, delusions, disordered thinking, movement disorders, emotional numbness, social withdrawal, and cognitive deficits. These symptoms can hinder a person's ability to perform everyday functions, such as hold a job and maintain normal social relationships. When combined with medication, family-oriented therapy interventions have been beneficial for people with schizophrenia. There are few programs, however, that are tailored to the needs of minorities. With the rising number of minority populations in the U.S., it is important to develop psychotherapy interventions that are designed specifically for these groups. This study will evaluate the effectiveness of a culturally based family therapy intervention in improving treatment outcome in people with schizophrenia. Participants in this 12-month, open label study will first attend a 2-hour screening visit, at which information will be gathered regarding coping styles, spirituality, and expressed emotion. Participants will then be randomly assigned to receive either culturally based therapy or treatment as usual. Although the culturally based therapy will be tailored to the needs and values of Hispanics, people who are not Hispanic will not be excluded. The culturally based therapy will entail 15 weekly therapy sessions, which will focus on family unity, psychoeducation, spirituality, communication skills, and problem-solving. The group receiving treatment as usual will attend 3 weekly psychoeducation sessions that will focus on informing participants about schizophrenia. Outcomes for both groups will be assessed upon completion of treatment and at follow-up visits at Months 6 and 12.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALCulturally informed therapy for schizophrenia (CIT-S)
This family therapy consists of 15 video-taped, therapy sessions, each lasting approximately 75 minutes. The 15-session treatment will be broken down into five segments (each lasting approximately three sessions) with the following goals: 1) Fortify a strong sense of family unity; 2) educate about schizophrenia; 3) foster adaptive use of cultural, spiritual and/or existential beliefs in conceptualizing and coming to terms with schizophrenia; 4) teach effective communication training techniques; and 5) and teach useful problem solving strategies.
BEHAVIORALPsychoeducation treatment as usual
This family therapy consists of three weekly sessions focusing on education about schizophrenia.
Sponsors
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
University of Miami
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
13 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
For participants with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder: * Diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder * Currently taking medication * 18 or older For all participants: * Two or more family members, including patient, are available for participation (therapy can be conducted if patient is not available, as long as two other family members are interested in participating) * Family members must be at least 13 years old
Exclusion criteria
* N/A
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Schizophrenia symptom severity | Measured immediately post-treatment and at Months 6 and 12 |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Family functioning | Measured immediately post-treatment and at Months 6 and 12 |
| Cultural Identity | Measured immediately post-treatment and at Months 6 and 12 |
| Coping styles | Measured immediately post-treatment and at Months 6 and 12 |
| Symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress | Measured immediately post-treatment and at Months 6 and 12 |
| Alcohol and Drug Use | Measured immediately post-treatment and at Months 6 and 12 |
| Knowledge and knowledge about schizophrenia | Measured immediately post-treatment and at Months 6 and 12 |
| Religiosity/Spirituality | Measured immediately post-treatment and at Months 6 and 12 |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed