Breast Neoplasm
Conditions
Keywords
neoadjuvant chemotherapy, HER2 positive breast cancer, stage II - III breast cancer
Brief summary
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and tolerability of the combination of the following medications given every two weeks in HER2 positive breast cancer patients: * trastuzumab (Herceptin) * epirubicin (Ellence) * cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) * docetaxel (Taxotere)
Detailed description
This is an investigator-initiated, Phase II, non-randomized, single-arm, prospective treatment study. The study will consist of neoadjuvant treatment period (weeks 1 to 20), surgical evaluation period (weeks 20 to 24), and a post-surgical/follow-up period (approximately 3 years). Subjects will be treated on an outpatient basis. Neoadjuvant therapy will consist of epirubicin + cyclophosphamide given every 2 weeks for four cycles followed by a three week break. Subjects will then receive docetaxel every two weeks for four cycles + trastuzumab (one loading dose) then maintenance dose every 2 weeks for 4 treatments.
Interventions
epirubicin (100 mg/m\^2) every 2 weeks for 4 cycles
cyclophosphamide (600 mg/m\^2) every 2 weeks for 4 cycles
docetaxel (75 mg/m\^2) every 2 weeks for 4 cycles
trastuzumab (6 mg/kg \[loading dose\] once then 4 mg/kg \[maintenance dose\]) every 2 weeks for 4 treatments
Sponsors
Study design
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
* Non-pregnant females =/\> 18 years of age * Non-inflammatory breast cancer stage IIA - IIIC or high risk node negative * Core biopsy of breast demonstrating invasive cancer and documented ER/PgR receptor status * Normal cardiac function and adequate hematologic function * Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 protein (HER2) positive * No evidence of metastatic disease * ECOG Performance Status 0 - 1 * Women of childbearing potential must agree to using effective contraception while on treatment and for at least 3 months post-treatment
Exclusion criteria
* Treated with other investigational drugs within 30 days * Uncontrolled intercurrent disease or active infection * Known sensitivity to e. coli-derived proteins or polysorbate 80 * Psychiatric illness or social situation that would limit study compliance * Pre-existing peripheral neuropathy \> Grade 1 * Cancer within 5 years of screening with the exception of surgically cured nonmelanomatous skin cancer; in-situ carcinoma of the cervix; or in-situ carcinoma of the breast * Bilateral synchronous breast cancer * Inflammatory breast cancer * Women who are pregnant or breast feeding
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Percentage of Subjects Able to Complete > 85% of the Planned Dose on Schedule | From the start of treatment through the neoadjuvant treatment period (approximately 20 weeks) | Feasibility will be determined by evaluating the percentage of subjects able to complete the neoadjuvant portion of the study on time with \> 85% of the protocol-specified dose. |
| Frequency of Grade 3 or 4 Hematologic and Nonhematologic Toxicities | Toxicities are evaluated every 2 weeks during neoadjuvant treatment and assessed once during the post-treatment follow-up period, up to 25 weeks. | Toxicities are evaluated according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, version 3.0. Grade refers to the severity of the adverse event (AE). Generally, grade 1 = mild AE; grade 2 = moderate AE; grade 3 = severe AE; grade 4 = life-threatening or disabling AE; grade 5 = death related to AE. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) | At screening, prior to cycle 5, prior to surgery, and then during follow-up at Month 6, 12, 24, and 36 | LVEF was assessed by echocardiogram (ECHO) or multigated angiogram (MUGA) during neoadjuvant treatment and during follow-up. |
| Pathologic Response | At completion of neoadjuvant treatment period, up to 24 weeks. | Pathologic response was assessed at time of definitive surgery, scheduled to occur 20-24 weeks after study treatment start. Pathologic complete response was defined as no invasive carcinoma in surgical specimen of breast, but residual ductal carcinoma in situ may be present. Pathologic partial response was defined as \>= 50% decrease in sum of diameters in pathologic cancer size compared to pretreatment clinical size. Stable disease was defined as \< 50% decrease in sum of diameters in pathologic cancer size compared to pretreatment clinical size, and \< 25% increase in sum of diameters. |
| Overall Survival (OS) | Measured from day 1 of treatment until time of death, assessed up to 48 months. | Overall survival is defined as the time from treatment start until death from any cause. The median overall survival time is used to measure OS. |
| Progression-free Survival (PFS) | PFS was measured from day 1 of treatment until time of progression or death, whichever comes first, assessed up to 48 months. | PFS is defined as the duration of time from start of treatment to time of progression or death, whichever comes first. |
| Clinical Response Prior to Surgery | Assessed every 2 weeks during neoadjuvant treatment and prior to definitive surgery, up to 23 weeks. | Clinical response was assessed via physical exam every 2 weeks during neoadjuvant treatment and via imaging prior to definitive surgery. Clinical complete response was defined as no evidence of cancer in breast by exam or imaging. Clinical partial response was defined as \>= 50 % reduction in sum of diameters to measurement of primary lesion compared to pretreatment by exam or imaging. Clinical stable disease was defined as \< 50% reduction in sum of diameters to measurement of primary lesion compared to pretreatment by exam or imaging, and \< 25% increase in sum of diameters. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Recruitment details
5 community oncology research sites across the US within the ACORN network participated in this study. Enrollment started in November 2005 and was completed in June 2008.
Pre-assignment details
Informed consent was obtained from all subjects, and all subjects underwent screening procedures to verify eligibility.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Neoadjuvant Therapy Neoadjuvant therapy will consist of epirubicin (100 mg/m\^2) + cyclophosphamide (600 mg/m\^2) every 2 weeks for 4 cycles; followed by a 3-week break; followed by docetaxel (75 mg/m\^2) every 2 weeks for 4 cycles + trastuzumab (6 mg/kg \[loading dose\] once then 4 mg/kg \[maintenance dose\]) every 2 weeks for 4 treatments. | 30 |
| Total | 30 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 |
|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Adverse Event | 1 |
| Overall Study | Withdrawal by Subject | 1 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Neoadjuvant Therapy |
|---|---|
| Age, Categorical <=18 years | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical >=65 years | 3 Participants |
| Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years | 27 Participants |
| Age Continuous | 50.1 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.17 |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 30 participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 30 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 0 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk |
|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | — / — |
| other Total, other adverse events | 30 / 30 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 4 / 30 |
Outcome results
Frequency of Grade 3 or 4 Hematologic and Nonhematologic Toxicities
Toxicities are evaluated according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, version 3.0. Grade refers to the severity of the adverse event (AE). Generally, grade 1 = mild AE; grade 2 = moderate AE; grade 3 = severe AE; grade 4 = life-threatening or disabling AE; grade 5 = death related to AE.
Time frame: Toxicities are evaluated every 2 weeks during neoadjuvant treatment and assessed once during the post-treatment follow-up period, up to 25 weeks.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Neoadjuvant Therapy | Frequency of Grade 3 or 4 Hematologic and Nonhematologic Toxicities | CTCAE grade 3 hematologic events | 2 Events |
| Neoadjuvant Therapy | Frequency of Grade 3 or 4 Hematologic and Nonhematologic Toxicities | CTCAE grade 3 non-hematologic events | 11 Events |
| Neoadjuvant Therapy | Frequency of Grade 3 or 4 Hematologic and Nonhematologic Toxicities | CTCAE grade 4 hematologic events | 0 Events |
| Neoadjuvant Therapy | Frequency of Grade 3 or 4 Hematologic and Nonhematologic Toxicities | CTCAE grade 4 non-hematologic events | 0 Events |
Percentage of Subjects Able to Complete > 85% of the Planned Dose on Schedule
Feasibility will be determined by evaluating the percentage of subjects able to complete the neoadjuvant portion of the study on time with \> 85% of the protocol-specified dose.
Time frame: From the start of treatment through the neoadjuvant treatment period (approximately 20 weeks)
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Neoadjuvant Therapy | Percentage of Subjects Able to Complete > 85% of the Planned Dose on Schedule | 60 percentage of participants |
Clinical Response Prior to Surgery
Clinical response was assessed via physical exam every 2 weeks during neoadjuvant treatment and via imaging prior to definitive surgery. Clinical complete response was defined as no evidence of cancer in breast by exam or imaging. Clinical partial response was defined as \>= 50 % reduction in sum of diameters to measurement of primary lesion compared to pretreatment by exam or imaging. Clinical stable disease was defined as \< 50% reduction in sum of diameters to measurement of primary lesion compared to pretreatment by exam or imaging, and \< 25% increase in sum of diameters.
Time frame: Assessed every 2 weeks during neoadjuvant treatment and prior to definitive surgery, up to 23 weeks.
Population: Clinical response assessment was available for 27 patients at the time of surgery.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Neoadjuvant Therapy | Clinical Response Prior to Surgery | Clinical complete response | 20 Participants |
| Neoadjuvant Therapy | Clinical Response Prior to Surgery | Clinical partial response | 5 Participants |
| Neoadjuvant Therapy | Clinical Response Prior to Surgery | Clinical stable disease | 2 Participants |
Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF)
LVEF was assessed by echocardiogram (ECHO) or multigated angiogram (MUGA) during neoadjuvant treatment and during follow-up.
Time frame: At screening, prior to cycle 5, prior to surgery, and then during follow-up at Month 6, 12, 24, and 36
Population: Note that the number of participants analyzed changes with the study interval. At Screening n=30, after Epirubicin/Cyclophosphamide n=30, Pre-surgery n=28, Follow-up Month 6 n=28, Follow-up Month 12 n=20, Follow-up Month 24 n=9, and Follow-up Month 36 n=1.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neoadjuvant Therapy | Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) | Screening | 63.55 LVEF percent | Standard Deviation 7.85 |
| Neoadjuvant Therapy | Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) | After Epirubicin/Cyclophosphamide | 61.94 LVEF percent | Standard Deviation 6.76 |
| Neoadjuvant Therapy | Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) | Pre-Surgery | 56.88 LVEF percent | Standard Deviation 10.33 |
| Neoadjuvant Therapy | Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) | Follow-up Month 6 | 57.68 LVEF percent | Standard Deviation 8.21 |
| Neoadjuvant Therapy | Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) | Follow-up Month 12 | 58.15 LVEF percent | Standard Deviation 8.47 |
| Neoadjuvant Therapy | Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) | Follow-up Month 24 | 59.38 LVEF percent | Standard Deviation 3.2 |
| Neoadjuvant Therapy | Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) | Follow-up Month 36 | 55.00 LVEF percent | Standard Deviation 7.07 |
Overall Survival (OS)
Overall survival is defined as the time from treatment start until death from any cause. The median overall survival time is used to measure OS.
Time frame: Measured from day 1 of treatment until time of death, assessed up to 48 months.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Neoadjuvant Therapy | Overall Survival (OS) | NA Months |
Pathologic Response
Pathologic response was assessed at time of definitive surgery, scheduled to occur 20-24 weeks after study treatment start. Pathologic complete response was defined as no invasive carcinoma in surgical specimen of breast, but residual ductal carcinoma in situ may be present. Pathologic partial response was defined as \>= 50% decrease in sum of diameters in pathologic cancer size compared to pretreatment clinical size. Stable disease was defined as \< 50% decrease in sum of diameters in pathologic cancer size compared to pretreatment clinical size, and \< 25% increase in sum of diameters.
Time frame: At completion of neoadjuvant treatment period, up to 24 weeks.
Population: 28 patients went to surgery, so 28 patients were included in the surgery sample. Note that 4 patients in the pathologic complete response (pCR) group had residual ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS).
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Neoadjuvant Therapy | Pathologic Response | Pathologic complete response (pCR) | 16 Participants |
| Neoadjuvant Therapy | Pathologic Response | Pathologic partial response (pPR) | 9 Participants |
| Neoadjuvant Therapy | Pathologic Response | Stable disease (SD) | 3 Participants |
Progression-free Survival (PFS)
PFS is defined as the duration of time from start of treatment to time of progression or death, whichever comes first.
Time frame: PFS was measured from day 1 of treatment until time of progression or death, whichever comes first, assessed up to 48 months.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Neoadjuvant Therapy | Progression-free Survival (PFS) | NA Months |