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Efficacy and Safety Study of DX-88 to Treat Acute Attacks of Hereditary Angioedema (HAE)

A Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study (72 Patients, Randomized 1:1) Followed by a Repeat-dosing Phase to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of DX-88 (Ecallantide; Recombinant Plasma Kallikrein Inhibitor) for the Treatment of Acute Attacks of Hereditary Angioedema

Status
Completed
Phases
Phase 3
Study type
Interventional
Source
ClinicalTrials.gov
Registry ID
NCT00262080
Enrollment
91
Registered
2005-12-06
Start date
2005-12-31
Completion date
2007-02-28
Last updated
2021-06-11

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Hereditary Angioedema (HAE)

Brief summary

The purpose of this study is to determine if a subcutaneous dose of DX-88 (ecallantide; an investigational product) is safe and relieves symptoms of HAE in patients suffering from moderate to severe acute attacks of HAE.

Interventions

dose of 30 mg (10 mg/ml) given as 3 subcutaneous injections.

DRUGPhosphate Buffer Saline (PBS),

given as three 1mL subcutaneous injections.

Sponsors

Shire
Lead SponsorINDUSTRY

Study design

Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
QUADRUPLE (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)

Eligibility

Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
10 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

* Age 10 and older * Documented diagnosis of HAE, Type I or II * Executed informed consent * Presentation for treatment within 8 hours of patient recognition of moderate to severe HAE attack

Exclusion criteria

* Receipt of investigational drug or device, other than DX-88, within 30 days of treatment * Receipt of non-investigational C1-INH (C1 esterase inhibitor) within 7 days of treatment * Diagnostic of acquired angioedema, estrogen-dependent angioedema or drug induced angioedema * Pregnancy or breastfeeding * Patients who have received DX-88 within 7 days of presentation for dosing in the Double-blind Phase

Design outcomes

Primary

MeasureTime frameDescription
Treatment Outcome Score at 4 Hours Post-Dose4 hours post-dose (DOUBLE-BLIND PART)Treatment Outcome Score (TOS) is a validated, comprehensive measure of symptom response to treatment. At 4 hours , patient assessment of response characterized by their change from baseline in symptom severity and collected by anatomic site of attack involvement, was recorded on a categorical scale (significant improvement \[100\] to significant worsening \[-100\]). The response at each anatomic site was weighted by baseline severity and then the weighted scores across all involved sites were averaged to calculate the TOS. Clinically meaningful improvement was indicated by a TOS of 30 or higher.

Secondary

MeasureTime frameDescription
Change From Baseline in Mean Symptom Complex Severity (MSCS) Score at 4 Hours Post-dosebaseline, 4 hours post-dose (DOUBLE-BLIND PART)Mean Symptom Complex Severity (MSCS) score is a validated, comprehensive point-in-time measure of symptom severity. At baseline and 4 hours, patients rated the severity on a categorical scale (0 = normal, 1 = mild, 2 = moderate, 3 = severe) for symptoms at each affected anatomical location. Ratings were averaged to obtain the MSCS score. A decrease in MSCS score reflected an improvement in symptoms; clinically meaningful improvement (minimally important difference) was indicated by a reduction in the score of 0.30 or more.
Time to Significant Improvement in Overall Response4 hours post-dose (DOUBLE-BLIND PART)The overall response assessment is a patient-reported assessment of global response to therapy. Patients are asked to perform an overall response assessment at regular intervals, relative to baseline. Patients were asked overall how are you feeling compared to how they felt before study drug. Answer options were a lot worse, a little worse, same, a little better or a lot better or resolved. Significant improvement was the first time that the patient responded to the assessment as a little better or resolved.

Other

MeasureTime frameDescription
Number of Patients With Symptom Complexes of Treated Attack at Baseline(DOUBLE-BLIND PART)BaselinePatient-reported severity of symptom complexes at baseline, by symptom complex and treatment group. Patients were to have at least one symptom complex that was moderate or severe. Patients could present with multiple symptom complexes, some of which could be mild. Mild=noticeable but do not impact daily living activities; Moderate=treatment or intervention is highly desirable and activities of daily living are impacted; Severe=require treatment or intervention due to inability to perform activities of daily living. The results are for number of patients with symptom complexes including mild, moderate and severe, provided the patients have at least one symptom complex that was moderate or severe
Time to Significant Improvement in Overall Response Over Multiple Treatment Episodes4 hours post-dose (REPEAT-DOSING PART)The overall response assessment is a patient-reported assessment of global response to therapy. Patients are asked to perform an overall response assessment at regular intervals, relative to baseline (ie,immediately before treatment) using the following 5-category scale from significant improvement (Score = 100)to significant worsening (Score = -100)
Treatment Outcome Score at 4 Hours Post-Dose Over Multiple Treatment Episodes4 hours post-dose (REPEAT-DOSING PART)Treatment Outcome Score (TOS) is a validated, comprehensive measure of symptom response to treatment. At 4 hours , patient assessment of response characterized by their change from baseline in symptom severity and collected by anatomic site of attack involvement, was recorded on a categorical scale (significant improvement \[100\] to significant worsening \[-100\]). The response at each anatomic site was weighted by baseline severity and then the weighted scores across all involved sites were averaged to calculate the TOS. Clinically meaningful improvement was indicated by a TOS of 30 or higher.
Change From Baseline in Mean Symptom Complex Severity (MSCS) Score at 4 Hours Post-dose Over Multiple Treatment Episodesbaseline, 4 hours post-dose (REPEAT-DOSING PART)The Mean Symptom Complex Severity (MSCS) score is a validated, comprehensive point-in-time measure of symptom severity. At baseline and 4 hours, patients rated the severity on a categorical scale (0 = normal, 1 = mild, 2 = moderate, 3 = severe) for symptoms at each affected anatomical location. Ratings were averaged to obtain the MSCS score. A decrease in MSCS score reflected an improvement in symptoms; clinically meaningful improvement was indicated by a reduction in the score of 0.30 or more.

Countries

United States

Participant flow

Pre-assignment details

Patients were screened in advance of presenting with an Hereditary Angioedema (HAE) attack but were randomized only upon attack.

Participants by arm

ArmCount
Ecallantide / Ecallantide
Patients treated with ecallantide in the double-blind part (ITT as treated) and eligible for treatment with ecallantide in the repeat-dosing part of the study once their Follow-up Visit 1 (Day 7) in the double-blind part was completed.
36
Placebo / Ecallantide
Patients treated with placebo in the double-blind part (ITT as treated) and eligible for treatment with ecallantide in the repeat-dosing part of the study once their Follow-up Visit 1 (Day 7) in the double-blind part was completed.
36
Ecallantide (Repeat-Dosing Part Only)
Patients not treated in the double-blind part but treated with ecallantide in the repeat-dosing part. One patient was omitted from analysis in the intent-to-treat and per-protocol populations due to the loss of the data for the 4-hour post-dose assessments during treatment episode 1.
18
Total90

Withdrawals & dropouts

PeriodReasonFG000FG001FG002
Double Blind Treatment PeriodLost to Follow-up100
Repeat Dose Treatment PeriodAdverse Event100
Repeat Dose Treatment PeriodDecision to discontinue the study002
Repeat Dose Treatment Periodenrolled in EDEMA4100
Repeat Dose Treatment PeriodLost to Follow-up202
Repeat Dose Treatment PeriodWithdrawal by Subject011

Baseline characteristics

CharacteristicEcallantide / EcallantidePlacebo / EcallantideEcallantide (Repeat-Dosing Part Only)Total
Age, Continuous37.1 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 14.3
33.6 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 14.6
35.0 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 14.6
34.7 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 14.7
Sex: Female, Male
Female
23 Participants24 Participants11 Participants58 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
13 Participants12 Participants7 Participants32 Participants

Adverse events

Event typeEG000
affected / at risk
EG001
affected / at risk
EG002
affected / at risk
deaths
Total, all-cause mortality
— / —— / —— / —
other
Total, other adverse events
13 / 367 / 3622 / 67
serious
Total, serious adverse events
3 / 362 / 367 / 67

Outcome results

Primary

Treatment Outcome Score at 4 Hours Post-Dose

Treatment Outcome Score (TOS) is a validated, comprehensive measure of symptom response to treatment. At 4 hours , patient assessment of response characterized by their change from baseline in symptom severity and collected by anatomic site of attack involvement, was recorded on a categorical scale (significant improvement \[100\] to significant worsening \[-100\]). The response at each anatomic site was weighted by baseline severity and then the weighted scores across all involved sites were averaged to calculate the TOS. Clinically meaningful improvement was indicated by a TOS of 30 or higher.

Time frame: 4 hours post-dose (DOUBLE-BLIND PART)

Population: ITT as treated: two patients randomized on the same day at the same study center were administered treatment opposite to their randomized treatment assignment. Data were analyzed based on actual treatment received. Imputation was used to account for emerging symptoms and medical intervention. Best possible score = 100; worst possible score = -100.

ArmMeasureValue (MEAN)Dispersion
EcallantideTreatment Outcome Score at 4 Hours Post-Dose49.5 units on a scaleStandard Deviation 59.43
PlaceboTreatment Outcome Score at 4 Hours Post-Dose18.5 units on a scaleStandard Deviation 67.78
Comparison: The primary efficacy analysis compared the TOS at 4 hours post-dosing for patients treated with ecallantide and placebo. Treatment effect was assessed by the non-parametric Wilcoxon Rank Sum test because of an assumed non-normal distribution.p-value: 0.037non-parametric Wilcoxon Rank Sum test
Secondary

Change From Baseline in Mean Symptom Complex Severity (MSCS) Score at 4 Hours Post-dose

Mean Symptom Complex Severity (MSCS) score is a validated, comprehensive point-in-time measure of symptom severity. At baseline and 4 hours, patients rated the severity on a categorical scale (0 = normal, 1 = mild, 2 = moderate, 3 = severe) for symptoms at each affected anatomical location. Ratings were averaged to obtain the MSCS score. A decrease in MSCS score reflected an improvement in symptoms; clinically meaningful improvement (minimally important difference) was indicated by a reduction in the score of 0.30 or more.

Time frame: baseline, 4 hours post-dose (DOUBLE-BLIND PART)

Population: ITT as treated: two patients randomized on the same day at the same center were administered treatment opposite to their randomized treatment assignments. Data were analyzed based on their actual treatment received. Imputation was used to account for emerging symptoms and medical intervention. Best possible score = 0.0; worst possible score = 3.0.

ArmMeasureGroupValue (MEAN)Dispersion
EcallantideChange From Baseline in Mean Symptom Complex Severity (MSCS) Score at 4 Hours Post-doseMSCS Score at baseline2.17 units on a scaleStandard Deviation 0.51
EcallantideChange From Baseline in Mean Symptom Complex Severity (MSCS) Score at 4 Hours Post-doseMSCS Score at 4 hours post-dose1.26 units on a scaleStandard Deviation 0.96
EcallantideChange From Baseline in Mean Symptom Complex Severity (MSCS) Score at 4 Hours Post-doseChange from baseline in MSCS at 4 hours post-dose-0.91 units on a scaleStandard Deviation 1.1
PlaceboChange From Baseline in Mean Symptom Complex Severity (MSCS) Score at 4 Hours Post-doseMSCS Score at baseline2.24 units on a scaleStandard Deviation 0.55
PlaceboChange From Baseline in Mean Symptom Complex Severity (MSCS) Score at 4 Hours Post-doseMSCS Score at 4 hours post-dose1.75 units on a scaleStandard Deviation 0.9
PlaceboChange From Baseline in Mean Symptom Complex Severity (MSCS) Score at 4 Hours Post-doseChange from baseline in MSCS at 4 hours post-dose-0.48 units on a scaleStandard Deviation 0.68
Comparison: The analysis compared the change from baseline in MSCS score at 4 hours post-dosing for patients treated with ecallantide and placebo. Treatment effect was assessed by the non-parametric Wilcoxon Rank Sum test because of an assumed non-normal distribution.p-value: 0.044Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test.
Secondary

Time to Significant Improvement in Overall Response

The overall response assessment is a patient-reported assessment of global response to therapy. Patients are asked to perform an overall response assessment at regular intervals, relative to baseline. Patients were asked overall how are you feeling compared to how they felt before study drug. Answer options were a lot worse, a little worse, same, a little better or a lot better or resolved. Significant improvement was the first time that the patient responded to the assessment as a little better or resolved.

Time frame: 4 hours post-dose (DOUBLE-BLIND PART)

Population: ITT as treated. Patients not reporting significant improvement before 4 hours were censored at 4 hours. Patients receiving additional HAE therapy within 4 hours were censored at the time of the medical intervention. The time to significant improvement is not provided in this display as the median time for placebo was not reached by 4 hours.

ArmMeasureGroupValue (NUMBER)
EcallantideTime to Significant Improvement in Overall ResponsePatients with Significant Improvement19 participant
EcallantideTime to Significant Improvement in Overall ResponsePatients with Censored Data17 participant
PlaceboTime to Significant Improvement in Overall ResponsePatients with Significant Improvement11 participant
PlaceboTime to Significant Improvement in Overall ResponsePatients with Censored Data25 participant
Comparison: The Log-Rank test was used to compare the time distribution between the two treatment groups.p-value: 0.055Log Rank
Other Pre-specified

Change From Baseline in Mean Symptom Complex Severity (MSCS) Score at 4 Hours Post-dose Over Multiple Treatment Episodes

The Mean Symptom Complex Severity (MSCS) score is a validated, comprehensive point-in-time measure of symptom severity. At baseline and 4 hours, patients rated the severity on a categorical scale (0 = normal, 1 = mild, 2 = moderate, 3 = severe) for symptoms at each affected anatomical location. Ratings were averaged to obtain the MSCS score. A decrease in MSCS score reflected an improvement in symptoms; clinically meaningful improvement was indicated by a reduction in the score of 0.30 or more.

Time frame: baseline, 4 hours post-dose (REPEAT-DOSING PART)

Population: Treatment episode 1 contains data only from those participants who were new patients in the repeat-dosing part. Treatment episode 2 and beyond contain data pooled from patients treated in the double-blind part (ecallantide or placebo) and the repeat-dosing part. Data imputation was used to account for emerging symptoms and medical intervention.

ArmMeasureGroupValue (MEAN)Dispersion
EcallantideChange From Baseline in Mean Symptom Complex Severity (MSCS) Score at 4 Hours Post-dose Over Multiple Treatment EpisodesEpisode 6 (n = 9)-0.87 units on a scaleStandard Deviation 0.75
EcallantideChange From Baseline in Mean Symptom Complex Severity (MSCS) Score at 4 Hours Post-dose Over Multiple Treatment EpisodesEpisode 1 (n = 17)-1.16 units on a scaleStandard Deviation 0.87
EcallantideChange From Baseline in Mean Symptom Complex Severity (MSCS) Score at 4 Hours Post-dose Over Multiple Treatment EpisodesEpisode 2 (n = 51)-1.12 units on a scaleStandard Deviation 0.9
EcallantideChange From Baseline in Mean Symptom Complex Severity (MSCS) Score at 4 Hours Post-dose Over Multiple Treatment EpisodesEpisode 3 (n = 30)-1.31 units on a scaleStandard Deviation 0.87
EcallantideChange From Baseline in Mean Symptom Complex Severity (MSCS) Score at 4 Hours Post-dose Over Multiple Treatment EpisodesEpisode 4 (n = 21)-1.38 units on a scaleStandard Deviation 0.79
EcallantideChange From Baseline in Mean Symptom Complex Severity (MSCS) Score at 4 Hours Post-dose Over Multiple Treatment EpisodesEpisode 5 (n = 11)-0.89 units on a scaleStandard Deviation 0.72
Other Pre-specified

Number of Patients With Symptom Complexes of Treated Attack at Baseline(DOUBLE-BLIND PART)

Patient-reported severity of symptom complexes at baseline, by symptom complex and treatment group. Patients were to have at least one symptom complex that was moderate or severe. Patients could present with multiple symptom complexes, some of which could be mild. Mild=noticeable but do not impact daily living activities; Moderate=treatment or intervention is highly desirable and activities of daily living are impacted; Severe=require treatment or intervention due to inability to perform activities of daily living. The results are for number of patients with symptom complexes including mild, moderate and severe, provided the patients have at least one symptom complex that was moderate or severe

Time frame: Baseline

ArmMeasureGroupValue (NUMBER)
EcallantideNumber of Patients With Symptom Complexes of Treated Attack at Baseline(DOUBLE-BLIND PART)Stomach/GI19 participants
EcallantideNumber of Patients With Symptom Complexes of Treated Attack at Baseline(DOUBLE-BLIND PART)External Head/Neck5 participants
EcallantideNumber of Patients With Symptom Complexes of Treated Attack at Baseline(DOUBLE-BLIND PART)Genital/Buttocks2 participants
EcallantideNumber of Patients With Symptom Complexes of Treated Attack at Baseline(DOUBLE-BLIND PART)Cutaneous21 participants
EcallantideNumber of Patients With Symptom Complexes of Treated Attack at Baseline(DOUBLE-BLIND PART)Internal Head/Neck Symptoms9 participants
PlaceboNumber of Patients With Symptom Complexes of Treated Attack at Baseline(DOUBLE-BLIND PART)Cutaneous14 participants
PlaceboNumber of Patients With Symptom Complexes of Treated Attack at Baseline(DOUBLE-BLIND PART)Internal Head/Neck Symptoms4 participants
PlaceboNumber of Patients With Symptom Complexes of Treated Attack at Baseline(DOUBLE-BLIND PART)Stomach/GI22 participants
PlaceboNumber of Patients With Symptom Complexes of Treated Attack at Baseline(DOUBLE-BLIND PART)Genital/Buttocks4 participants
PlaceboNumber of Patients With Symptom Complexes of Treated Attack at Baseline(DOUBLE-BLIND PART)External Head/Neck8 participants
Other Pre-specified

Time to Significant Improvement in Overall Response Over Multiple Treatment Episodes

The overall response assessment is a patient-reported assessment of global response to therapy. Patients are asked to perform an overall response assessment at regular intervals, relative to baseline (ie,immediately before treatment) using the following 5-category scale from significant improvement (Score = 100)to significant worsening (Score = -100)

Time frame: 4 hours post-dose (REPEAT-DOSING PART)

Population: Patients not reporting significant improvement before 4 hours were censored at 4 hours. Patients receiving additional HAE therapy within 4 hours were censored at the time of the medical intervention. The time to significant improvement is not provided in this display as the interquartile range (IQR) was not reached by 4 hours for most episodes.

ArmMeasureGroupValue (NUMBER)
EcallantideTime to Significant Improvement in Overall Response Over Multiple Treatment EpisodesEpisode 1 (n=18)10 participants
EcallantideTime to Significant Improvement in Overall Response Over Multiple Treatment EpisodesEpisode 2 (n=51)37 participants
EcallantideTime to Significant Improvement in Overall Response Over Multiple Treatment EpisodesEpisode 3 (n=30)24 participants
EcallantideTime to Significant Improvement in Overall Response Over Multiple Treatment EpisodesEpisode 4 (n=21)14 participants
EcallantideTime to Significant Improvement in Overall Response Over Multiple Treatment EpisodesEpisode 5 (n=11)6 participants
EcallantideTime to Significant Improvement in Overall Response Over Multiple Treatment EpisodesEpisode 6 (n=9)5 participants
Other Pre-specified

Treatment Outcome Score at 4 Hours Post-Dose Over Multiple Treatment Episodes

Treatment Outcome Score (TOS) is a validated, comprehensive measure of symptom response to treatment. At 4 hours , patient assessment of response characterized by their change from baseline in symptom severity and collected by anatomic site of attack involvement, was recorded on a categorical scale (significant improvement \[100\] to significant worsening \[-100\]). The response at each anatomic site was weighted by baseline severity and then the weighted scores across all involved sites were averaged to calculate the TOS. Clinically meaningful improvement was indicated by a TOS of 30 or higher.

Time frame: 4 hours post-dose (REPEAT-DOSING PART)

Population: Treatment episode 1 contains data only from those participants who were new patients in the repeat-dosing part. Treatment episode 2 and beyond contain data pooled from patients treated in the double-blind part (ecallantide or placebo) and the repeat-dosing part. Data imputation was used to account for emerging symptoms and medical intervention.

ArmMeasureGroupValue (MEAN)Dispersion
EcallantideTreatment Outcome Score at 4 Hours Post-Dose Over Multiple Treatment EpisodesEpisode 1 (n =18)71.3 units on a scaleStandard Deviation 28.85
EcallantideTreatment Outcome Score at 4 Hours Post-Dose Over Multiple Treatment EpisodesEpisode 2 (n = 51)73.3 units on a scaleStandard Deviation 44.9
EcallantideTreatment Outcome Score at 4 Hours Post-Dose Over Multiple Treatment EpisodesEpisode 3 (n = 30)81.9 units on a scaleStandard Deviation 28.52
EcallantideTreatment Outcome Score at 4 Hours Post-Dose Over Multiple Treatment EpisodesEpisode 4 (n = 21)81.2 units on a scaleStandard Deviation 24.53
EcallantideTreatment Outcome Score at 4 Hours Post-Dose Over Multiple Treatment EpisodesEpisode 5 (n = 11)48.5 units on a scaleStandard Deviation 68.5
EcallantideTreatment Outcome Score at 4 Hours Post-Dose Over Multiple Treatment EpisodesEpisode 6 (n = 9)60.4 units on a scaleStandard Deviation 49.26

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov · Data processed: Mar 31, 2026