Analgesic Affect
Conditions
Brief summary
Our proposal is to study infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) who are undergoing a heel stick for blood sampling, a standard procedure in patient care. Currently, these infants do not get any pain relief for this procedure. Several recent clinical studies have shown the usefulness of nitrous oxide (laughing gas) for treating pain for minor procedures in children 0 to 18 years, but these effects have not been exclusively studied in the newborn and infant populations. Animal studies have questioned the anti-nociceptive (pain-blocking) effect of nitrous oxide in very young animals. It is unclear if this also applies to humans. The reason for this difference may be due to an immaturity of the neural pathways that modulate pain in the very young. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether or not nitrous oxide has an analgesic (pain-relieving) effect in infants undergoing minor procedures in the neonatal period (less than 3 months).
Interventions
DRUGNitrous Oxide
Sponsors
University of California, Los Angeles
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Masking
SINGLE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
1 Minutes to 3 Months
Inclusion criteria
\- Full-term babies up to three months old scheduled for heel stick blood draw.
Exclusion criteria
* preterm, difficult airway (micrognathia, cranio-facial malformation, choanal atresia, Pierre Robin syndrome, or Treacher Collins syndrome), sedated, intubated (including tracheostomy), have an oxygen requirement (FiO2\>40%), anemia, bone marrow suppression, or cardiac defect
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| NIPS scale | — |
| salivary cortisol level | — |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed