Effects of Carbidopa/Levodopa/Entacapone on Motor Function and Quality of Life in Patients With Parkinson's Disease

Motor function was assessed with the UPDRS part III. There are 14 items in the instrument, each measured on a 5 point scale (0-4): Speech, facial expression, tremor at rest, action tremor, rigidity, finger taps, hand movements, hand pronation and supination, leg agility, arising from chair, posture, gait, postural stability, and body bradykinesia. The sum of scores can range from 0 to 56; a higher score indicates greater disability. A negative change score indicates improvement.

Time frame: Baseline to Week 4

Population: Intent-to-treat (ITT) population: All randomized patients who received at least one dose of study drug and had at least one post-baseline assessment of the primary efficacy variable. Only patients with baseline and Week 4 UPDRS part III scores were included in the analysis.

Quality of life was assessed with the Parkinson's Disease Quality of Life Instrument (PDQUALIF), a 33-item self-reported questionnaire which includes seven domains: Social/role function, self-imaging/sexuality, sleep, outlook, physical function, independence, and urinary function. Questions are scored on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (never) to 3 (sometimes) to 5 (always). The 1 to 5 range was recoded to 0 to 4 for the analysis. The total score can range from 0 to 132. A lower score indicates better quality of life. A negative change score indicates improvement.

Time frame: Baseline to end of treatment (Week 16 in the Immediate Switch group, Week 20 in the Delayed Switch group)

Population: ITT population - For each patient, the last post-baseline measurement during the treatment phase was used as the end-of-treatment measurement. Only patients with baseline and end-of-treatment PDQUALIF scores were included in the analysis.

Quality of life was assessed with the Parkinson's Disease Quality of Life Instrument (PDQUALIF), a 33-item self-reported questionnaire which includes seven domains: Social/role function, self-imaging/sexuality, sleep, outlook, physical function, independence, and urinary function. Questions are scored on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (never) to 3 (sometimes) to 5 (always). The 1 to 5 range was recoded to 0 to 4 for the analysis. The total score can range from 0 to 132. A lower score indicates better quality of life. A negative change score indicates improvement.

Time frame: Baseline to Week 4

Population: Intent-to-treat (ITT) population: All randomized patients who received at least one dose of study drug and had at least one post-baseline assessment of the primary efficacy variable. Only patients with baseline and Week 4 PDQUALIF scores were included in the analysis.

Quality of life was assessed with the Parkinson's Disease Quality of Life Instrument (PDQUALIF), a 33-item self-reported questionnaire which includes seven domains: Social/role function, self-imaging/sexuality, sleep, outlook, physical function, independence, and urinary function. Questions are scored on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (never) to 3 (sometimes) to 5 (always). The 1 to 5 range was recoded to 0 to 4 for the analysis. The total score can range from 0 to 132. A lower score indicates better quality of life. A negative change score indicates improvement.

Time frame: Baseline to Week 8

Population: Intent-to-treat (ITT) population: All randomized patients who received at least one dose of study drug and had at least one post-baseline assessment of the primary efficacy variable. Only patients with baseline and Week 8 PDQUALIF scores were included in the analysis.

The PDQ-39 is another instrument used to assess quality of life in individuals with Parkinson's disease. The questionnaire provides scores on eight scales: Mobility, activities of daily living, emotions, stigma, social support, cognition, communication, and bodily discomfort. Questions are scored on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (never) to 3 (sometimes) to 5 (always). The 1 to 5 range was recoded to 0 to 4 for the analysis. The total score can range from 0 to 156. A lower score indicates better quality of life. A negative change score indicates an improvement.

Time frame: Baseline to end of treatment (Week 16 in the Immediate Switch group, Week 20 in the Delayed Switch group)

Population: ITT population - For each patient, the last post-baseline measurement during the treatment phase was used as the end-of-treatment measurement. Only patients with baseline and end-of-treatment PDQ-39 scores were included in the analysis.

The PDQ-39 is another instrument used to assess quality of life in individuals with Parkinson's disease. The questionnaire provides scores on eight scales: Mobility, activities of daily living, emotions, stigma, social support, cognition, communication, and bodily discomfort. Questions are scored on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (never) to 3 (sometimes) to 5 (always). The 1 to 5 range was recoded to 0 to 4 for the analysis. The total score can range from 0 to 156. A lower score indicates better quality of life. A negative change score indicates an improvement.

Time frame: Baseline to Week 4

Population: Intent-to-treat (ITT) population: All randomized patients who received at least one dose of study drug and had at least one post-baseline assessment of the primary efficacy variable. Only patients with baseline and Week 4 PDQ-39 scores were included in the analysis.

The PDQ-39 is another instrument used to assess quality of life in individuals with Parkinson's disease. The questionnaire provides scores on eight scales: Mobility, activities of daily living, emotions, stigma, social support, cognition, communication, and bodily discomfort. Questions are scored on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (never) to 3 (sometimes) to 5 (always). The 1 to 5 range was recoded to 0 to 4 for the analysis. The total score can range from 0 to 156. A lower score indicates better quality of life. A negative change score indicates an improvement.

Time frame: Baseline to Week 8

Population: Intent-to-treat (ITT) population: All randomized patients who received at least one dose of study drug and had at least one post-baseline assessment of the primary efficacy variable. Only patients with baseline and Week 8 PDQ-39 scores were included in the analysis.

Motor function was assessed with the UPDRS part III. There are 14 items in the instrument, each measured on a 5 point scale (0-4): Speech, facial expression, tremor at rest, action tremor, rigidity, finger taps, hand movements, hand pronation and supination, leg agility, arising from chair, posture, gait, postural stability, and body bradykinesia. The sum of scores can range from 0 to 56; a higher score indicates greater disability. A negative change score indicates improvement.

Time frame: Baseline to end of treatment (Week 16 in the Immediate Switch group, Week 20 in the Delayed Switch group)

Population: ITT population - For each patient, the last post-baseline measurement during the treatment phase was used as the end-of-treatment measurement. Only patients with baseline and end-of-treatment UPDRS part III scores were included in the analysis.

Motor function was assessed with the UPDRS part III. There are 14 items in the instrument, each measured on a 5-point scale (0-4): Speech, facial expression, tremor at rest, action tremor, rigidity, finger taps, hand movements, hand pronation and supination, leg agility, arising from chair, posture, gait, postural stability, and body bradykinesia. The sum of scores can range from 0 to 56; a higher score indicates greater disability. A negative change score indicates improvement.

Time frame: Baseline to Week 8

Population: Intent-to-treat (ITT) population: All randomized patients who received at least one dose of study drug and had at least one post-baseline assessment of the primary efficacy variable. Only patients with baseline and Week 8 UPDRS part III scores were included in the analysis.