Opiate Dependence, Pregnancy
Conditions
Keywords
Buprenorphine, Methadone
Brief summary
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of drugs used by treatment providers on the fetuses and infants of opiate dependent women. The subjects in this study are women enrolled in a large, multi-site, double blind study that looks at the effects of methadone and buprenorphine treatment during pregnancy. This study will evaluate fetal and maternal biophysiologic data longitudinally during pregnancy to determine how these substances may affect fetal neurobehavior. Additionally, infant neurobehavioral assessments and measurements of infant vagal tone will be collected to see how methadone and buprenorphine differentially affect the neonatal abstinence syndrome, or withdrawal in exposed neonates.
Detailed description
Previous research by this group has found that methadone treatment during pregnancy directly impacts fetal neurophysiology independently of maternal physiology. Buprenorphine is a new therapy for opiate dependent individuals, and its use during pregnancy is currently being evaluated. Some research has shown that buprenorphine lessens the neonatal abstinence syndrome when compared to methadone. Thirty methadone and 30 buprenorphine maintained women will be evaluated at 24, 28, 32 and 36 weeks gestation using a state-of-the-art computerized fetal actocardiograph and data analysis program to simultaneously evaluate fetal movement and heart rate and maternal physiologic parameters. Investigators will be blinded to treatment group. Longitudinal neurodevelopment of the fetuses in each group will be explored. The differential effects of methadone and buprenorphine on the neonatal abstinence syndrome will also be explored.
Interventions
PROCEDUREBuprenorphine / methadone
Parallel study to double blind, double dummy study evaluating safety and efficacy of buprenorphine vs methadone treatment for pregnant opioid dependent women
Sponsors
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Johns Hopkins University
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
18 Years to 40 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* generally healthy opiate dependent women * currently enrolled in the study Maternal Opioid Treatment, Human Experimental Research study * uncomplicated singleton pregnancies
Exclusion criteria
* complications of pregnancy, including HIV, diabetes, polyhydramnios, hypertension, preterm labor or placenta previa * evidence of fetal malformation * significant maternal health problems, including HIV infection * significant maternal psychopathology that would preclude informed consent, including schizophrenia * alcohol dependency per DSM IV criteria
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Fetal heart rate | up to 300 minutes |
| Fetal movement | up to 300 minutes |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Neonatal abstinence syndrome | 4 days |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed