Insulin Resistance
Conditions
Keywords
Maori, insulin sensitivity, cardiovascular risk, diabetes prevention, diet modification
Brief summary
High protein diets are popular among Maori, especially on the East Coast of the North Island. The purpose of this study was to compare the metabolic effects of a moderate carbohydrate, high protein diet (MCHP) with a high carbohydrate-high fibre (HCHF) diet on insulin sensitivity in Maori at increased risk of developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Detailed description
This was a 6-month pilot intervention study of self-identifying Maori participants in a randomised control trial conducted in Dunedin and Invercargill. The study consisted of three, two month phases and was conducted over a period of six months. Participants meeting all the inclusion criteria were randomised into three groups: moderate carbohydrate-high protein (MCHP), high carbohydrate-high fibre (HCHF) or a control group. Those randomised to the experimental diets were recommended an energy intake based on their current BMI levels. The aim of phase one was to achieve weight loss with weekly advice and support from the research team. The aim of phase two was for weight maintenance with continued weekly advice and support. Phase three consisted of a weight maintenance phase without support. Those in the control group were instructed to follow their own self selected diet plan. Outcome was determined by examining surrogate clinical endpoints. The clinical endpoints included the following recorded measurements of anthropometric measurements, bioelectrical impedance measurements, profile of mood state questionnaires, activity questionnaires, and three day diet records were collected at 0, 2, 4 and 6 month periods. Biochemical measures of lipid profile, fasting insulin and glucose, liver functions and uric acid levels were also conducted.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALmoderate carbohydrate, high protein diet (MCHP)
BEHAVIORALhigh carbohydrate-high fibre (HCHF) diet
Sponsors
Edgar National Centre for Diabetes Research
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
17 Years to 75 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Self identify as Maori aged between 17-75 years * Male and female * Non-diabetic * Resident of Dunedin and Invercargill * BMI \>27 * Family history of T2D
Exclusion criteria
* The presence of diabetes, renal or liver failure, or any other medical condition which is unstable and for which potential partcipants are currently having active treatment.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Dietary intake as measured by 3-day weight diet records | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Bioelectric Impedence | — |
| Weight | — |
| Waist circumference | — |
| Total cholesterol and lipid subfractions (LDL, HDL) | — |
| Fasting insulin | — |
| Blood pressure | — |
| Inflammatory markers | — |
| Urinary albumin:creatinine ratio | — |
| Quality of life | — |
| All measures to be compared at end of study (6 months) | — |
| Lipoprotein A + B | — |
Countries
New Zealand
Outcome results
None listed