Sarcoma
Conditions
Keywords
childhood fibrosarcoma, nonmetastatic childhood soft tissue sarcoma
Brief summary
RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy work in different ways to stop tumor cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. Giving combination chemotherapy before surgery may shrink the tumor so that it can be removed. Giving combination chemotherapy after surgery may kill any remaining tumor cells. PURPOSE: This phase II trial is studying how well surgery and/or combination chemotherapy work in treating children with fibrosarcoma.
Detailed description
OBJECTIVES: Primary * Determine the event-free and relapse-free survival of children with initially unresectable congenital, infantile, or childhood fibrosarcoma treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy comprising vincristine, dactinomycin, and cyclophosphamide (VAC) before definitive local control. Secondary * Determine the event-free and relapse-free survival of patients initially treated with this regimen followed by observation after local control with positive microscopic margins. * Determine the event-free and relapse-free survival of patients initially treated with this regimen followed by additional chemotherapy comprising etoposide and ifosfamide after local control with gross positive margins. * Determine the event-free and relapse-free survival of patients treated with surgery alone. OUTLINE: This is a pilot, multicenter study. Patients begin treatment according to lesion resectability. Patients with resectable lesions proceed to surgery. * Surgery: Patients undergo resection of disease lesions. Patients with clear or microscopically positive margins undergo observation only. Patients with grossly positive margins undergo re-resection if feasible. Patients with grossly positive margins after re-resection or for whom re-resection is not feasible receive chemotherapy comprising vincristine, dactinomycin, and cyclophosphamide (VAC). Patients with unresectable lesions receive VAC chemotherapy. * VAC chemotherapy: Patients receive vincristine intravenously (IV) on days 1, 8, and 15 and dactinomycin IV and cyclophosphamide IV over 1 hour on day 1. Treatment repeats every 21 days for up to 6 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients with disease progression after 2-4 courses of VAC chemotherapy proceed to chemotherapy comprising etoposide and ifosfamide (IE). Patients with stable disease after 4 courses of VAC chemotherapy proceed to IE chemotherapy. Patients with a partial response (PR) and unresectable lesions after 4 courses of VAC chemotherapy receive 2 additional courses of VAC and are then re-evaluated. Patients proceed to surgery if they continue to have a PR or achieve a complete response (CR) and lesions are now resectable. Patients with a CR or PR and resectable lesions after 4 courses of VAC chemotherapy proceed to surgery. Patients with stable disease, progressive disease, or a PR and unresectable lesions after 6 courses of VAC proceed to IE chemotherapy. * IE chemotherapy: Patients receive etoposide IV over 1 hour and ifosfamide IV over 1 hour on days 1-5. Treatment repeats every 21 days for 4 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients with a CR or PR and resectable lesions after 2-4 courses of IE chemotherapy proceed to surgery. All patients are followed every 3 months for 6 months, every 6 months for 1 year, and then as clinically indicated. PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 60-70 patients will be accrued for this study within 8 years.
Interventions
BIOLOGICALdactinomycin
Given Slow intravenous (IV) push over 1-5 minutes, dose \< 1yr 0.025 mg/kg \> or = 1 yr 0.045 mg/kg (max dose 2.5 mg) on days 1,22,43 and 64
DRUGcyclophosphamide
Given IV over 60 minutes, dose 25 mg/kg on days 1,22,43 and 64.
DRUGetoposide
Given IV over 1 hour, dose 3.3 mg/kg in normal saline (NS) 10 cc/kg (or to equal 0.4 mg/mL concentration) on days 1-5 of IE cycle.
DRUGifosfamide
Given IV over 1 hour, dose 60mg/kg in D5 1/4 NS 10 cc/kg IV on days 1-5 of IE Cycle
DRUGvincristine sulfate
Given IV Push over 1 minute, dose 0.05 mg/kg (max dose 2 mg) on days 1,8,15,22,29,36,43,50,57 and 64
PROCEDUREConventional Surgery
Applied only when lesion is resectable. Surgery is the primary means of local control in this study and reasonable attempts at achieving clear margins with an envelope of normal tissue should be undertaken at the initial and/or subsequent resections.
BIOLOGICALMESNA (mercaptoethane sulfonate)
Given orally. Oral daily MESNA dose is equal to at least 60% of the daily cyclophosphamide dose.
BIOLOGICALFilgrastim
Given IV - Only use filgrastim if chemotherapy has been delayed or modified for hematologic toxicity, or if patient experiences a significant life-threatening toxicity due to bone marrow suppression
Sponsors
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Children's Oncology Group
Study design
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
No minimum to 2 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS: * Histologically confirmed infantile, congenital, or pediatric fibrosarcoma * Initial biopsy or surgery performed within the past 35 days * No evidence of distant metastases * Available tissue for central review PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS: Age * Under 2 at diagnosis Performance status * Zubrod Score (ECOG) Life expectancy * At least 8 weeks Hematopoietic * Absolute neutrophil count at least 1,000/mm\^3 * Platelet count at least 100,000/mm\^3\* * Hemoglobin at least 10.0 g/dL\* NOTE: \*Transfusions allowed Hepatic * Total bilirubin no greater than 1.5 times upper limit of normal (ULN) (patients over 4 weeks of age) * Patients under 4 weeks of age with an indirect hyperbilirubinemia are eligible, provided the following criteria are met: * At least 2 bilirubin values at separate timepoints show a decrease in measurement * Direct bilirubin is no greater than 20% of the total bilirubin * Direct bilirubin no greater than 1.5 times ULN * Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) less than 2.5 times ULN Renal * Creatinine clearance or radioisotope glomerular filtration rate at least 70 mL/min PRIOR/CONCURRENT THERAPY: Biologic therapy * No concurrent sargramostim (GM-CSF) Chemotherapy * No prior chemotherapy * No other concurrent anticancer chemotherapy Endocrine therapy * Not specified Radiotherapy * No prior or concurrent radiotherapy except emergent radiotherapy for impending tracheal compression Surgery * See Disease Characteristics
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Failure-free Survival (FFS) in Chemotherapy Plus Possible Surgery Arm | Study enrollment until failure, completion of follow-up, or completion of 5-year FFS analyses (up to 5 years) | Failure is defined as the occurrence of one of the following: disease progression, defined as at least a 20% increase in the disease measurement, taking as reference the smallest disease measurement recorded since the start of treatment, or the appearance of one or more new lesions; relapse (defined with same criteria as for disease progression) after response; or death as a first event. Data will be summarized as number of eligible patients in each of the following categories at the time of data cutoff for analyses of 5-year FFS: 1)Failed; 2)Failure-free through 5 years of follow-up; 3)Failure-free until data cutoff (if less than 5 years of follow-up); 4)Withdrew from study; 5)Lost to follow-up. NOTE: Reported data are through March 2008 (see Caveats section). |
Countries
Australia, Canada, New Zealand, United States
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Chemotherapy Plus Possible Surgery Comprised of patients with disease lesions that are initially unresectable, or resected but with resulting grossly positive margins. All patients receive vincristine sulfate, dactinomycin, and cyclophosphamide (VAC), and mercaptoethane sulfonate (MESNA). Depending on response, patients may receive ifosfamide and etoposide (IE). Filgrastim may also be given, as needed. In addition to Chemotherapy, patients may receive Conventional Surgery.
(See Interventions section for drug dosage and administration details.) | 3 |
| Surgery Only Comprised of patients with initially resectable disease lesions. All patients undergo Conventional Surgery. Those with a result of clear or microscopically positive margins remain on study in this arm, for observation with no further intervention. | 4 |
| Total | 7 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Follow-up | Early termination of study | 2 | 2 |
| Treatment | Found ineligible | 1 | 2 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Chemotherapy Plus Possible Surgery | Surgery Only | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Categorical <=18 years | 3 Participants | 4 Participants | 7 Participants |
| Age, Categorical >=65 years | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Age, Customized 6 months or more | 1 participants | 2 participants | 3 participants |
| Age, Customized Less than 6 months | 2 participants | 2 participants | 4 participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 0 Participants | 1 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 3 Participants | 3 Participants | 6 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 2 Participants | 0 Participants | 2 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 1 Participants | 4 Participants | 5 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment Australia | 1 participants | 0 participants | 1 participants |
| Region of Enrollment Canada | 1 participants | 0 participants | 1 participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 1 participants | 4 participants | 5 participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 2 Participants | 2 Participants | 4 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 1 Participants | 2 Participants | 3 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | — / — | — / — |
| other Total, other adverse events | 1 / 2 | 0 / 2 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 2 | 0 / 2 |
Outcome results
Primary
Failure-free Survival (FFS) in Chemotherapy Plus Possible Surgery Arm
Failure is defined as the occurrence of one of the following: disease progression, defined as at least a 20% increase in the disease measurement, taking as reference the smallest disease measurement recorded since the start of treatment, or the appearance of one or more new lesions; relapse (defined with same criteria as for disease progression) after response; or death as a first event. Data will be summarized as number of eligible patients in each of the following categories at the time of data cutoff for analyses of 5-year FFS: 1)Failed; 2)Failure-free through 5 years of follow-up; 3)Failure-free until data cutoff (if less than 5 years of follow-up); 4)Withdrew from study; 5)Lost to follow-up. NOTE: Reported data are through March 2008 (see Caveats section).
Time frame: Study enrollment until failure, completion of follow-up, or completion of 5-year FFS analyses (up to 5 years)
Population: By protocol design, only eligible patients were considered in the evaluation for the primary outcome measure. One (1) patient was found ineligible, leaving two (2) for the analysis population.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chemotherapy Plus Possible Surgery | Failure-free Survival (FFS) in Chemotherapy Plus Possible Surgery Arm | Failed | 1 participants |
| Chemotherapy Plus Possible Surgery | Failure-free Survival (FFS) in Chemotherapy Plus Possible Surgery Arm | Failure-free through 5 years of follow-up | 0 participants |
| Chemotherapy Plus Possible Surgery | Failure-free Survival (FFS) in Chemotherapy Plus Possible Surgery Arm | Failure-free at cutoff (if < 5 years follow-up) | 1 participants |
| Chemotherapy Plus Possible Surgery | Failure-free Survival (FFS) in Chemotherapy Plus Possible Surgery Arm | Withdrew from study | 0 participants |
| Chemotherapy Plus Possible Surgery | Failure-free Survival (FFS) in Chemotherapy Plus Possible Surgery Arm | Lost to follow-up | 0 participants |