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A Study of Xeloda (Capecitabine) Compared With 5-Fluorouracil in Combination With Low-Dose Leucovorin in Patients Who Have Undergone Surgery for Colon Cancer

An Open-Label Randomized Phase III Study Comparing Xeloda (Capecitabine) With IV Bolus 5-Fluorouracil in Combination With Low-Dose Leucovorin as Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients Who Underwent Surgery for Dukes C Colon Cancer

Status
Completed
Phases
Phase 3
Study type
Interventional
Source
ClinicalTrials.gov
Registry ID
NCT00009737
Enrollment
1987
Registered
2004-03-17
Start date
1998-11-30
Completion date
2004-04-30
Last updated
2016-06-22

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Colorectal Cancer

Brief summary

This 2 arm study will compare the safety and efficacy of oral Xeloda, or 5-fluorouracil in combination with leucovorin, in patients who have undergone surgery for colon cancer. Patients will be randomized to receive either Xeloda 1250mg/m2 po bid on days 1-14 every 21 days, or leucovorin 20mg/m2 iv + 5-fluorouracil 425mg/m2 iv daily from day 1 to day 5 every 28 days. The anticipated time on study treatment is 3-12 months, and the target sample size is 500+ individuals.

Interventions

DRUG5-Fluorouracil

425mg/m2 iv daily from day 1 to day 5 every 28 days.

DRUGLeucovorin

20mg/m2 iv daily from day 1 to day 5 every 28 days.

DRUGCapecitabine [Xeloda]

1250mg/m2 po bid on days 1-14 every 21 days.

Sponsors

Hoffmann-La Roche
Lead SponsorINDUSTRY

Study design

Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE

Eligibility

Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 75 Years
Healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

* adult patients 18-75 years of age; * histologically confirmed colon cancer with potentially curative resection of the tumor within 8 weeks before study initiation.

Exclusion criteria

* previous chemotherapy

Design outcomes

Primary

MeasureTime frameDescription
Disease-free SurvivalApproximately 3 yearsParticipants with disease-free survival were reported. Disease-free survival was assessed as the number of days between randomization and the first time at which relapse, a new occurrence of colon cancer, or death was recorded, or the last time at which a participant was known to be disease free (censoring time).

Secondary

MeasureTime frameDescription
Relapse-Free SurvivalApproximately 3 yearsParticipants with relapse-free survival were reported. Relapse-free survival was assessed as the number of days between randomization and the first time at which relapse, a new occurrence of colon cancer, or death was recorded, or the last time at which a participants was known to be disease free (censoring time), excluding deaths that were not related to treatment or to disease progression.
Overall SurvivalApproximately 3 yearsParticipants with overall survival were reported. Overall survival was assessed as the number of days between randomization and death or the last time at which a participant was known to be alive (censoring time).
Mean Change From Baseline in Global Health Status at Week 25Baseline (Days -7 to 1) and at Week 25Global health status was assessed as a sub scale of European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-C30. It was scored on a scale of 0-100; where higher score indicates better quality of life. Wherever the scores for the participants were not available, the last value carried forward (LVCF) were used.
Number of Participants With Abnormalities for Blood Chemistry and Hematological ParametersUp to Week 25Laboratory abnormalities were categorized according to the National Cancer Institute of Canada Common Toxicity Criteria (NCIC - CTC) grading system (May 1991 revised) as Grade 1 (mild), Grade 2 (moderate), Grade 3 (severe) and Grade 4 (life- threatening). Participants with abnormalities in hemoglobin, granulocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, neutrophils/granulocytes, platelets, white blood cell, potassium, serum creatinine, sodium, total bilirubin, alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, calcium (hyper), and calcium (hypo) with Grades 1-4 were presented.
Number of Participants With Any Adverse Events and Serious Adverse EventsUp to Week 29An Adverse Event (AE) is defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a participant or clinical investigation participant, temporally associated with the use of a medicinal product, whether or not considered to be related to the medicinal product. An Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) is any untoward medical occurrence that, at any dose, results in death, is life threatening, requires hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, results in disability/incapacity, or results in a congenital anomaly/birth defect.

Countries

Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Germany, Israel, Italy, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States

Participant flow

Recruitment details

A total of 1987 participants were recruited into the study across 164 centers in 25 countries. This study was conducted from 12 Nov 1998 to 01 Apr 2004.

Participants by arm

ArmCount
Capecitabine
Participants received capecitabine 1250 (mg/m \^ 2) orally, twice a day, for 14 days, followed by a 7-day rest period without treatment, as an intermittent therapy in a 3-week cycle for 8 cycles (24 weeks).
1,004
5-Fluorouracil + Leucovorin
Participants received leucovorin 20 mg/m \^ 2 followed by 5-fluorouracil at 425 mg/m \^ 2, by rapid intravenous injection, daily, from Days 1 to 5 of the first week in each 4-week cycle for 6 cycles (24 weeks).
983
Total1,987

Withdrawals & dropouts

PeriodReasonFG000FG001
Overall StudyAdministrative/Other Reasons71
Overall StudyAdverse Event11275
Overall StudyDeath46
Overall StudyLack of Efficacy1715
Overall StudyLost to Follow-up11
Overall StudyOther Protocol Violation10
Overall StudyRefused Treatment1516
Overall StudyViolation of Selection Criteria at Entry139

Baseline characteristics

CharacteristicCapecitabine5-Fluorouracil + LeucovorinTotal
Age, Continuous62.0 Years63.0 Years62.0 Years
Sex/Gender, Customized
Female
461 Participants451 Participants912 Participants
Sex/Gender, Customized
Male
542 Participants532 Participants1074 Participants
Sex/Gender, Customized
Missing
1 Participants0 Participants1 Participants

Adverse events

Event typeEG000
affected / at risk
EG001
affected / at risk
deaths
Total, all-cause mortality
— / —— / —
other
Total, other adverse events
838 / 995847 / 974
serious
Total, serious adverse events
181 / 995182 / 974

Outcome results

Primary

Disease-free Survival

Participants with disease-free survival were reported. Disease-free survival was assessed as the number of days between randomization and the first time at which relapse, a new occurrence of colon cancer, or death was recorded, or the last time at which a participant was known to be disease free (censoring time).

Time frame: Approximately 3 years

Population: All randomized population included all participants who were randomized to one of the two treatment arms, regardless of whether they received any study medication.

ArmMeasureValue (NUMBER)
CapecitabineDisease-free Survival656 Participants
5-Fluorouracil + LeucovorinDisease-free Survival603 Participants
p-value: 0.05395% CI: [0.75, 1]Wald Chi-Square Test
Secondary

Mean Change From Baseline in Global Health Status at Week 25

Global health status was assessed as a sub scale of European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-C30. It was scored on a scale of 0-100; where higher score indicates better quality of life. Wherever the scores for the participants were not available, the last value carried forward (LVCF) were used.

Time frame: Baseline (Days -7 to 1) and at Week 25

Population: The safety population included all participants who received at least one dose of capecitabine, 5-fluorouracil, or leucovorin and had at least one post baseline safety assessment (adverse events, laboratory test results, or vital signs).

ArmMeasureValue (MEAN)Dispersion
CapecitabineMean Change From Baseline in Global Health Status at Week 252.1 Score on a scaleStandard Error 0.8
5-Fluorouracil + LeucovorinMean Change From Baseline in Global Health Status at Week 252.6 Score on a scaleStandard Error 0.78
Secondary

Number of Participants With Abnormalities for Blood Chemistry and Hematological Parameters

Laboratory abnormalities were categorized according to the National Cancer Institute of Canada Common Toxicity Criteria (NCIC - CTC) grading system (May 1991 revised) as Grade 1 (mild), Grade 2 (moderate), Grade 3 (severe) and Grade 4 (life- threatening). Participants with abnormalities in hemoglobin, granulocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, neutrophils/granulocytes, platelets, white blood cell, potassium, serum creatinine, sodium, total bilirubin, alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, calcium (hyper), and calcium (hypo) with Grades 1-4 were presented.

Time frame: Up to Week 25

Population: The safety population comprises all participants who received at least one dose of capecitabine, 5-fluorouracil, or leucovorin and had at least one post baseline safety assessment.

ArmMeasureGroupValue (NUMBER)
CapecitabineNumber of Participants With Abnormalities for Blood Chemistry and Hematological ParametersNeutrophils308 Participants
CapecitabineNumber of Participants With Abnormalities for Blood Chemistry and Hematological ParametersCalcium (Hypo)150 Participants
CapecitabineNumber of Participants With Abnormalities for Blood Chemistry and Hematological ParametersNeutrophils/Granulocytes316 Participants
CapecitabineNumber of Participants With Abnormalities for Blood Chemistry and Hematological ParametersAlkaline Phosphatase334 Participants
CapecitabineNumber of Participants With Abnormalities for Blood Chemistry and Hematological ParametersPlatelets182 Participants
CapecitabineNumber of Participants With Abnormalities for Blood Chemistry and Hematological ParametersGranulocytes20 Participants
CapecitabineNumber of Participants With Abnormalities for Blood Chemistry and Hematological ParametersPotassium209 Participants
CapecitabineNumber of Participants With Abnormalities for Blood Chemistry and Hematological ParametersAlanine transaminase327 Participants
CapecitabineNumber of Participants With Abnormalities for Blood Chemistry and Hematological ParametersSerum Creatinine157 Participants
CapecitabineNumber of Participants With Abnormalities for Blood Chemistry and Hematological ParametersHemoglobin691 Participants
CapecitabineNumber of Participants With Abnormalities for Blood Chemistry and Hematological ParametersSodium189 Participants
CapecitabineNumber of Participants With Abnormalities for Blood Chemistry and Hematological ParametersCalcium (Hyper)67 Participants
CapecitabineNumber of Participants With Abnormalities for Blood Chemistry and Hematological ParametersTotal Bilirubin501 Participants
CapecitabineNumber of Participants With Abnormalities for Blood Chemistry and Hematological ParametersLymphocytes778 Participants
CapecitabineNumber of Participants With Abnormalities for Blood Chemistry and Hematological ParametersWhite blood cell220 Participants
CapecitabineNumber of Participants With Abnormalities for Blood Chemistry and Hematological ParametersAspartate aminotransferase300 Participants
5-Fluorouracil + LeucovorinNumber of Participants With Abnormalities for Blood Chemistry and Hematological ParametersWhite blood cell409 Participants
5-Fluorouracil + LeucovorinNumber of Participants With Abnormalities for Blood Chemistry and Hematological ParametersAlanine transaminase333 Participants
5-Fluorouracil + LeucovorinNumber of Participants With Abnormalities for Blood Chemistry and Hematological ParametersAlkaline Phosphatase289 Participants
5-Fluorouracil + LeucovorinNumber of Participants With Abnormalities for Blood Chemistry and Hematological ParametersCalcium (Hyper)68 Participants
5-Fluorouracil + LeucovorinNumber of Participants With Abnormalities for Blood Chemistry and Hematological ParametersCalcium (Hypo)112 Participants
5-Fluorouracil + LeucovorinNumber of Participants With Abnormalities for Blood Chemistry and Hematological ParametersGranulocytes43 Participants
5-Fluorouracil + LeucovorinNumber of Participants With Abnormalities for Blood Chemistry and Hematological ParametersHemoglobin650 Participants
5-Fluorouracil + LeucovorinNumber of Participants With Abnormalities for Blood Chemistry and Hematological ParametersLymphocytes744 Participants
5-Fluorouracil + LeucovorinNumber of Participants With Abnormalities for Blood Chemistry and Hematological ParametersNeutrophils596 Participants
5-Fluorouracil + LeucovorinNumber of Participants With Abnormalities for Blood Chemistry and Hematological ParametersNeutrophils/Granulocytes612 Participants
5-Fluorouracil + LeucovorinNumber of Participants With Abnormalities for Blood Chemistry and Hematological ParametersPlatelets160 Participants
5-Fluorouracil + LeucovorinNumber of Participants With Abnormalities for Blood Chemistry and Hematological ParametersPotassium156 Participants
5-Fluorouracil + LeucovorinNumber of Participants With Abnormalities for Blood Chemistry and Hematological ParametersSerum Creatinine138 Participants
5-Fluorouracil + LeucovorinNumber of Participants With Abnormalities for Blood Chemistry and Hematological ParametersSodium184 Participants
5-Fluorouracil + LeucovorinNumber of Participants With Abnormalities for Blood Chemistry and Hematological ParametersTotal Bilirubin185 Participants
5-Fluorouracil + LeucovorinNumber of Participants With Abnormalities for Blood Chemistry and Hematological ParametersAspartate aminotransferase288 Participants
Secondary

Number of Participants With Any Adverse Events and Serious Adverse Events

An Adverse Event (AE) is defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a participant or clinical investigation participant, temporally associated with the use of a medicinal product, whether or not considered to be related to the medicinal product. An Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) is any untoward medical occurrence that, at any dose, results in death, is life threatening, requires hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, results in disability/incapacity, or results in a congenital anomaly/birth defect.

Time frame: Up to Week 29

Population: The safety population comprises all participants who received at least one dose of capecitabine, 5-fluorouracil, or leucovorin and had at least one post baseline safety assessment

ArmMeasureGroupValue (NUMBER)
CapecitabineNumber of Participants With Any Adverse Events and Serious Adverse EventsAll adverse events910 Participants
CapecitabineNumber of Participants With Any Adverse Events and Serious Adverse EventsSerious adverse events181 Participants
5-Fluorouracil + LeucovorinNumber of Participants With Any Adverse Events and Serious Adverse EventsAll adverse events885 Participants
5-Fluorouracil + LeucovorinNumber of Participants With Any Adverse Events and Serious Adverse EventsSerious adverse events182 Participants
Secondary

Overall Survival

Participants with overall survival were reported. Overall survival was assessed as the number of days between randomization and death or the last time at which a participant was known to be alive (censoring time).

Time frame: Approximately 3 years

Population: All randomized population included all participants who were randomized to one of the two treatment arms, regardless of whether they received any study medication.

ArmMeasureValue (NUMBER)
CapecitabineOverall Survival804 Participants
5-Fluorouracil + LeucovorinOverall Survival756 Participants
p-value: 0.07195% CI: [0.69, 1.01]Wald Chi-Square Test
Secondary

Relapse-Free Survival

Participants with relapse-free survival were reported. Relapse-free survival was assessed as the number of days between randomization and the first time at which relapse, a new occurrence of colon cancer, or death was recorded, or the last time at which a participants was known to be disease free (censoring time), excluding deaths that were not related to treatment or to disease progression.

Time frame: Approximately 3 years

Population: All randomized population included all participants who were randomized to one of the two treatment arms, regardless of whether they received any study medication.

ArmMeasureValue (NUMBER)
CapecitabineRelapse-Free Survival677 Participants
5-Fluorouracil + LeucovorinRelapse-Free Survival621 Participants
p-value: 0.04195% CI: [0.74, 0.99]Wald Chi-Square Test

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov · Data processed: Feb 4, 2026