A Study of Pentamidine in the Prevention of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia (PCP) in HIV-Infected Children Who Cannot Take Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole

A Phase I/II Trial of Parenteral Pentamidine for PCP Prophylaxis in HIV-Infected Children Who Are Intolerant to Oral Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole

Status

Completed

Phases

Phase 1

Study type

Interventional

Source

ClinicalTrials.gov

Registry ID

NCT00001027

Enrollment

Registered

2001-08-31

Start date

Unknown

Completion date

1996-09-30

Last updated

2021-11-01

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

HIV Infections, Pneumonia, Pneumocystis Carinii

Keywords

Pneumonia, Pneumocystis carinii, Pentamidine, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, AIDS-Related Complex

Brief summary

Primary: To compare the pharmacokinetics of biweekly and monthly dose regimens of intravenous pentamidine in HIV-infected infants and children who require PCP prophylaxis and who are intolerant to oral trimethoprim - sulfamethoxazole. To determine the safety and tolerance of these regimens in this patient population. Secondary: To obtain information on the rate of PCP breakthrough in infants and children receiving parenteral pentamidine prophylaxis. Prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is recommended for all HIV-infected children considered to be at high risk. In children younger than 5 years of age with intolerance to trimethoprim - sulfamethoxazole, parenteral pentamidine may be a successful alternative.

Detailed description

Prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is recommended for all HIV-infected children considered to be at high risk. In children younger than 5 years of age with intolerance to trimethoprim - sulfamethoxazole, parenteral pentamidine may be a successful alternative. Thirty-two children are randomized to one of two treatment arms. Patients receive pentamidine on either a biweekly or a monthly treatment schedule. Treatment continues until the last child enrolled has received at least 6 months of pentamidine. Patients are stratified according to age \< 24 months or age \>= 24 months. Steady-state pharmacokinetics will be examined in a subsample of 20 patients.

Interventions

DRUGPentamidine isethionate

Study design

Primary purpose

TREATMENT

Eligibility

Sex/Gender

ALL

Age

1 Months to 6 Years

Healthy volunteers

Inclusion criteria

Concurrent Medication: Allowed: * Steroids and intravenous immune globulin (IVIG). Patients must have: * Documented HIV infection. * Need for PCP prophylaxis. * Known intolerance to trimethoprim - sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX). One of the following required conditions: * Known intolerance or allergy to dapsone; G6PD deficiency; history of serious or life-threatening reaction to TMP-SMX; exclusion from protocol ACTG 179; election by parent not to enroll child on ACTG 179; or receiving medical care at sites not participating in ACTG 179. NOTE: * Co-enrollment in other ACTG pediatric studies is permitted. Consent of parent or guardian is required. Prior Medication: Allowed: * Prior pentamidine.

Exclusion criteria

Co-existing Condition: Patients with the following symptoms and conditions are excluded: * Active PCP. * Pancreatitis defined as amylase elevation associated with an elevated lipase that is \> 2 x upper limit of normal. Prior Medication: Excluded: * TMP-SMX or dapsone within 7 days prior to study entry (toxicities to TMP-SMX or dapsone must be clearly resolving).

Countries

Puerto Rico, United States

Outcome results

None listed

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov · Data processed: Feb 4, 2026