None listed
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Adults aged 19 to 80 years. 2. Patients scheduled to undergo laparoscopic or robotic cholecystectomy. 3. American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I–III. 4. Patients who are able to understand the study procedures and provide written informed consent voluntarily.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Patients with a known hypersensitivity or allergy to the study drug or any of its components. 2. Pregnant or breastfeeding women. 3. Patients with severe hepatic or renal impairment. 4. Patients receiving chronic opioid therapy before surgery. 5. Patients with severe psychiatric or neurological disorders that may interfere with study assessments. 6. Patients considered unsuitable for participation by the investigator. 7. Patients who do not provide written informed consent.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Proportion of patients achieving opioid-free recovery (no opioid use within 24 hours after surgery) | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Postoperative pain intensity measured using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS);Total postoperative opioid consumption (Morphine Milligram Equivalents, MME);Requirement for rescue opioid analgesics;Intraoperative Analgesia Nociception Index (ANI);Incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV);Sedation level assessed using the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS);Requirement for rescue non-opioid analgesics;Incidence of adverse events and adverse drug reactions | — |
Countries
Korea, Republic of
Contacts
Korea University Anam Hospital