None listed
Conditions
Interventions
Behavioral : The intervention consisted of three virtual reality (VR) programs: a plant-based VR activity, an animal-based VR activity, and a general game VR activity. All participants wore a Meta Que
Sponsors
Konkuk University
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Adults aged 20 to 65 years 2. Individuals who voluntarily agreed to participate after receiving an explanation of the study purpose and procedures 3. Individuals who had no objection to experiencing virtual reality (VR) programs 4. Individuals who had no objection to providing human-derived samples, including blood and saliva 5. Individuals who were able to complete the study procedures and questionnaires
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Individuals with blood-related disorders 2. Individuals with hypertension or hypotension 3. Individuals with heart disease 4. Individuals who were pregnant or breastfeeding 5. Individuals using medical devices that could interfere with VR equipment, such as hearing aids or defibrillators 6. Individuals with visual problems that could interfere with VR viewing, such as severe astigmatism
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Change in perceived stress score(K-PSS-10) before and after each virtual reality activity;Change in depressive symptom score(CES-D) before and after each virtual reality activity;Change in anxiety symptom score(GAD-7) before and after each virtual reality activity | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Subjective emotional state scores(SDM) after each virtual reality activity;Changes in serum and saliva metabolomic profiles before and after each virtual reality activity;Presence score after each virtual reality activity;Simulator sickness symptom score after each virtual reality activity | — |
Countries
Korea, Republic of
Contacts
Public ContactSeoyeon Park
Konkuk University
Outcome results
None listed