None listed
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: - Healthy adult males in their 20s without any disease - Participants eligible for the crossover trial design - Participants who voluntarily agreed to participate in this study and provided written informed consent
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: - Individuals with a history of severe cerebrovascular diseases (e.g., cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage), cardiovascular diseases (e.g., myocardial infarction, angina), endocrine diseases, or psychiatric disorders - Individuals with uncontrolled hypertension (blood pressure = 160/100 mmHg) - Individuals with allergic reactions to beetroot juice ingredients - Individuals considered unsuitable for participation by the investigator
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Metabolic function (minute ventilation (VE), oxygen uptake (VO2), carbon dioxide production (VCO2), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), oxygen pulse (O2pulse));skeletal muscle oxygenation (oxygenated hemoglobin (Oxy_Hb), deoxygenated hemoglobin (Deoxy_Hb), total hemoglobin (Total_Hb), tissue oxygen saturation (StO2));cardiovascular function (heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), total peripheral resistance (TPR), peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2));blood pressure (systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), pulse pressure (PP)) | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Vascular function (brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), flow-mediated dilation (FMD)) | — |
Countries
Korea, Republic of
Contacts
Konkuk University