None listed
Conditions
Interventions
Procedure/Surgery : The PECS II block is performed under ultrasound guidance using an in-plane technique. A linear transducer is placed at the level of the third intercostal space along the anterior a
Sponsors
The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: • Patients aged 19 to 60 years scheduled to undergo single-port transaxillary robotic thyroidectomy (lobectomy or total thyroidectomy) • Patients with suspected Thyroid Cancer on preoperative evaluation whose nodules are classified as T1 or T2 stage (less than 4 cm without invasion of surrounding tissues) • Patients without suspected thyroid cancer on preoperative evaluation who have thyroid nodules with a maximum diameter of less than 4 cm on ultrasonography • Patients with a body mass index (BMI) of 18.5 kg/m² or higher and less than 30.0 kg/m²
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: • Patients with an American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status of III or higher. • Patients requiring lateral neck lymph node dissection • Pregnant women • Patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus • Patients with chronic kidney disease • Patients with a history of previous neck surgery • Patients with Graves' Disease • Patients with chronic alcohol use disorder • Patients with preoperative vocal cord paralysis • Patients with severe obesity (BMI = 30.0 kg/m²) • Patients who have participated in another clinical trial within 30 days prior to enrollment • Patients whom the investigators consider unable to complete questionnaires independently • Patients whom the investigators judge to be unsuitable for study participation due to other underlying medical conditions
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Pain score at 4 hour after surgery, assessed using an 11-point numeric rating scale (NRS, 0–10) | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Pain score at 1 hour after surgery, assessed using an 11-point numeric rating scale (NRS, 0–10);Pain score at 24 hour after surgery, assessed using an 11-point numeric rating scale (NRS, 0–10);Pain score at postoperative day 2, assessed using an 11-point numeric rating scale (NRS; 0–10);Frequency and dose of analgesic administration at 1 hour, 4 hours, 24 hours, and postoperative day 2 after surgery;Postoperative nausea/vomiting and other complications ;The Korean version of the Quality of Recovery-15 questionnaire (QoR-15K);axillary/chest wall pain score, assessed using an 11-point numeric rating scale (NRS, 0–10);swallowing-related deep neck pain score, assessed using an 11-point numeric rating scale (NRS, 0–10) | — |
Countries
Korea, Republic of
Contacts
Public ContactJung-Woo Shim
The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital
Outcome results
None listed