None listed
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Healthy male and female adults aged 20 years or older who are eligible for ultrasound measurements and have no mental or physical constraints.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Individuals with a medical history of musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, respiratory, or neurological diseases, or those exhibiting abnormal findings in physiological examinations of these systems, are excluded. Additionally, those with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain, headaches, or malocclusion, which may interfere with precise ultrasound measurements, are restricted from participation. To prevent potential conflicts of interest, students currently enrolled in courses taught by the principal investigator are also excluded from the study.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Positional coordinate changes of cervical vertebrae;Blood flow velocity, Muscle elasticity | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Muscle diameter | — |
Countries
Korea, Republic of
Contacts
Gachon University