None listed
Conditions
Interventions
Medical Device : All participants are randomly assigned to one of two intervention sequences.
Group A: active transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) ? washout period of at least 2 da
frequency, 25 Hz
pulse width, 250 µs
and intensity, set at the sensory threshold level. In the sham condition, the same electrodes are attached at the same location, but no electrical stimulation is delivered.
At each visit, both pre-sti
Sponsors
Hanyang University
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Participants were healthy adults aged between 19 and 60 years with normal blood pressure (systolic blood pressure =130 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure =80 mmHg), and without any known psychiatric or medical conditions that could affect study participation.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Participants were excluded if they met any of the following criteria: 1. Hypertension (systolic blood pressure =140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure =90 mmHg) or prehypertension (systolic blood pressure 130–139 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure 80–89 mmHg) 2. History of cardiovascular disease or use of medications affecting cardiovascular function 3. Difficulty in communication or inability to understand study procedures 4. Non-compliance with study instructions or inability to cooperate with the experimental protocol 5. Refusal to participate or withdrawal of consent during the study
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Baroreflex Sensitivity (BRS) | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Heart Rate Variability (HRV) | — |
Countries
Korea, Republic of
Contacts
Public ContactGeonhee Lee
Hanyang University
Outcome results
None listed