None listed
Conditions
Interventions
Others(Type of music intervention (preferred music, relaxation music, or control)) : 1. Preferred music group
Participants in the preferred music group were asked to select their preferred music from
(2) include minimal key changes or only natural transitions to closely related keys
(3) have a narrow pitch range without abrupt melodic shifts
and (4) typically involve repetition. Upon entry into the operating room, participant identity was confirmed, and anxiety and vital signs were assessed. Immediately after anesthesia induction, relaxat
Sponsors
CHA University
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
Female
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Individuals who understood the purpose of the study and agreed to participate. 2. Individuals aged 20–65 years. 3. Individuals who could understand the questionnaire and communicate verbally, who had no hearing impairment and no difficulties wearing a headset. 4. Individuals classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Status I or II, and who received a standardized anesthesia type and dosage. 5. Individuals with no history of psychiatric disorders. 6. Individuals without episodes of abrupt blood pressure decrease due to anesthesia or bleeding.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: All individuals not meeting the inclusion criteria were excluded from participation.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Anxiety;Pain ;Vital sign (blood pressure, heart rate, respiration rate) | — |
Countries
Korea, Republic of
Contacts
Public ContactChaei Kim
CHA University
Outcome results
None listed