None listed
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Participants must meet all of the following criteria: (1) Age between 20 and 64 years. ? Acute low back pain within 7 days of symptom onset, accompanied by lumbar pain and limited range of motion (ROM). ? Low back pain (LBP), with or without referred leg pain. ? No prior treatment for the current episode of low back pain (diagnostic imaging alone is permitted). ? Ability to understand the study procedures and provide written informed consent. (6) Participants treated with ultrasound-guided pharmacopuncture using a long needle (25G × 100 mm) at Mapo Hongik Korean Medicine Clinic or Gwanghwamun KyungHee Korean Medicine Clinic, or using a short needle (26G × 60 mm) at Mullae Majubom Korean Medicine Clinic or Gangnyeong Korean Medicine Clinic.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: ? Participants who have received medication or related treatments for low back muscle pain or discomfort within the past 7 days, including treatment at medical (Western medicine) or Korean medicine institutions. ? Participants with a history of lumbar spine surgery within the past 3 months. ? Participants who developed lumbar sprain due to trauma (e.g., traffic accident, fall, or contusion) within the past 3 months. ? Female Participants who are currently pregnant or who have given birth within the past 6 months ? Participants with renal or endocrine disorders accompanied by symptoms such as edema. ? Participants currently taking antithrombotic agents (including anticoagulants or antiplatelet medications). ? Participants with cognitive impairment that makes it difficult to understand the study procedures or provide voluntary informed consent. ? Participants currently taking psychiatric medications for conditions such as depression. ? Participants deemed unsuitable for participation at the discretion of the investigator.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Range of motion (ROM);Oswestry Disability Index;Patient-reported Percentage Pain Reduction | — |
Countries
Korea, Republic of
Contacts
FCU Co., Ltd.