None listed
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Participants were included if they met the following conditions related to Musculoskeletal Abnormalities [MeSH]: (1) a Craniovertebral Angle (CVA) = 50°, (2) a Cranial Rotation Angle (CRA) = 145°, and (3) daily Cell Phone [MeSH] usage of = 4 hours.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Participants were excluded if they met any of the following conditions: A history of cervical spine surgery or severe cervical trauma Neurological disorders affecting posture or balance Diagnosed vestibular, visual, or inner ear disorders Current musculoskeletal pain in the neck or shoulder rated above moderate intensity Any medical condition that restricts cervical movement or exercise participation Use of medications that may influence pain perception or neuromuscular control Inability to maintain the required posture during measurement or exercise Individuals who did not agree to participate or failed to provide informed consent
Design outcomes
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Neck Pain (Visual Analogue Scale, VAS) ;Cervical Range of Motion (CROM) | — |
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Craniovertebral Angle (CVA) ;Cranial Rotation Angle (CRA) | — |
Countries
Korea, Republic of
Contacts
Baekseok University