None listed
Conditions
Interventions
Drug : Randomize patients who meet the inclusion criteria to one of the following groups: Propofol (Group P), Remimazolam (Group R), or Dexmedetomidine (Group D), with a 1:1:1 allocation ratio.
Start
Sponsors
Asan Medical Center
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: * ASA(American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification) physical status 1 -4 * Age: Adults 65 years and older * Patients scheduled for lower extremity surgery under sedation and spinal anesthesia with dexmedetomidine, remimazolam, or propofol.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: * Informed consent refusal * Uncontrolled hypertension , hyperthyroidism , dementia with inability to communicate , symptomatic coronary artery disease * Allergy to propofol, dexmedetomidine, or remimazolam. * Contraindications to spinal anesthesia such as coagulopathy, severe aortic stenosis/mitral stenosis, active infection onlumbar region, etc. * Any other reason deemed unsuitable by the medical staff to participate in the study.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Number of patients with at least one intraoperative hypotension event | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Number of hypotension events within 1 hour of drug (propofol/remimazolam/dexmedetomidine) administration;Frequency of total hypotension during intraoperative period;Total dose of phenylephrine administered during surgery ;Total amount of fluid infused during surgery;Number of times hypotension occurs in the postoperative recovery room (MBP < 65 mmHg);intraoperative cerebral desaturation event;Postoperative complications (cardiovascular, neurologic, respiratory, delirium, decreased renal function, postoperative nausea and vomiting, decreased cognitive function, etc.);Postoperative Mini-Mental State Examination | — |
Countries
Korea, Republic of
Contacts
Public ContactYeon Ju Kim
Asan Medical Center
Outcome results
None listed