Development of image training program with 3D Virtual Reality for the older people: Based on the Embodied Cognition

Status

Active, not recruiting

Phases

Unknown

Study type

Interventional

Source

CRIS

Registry ID

KCT0010653

Enrollment

Registered

2025-06-19

Start date

2019-11-20

Completion date

Unknown

Last updated

2025-06-24

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

None listed

Interventions

Behavioral : The intervention in this study was a motor imagery training program conducted in a 3D virtual reality (VR) environment using an avatar. Participants in the experimental group selected an

Eligibility

Sex/Gender

All

Inclusion criteria

Inclusion criteria: -Older adult group: Individuals aged 65 to 84 years -Healthy adults with no neurological or psychiatric disorders -For the older adult group: A score of 24 or higher on the MMSE-K (Mini-Mental State Examination – Korean version) -For the older adult group: Individuals without mobility impairments, defined as those who can independently walk 6 meters regardless of the use of assistive devices (Kim Eun-Ja, Hwang Byung-Yong, Kim Mi-Sun, 2010) -For the older adult group: Individuals without dementia-related degenerative diseases

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria: -Individuals with a history of psychosis who have taken antipsychotic medication for treatment of psychotic symptoms -Individuals currently participating in a rehabilitation program due to cognitive or emotional disorders -Individuals with internal medical or neurological conditions, or a history of head trauma or neurological disorders -Individuals who frequently experience motion sickness or have a history of vestibular disorders such as benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) or Ménière’s disease -Individuals currently participating in other experimental studies -Individuals who have difficulty understanding the purpose and procedures of the study -Individuals with cognitive impairments -Individuals with visual or hearing impairments -Individuals with sensitive skin, atopic dermatitis, or a history of other dermatological conditions -For the adult population, undergraduate or graduate students from the Department of Sports Science are excluded

Design outcomes

Primary

Measure	Time frame
Cognitive function was assessed using the Stroop Test, Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT), Rey-Kim Memory Test, Korean Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV (K-WAIS-IV), and the Korean Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE), a screening tool for dementia.;Emotional status was assessed through self-report questionnaires to measure changes in insomnia, sleep quality, anxiety levels, stress responses, emotions, and life satisfaction.;Physiological signals were measured using the following indicators: electrocardiogram (ECG), photoplethysmogram (PPG), galvanic skin response (GSR), respiration (RESP), and electromyogram (EMG).	—

Measure

Time frame

Cognitive function was assessed using the Stroop Test, Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT), Rey-Kim Memory Test, Korean Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV (K-WAIS-IV), and the Korean Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE), a screening tool for dementia.;Emotional status was assessed through self-report questionnaires to measure changes in insomnia, sleep quality, anxiety levels, stress responses, emotions, and life satisfaction.;Physiological signals were measured using the following indicators: electrocardiogram (ECG), photoplethysmogram (PPG), galvanic skin response (GSR), respiration (RESP), and electromyogram (EMG).

—

Secondary

Measure	Time frame
To evaluate differences in the level of immersion and cybersickness in the virtual environment, self-report questionnaires were administered to assess immersion and cybersickness factors.	—

Countries

Korea, Republic of

Contacts

Public ContactMyungChul LEE

Pusan National University

lmc0882@pusan.ac.kr+82-51-510-2721

Outcome results