None listed
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: The criteria for selecting subjects were those in their 50s to 60s who complained of back pain more than 3 months ago, those without surgical experience, those without visual and hearing impairments, those who can understand and perform the researcher's instructions with 24 points (MMSE-K), and those with a study participation rate of 80% or more.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: The exclusion criteria for the study subjects were those with back surgery experience, those with Oswestry Disability Index mean or higher, those with less than 24 MMSE-K points, and those with less than 80% of the study participation rate.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Pain Pressure Threshold | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Body function;Activity disorder;Depression | — |
Countries
Korea, Republic of
Contacts
Sahmyook University