None listed
Conditions
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Patients aged 66 or older undergoing surgery under general anesthesia or spinal anesthesia 2. Patients who are class 1~3 of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: - Obesity (body mass index >35kg/m2) - Psychiatric history and cognitive impairment including dementia - Allergy to ultrasound gel - local redness or signs of infection at the ultrasound site - the history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, severe respiratory disorders, or diaphragmatic palsy in the preoperative evaluation - When the time from induction of anesthesia to termination of anesthesia is less than 1 hour
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| excursion of diaphragm | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| thickness of diaphragm | — |
Countries
Korea, Republic of
Contacts
Konyang University Hospital