None listed
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: The criteria for selection of the subjects were those who did not have cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, had no experience in orthopedic or neurosurgery related procedures or surgery, and had no other joint diseases other than low back pain.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Patients with cardiovascular disease and metabolic disease were excluded.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| cardiovascular risk factors | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| lumbar cross-sectional area | — |
Countries
Korea, Republic of
Contacts
Dongguk University