None listed
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Patients aged 6 months to 4 years who visit the Pediatric Emergency Department of Seoul National University Hospital who need venipuncture for diagnosis or treatment
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Children with developmental disabilities or facial anomalies Children requiring urgent IV placement due to a shock condition or a decrease in consciousness Children whose caregivers have insufficient knowledge of Korean to understand the study protocol Children who are separated in a negative-pressure isolation room for suspected coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| FLACC (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability) scale | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Caregiver rating of the child’s anxiety (Visual Analogue Scale, VAS);Caregiver rating of the child’s pain (Visual Analogue Scale, VAS);caregiver's satisfaction (5-likert scale) | — |
Countries
Korea, Republic of
Contacts
Seoul National University Hospital