None listed
Conditions
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: patients with colorectal cancer who underwent laparoscopic colorectal surgery from January 2015 to April 2020
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: emergent surgery, metastatic colorectal lesions, conversion to open surgery, the need for intensive care unit management after surgery, inability to express pain severity, patients who were taken non-opioid analgesics during anesthesia, and patients with nefopam contraindications
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| postoperative pain score | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| postoperative analgesic dose | — |
Countries
Korea, Republic of
Contacts
Samsung Medical Center