None listed
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: This study includes: 1) older than 18 years patients undergoing cystoscopy for diagnosis and treatment 2) communicable patients with an intellectual process by which one become aware of, perceives, or comprehends this study, 3) patients who understand the purpose of this study and agree informed consent.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1) Exclusion criteria included a patient diagnosed with bladder cancer after cystoscopy.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| pain;anxiety;Blood pressure and pulse rate | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Satisfaction | — |
Countries
Korea, Republic of
Contacts
Gachon University