None listed
Conditions
Interventions
Drug : Esmolol. For the ‘C’ group, 20 mL of normal saline was prepared, while the ‘E0.5’, ‘E1’, and ‘E2’ groups had 20 mL of normal saline containing esmolol 0.5 mg/kg, 1 mg/kg, and 2 mg/kg, respectiv
Sponsors
Soon Chun Hyang University Hospital Cheonan
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class I & II who required general anesthesia for elective surgery
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Intubation time exceeding 15 seconds, and patients with hypertension, cardiac problems, cervical spine fracture, tumors, or polyps in the upper airway, those with expected airway difficulties, and patients currently using beta blockers were excluded from the study.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| mean arterial blood pressure;heart rate | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| rate-pressure product | — |
Countries
Korea, Republic of
Contacts
Public ContactJinku Kang
Soon Chun Hyang University Hospital Cheonan
Outcome results
None listed